Serpukhov

Serpukhov (English)
Серпухов (Russian)
-  City[1]  -

Sovetskaya Street in Serpukhov

Location of Moscow Oblast in Russia
Serpukhov
Location of Serpukhov in Moscow Oblast
Coordinates: 54°55′N 37°24′E / 54.917°N 37.400°E / 54.917; 37.400Coordinates: 54°55′N 37°24′E / 54.917°N 37.400°E / 54.917; 37.400
Coat of arms
Flag
Administrative status (as of January 2013)
Country Russia
Federal subject Moscow Oblast[1]
Administratively subordinated to Serpukhov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1]
Administrative center of Serpukhovsky District,[1] Serpukhov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1]
Municipal status (as of December 2006)
Urban okrug Serpukhov Urban Okrug[2]
Administrative center of Serpukhov Urban Okrug,[2] Serpukhovsky Municipal District[3]
Head Dmitry Zharikov[4]
Statistics
Area (urban okrug) (December 2006) 37.516 km2 (14.485 sq mi)[2]
Population (2010 Census) 127,041 inhabitants[5]
- Rank in 2010 129th
Density 3,386/km2 (8,770/sq mi)[6]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[7]
Founded 1339
City status since 1374
Postal code(s)[8] 142200
Dialing code(s) +7 4967
Official website
Serpukhov on Wikimedia Commons

Serpukhov (Russian: Серпухов; IPA: [ˈsʲɛrpʊxəf]) is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Oka and the Nara Rivers, 99 kilometers (62 mi) south from Moscow on the Moscow—Simferopol highway. The Moscow—Tula railway passes through Serpukhov. Population: 127,041 (2010 Census);[5] 131,097 (2002 Census);[9] 143,618 (1989 Census).[10]

History

Serpukhov was established in 1339 to protect the southern approaches to Moscow. Two years later it was made a seat of the powerful princedom ruled by a cousin and close associate of Dmitry Donskoy, Vladimir the Bold. Town status was granted to it in 1374. The princedom continued until 1456, when the last prince escaped to Lithuania. The town frequently fell prey to the hordes of Tokhtamysh, Crimean Tatars, and other steppe conquerors. It was necessary to protect it with a stone citadel, or kremlin, which was completed by 1556 as part of the Great Abatis Belt.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Serpukhov serves as the administrative center of Serpukhovsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as Serpukhov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Serpukhov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Serpukhov Urban Okrug.[2]

Landmarks

The citadel commands a steep hill where the small Serpeyka River enters the Nara. However, during the 19th century, parts of the citadel were demolished by the town's inhabitants, who used its limestone for their private residences. Even now the vast majority of basements in nearby houses are built from this material. In the kremlin, the chief monument is the Trinity cathedral, built in 1696 in Moscow Baroque style.

The Vysotsky Monastery features a cathedral and refectory dating from the late 16th century, as well as the allegedly miracle-working icon Inexhaustible Chalice. Another important cloister is called Vladychny, with the Presentation cathedral and a tent-like St. George's church, both erected during Boris Godunov's reign. The latter monastery is named after the honorary title of Russian bishops, as it was founded by the holy metropolitan Alexis in 1360.

Modern town

In modern times, Serpukhov has become a local industrial center with textile, mechanical engineering, furniture, and paper-producing industries. The SeAZ factory produces the Lada Oka microcar since the 1980s. The Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Reserve sprawls within 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) from the city.

Transport

The city is linked by trains to Moscow and Tula and is on the M2 highway between Moscow and the Crimea. There are also river boat services along the Oka River.

Culture and education

Serpukhov is home to the Serpukhov Historical and Art Museum and the Serpukhov Art Gallery. The city is home to the Serpukhov Military Academy of Missile troops and branches of several Moscow based universities.

Sports

The city association football team FC Zvezda Serpukhov plays in the Russian second division.

Notable people

International relations

Twin towns and sister cities

Serpukhov is twinned with:

  • Turkey Çeşme, Turkey
  • Ukraine Sievierodonetsk, Ukraine
  • Belarus Zaslawye, Belarus
  • Bulgaria Pravets, Bulgaria
  • Montenegro Danilovgrad, Montenegro

    • References

    Notes

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Law #11/2013-OZ
    2. 1 2 3 4 Law #11/2005-OZ
    3. ↑ Law #78/2005-OZ
    4. ↑ Глава города Серпухова Павел Залесов отправлен в отставку
    5. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
    6. ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
    7. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
    8. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
    9. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
    10. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
    11. ↑ Офіційний сайт міста Івано-Франківська. mvk.if.ua (in Ukrainian). Retrieved March 7, 2010.

    Sources

    External links

    Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Serpukhov.
    Wikimedia Commons has media related to Serpukhov.
    This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Monday, July 20, 2015. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.