Semipalmated sandpiper
| Semipalmated sandpiper | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Charadriiformes |
| Family: | Scolopacidae |
| Genus: | Calidris (disputed) |
| Species: | C. pusilla |
| Binomial name | |
| Calidris pusilla Linnaeus, 1766 | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Ereunetes pusillus (but see text) | |
The semipalmated sandpiper (Calidris pusilla) is a very small shorebird. It is sometimes separated with other "stints" in Erolia, but, although these apparently form a monophyletic group, the present species' old genus Ereunetes had been proposed before Erolia.
Description
Adults have black legs and a short, stout, straight dark bill. The body is dark grey-brown on top and white underneath. The head and neck are tinged light grey-brown. This bird can be difficult to distinguish from other similar tiny shorebirds, in particular the western sandpiper; these are known collectively as "peeps" or "stints".
Breeding and habitat
Their breeding habitat is the southern tundra in Canada and Alaska near water. They nest on the ground. The male makes several shallow scrapes; the female chooses one and adds grass and other material to line the nest. The female lays 4 eggs; the male assists in incubation. After a few days, the female leaves the young with the male; the young feed themselves.
These birds forage on mudflats, picking up food by sight and feel (bill). They mainly eat aquatic insects and crustaceans.
Status and migration
They are long distance migrants and winter in coastal South America, with some going to the southern United States. They migrate in flocks which can number in the hundreds of thousands, particularly in favoured feeding locations such as the Bay of Fundy and Delaware Bay. This species is a rare but regular vagrant to western Europe.
Although very numerous, these birds are highly dependent on a few key stopover habitats during their migration, notably Mary's Point and Johnson's Mills along Shepody Bay, an arm of the Bay of Fundy.[2] During the months of July and August, the Nature Conservancy of Canada runs an information center about these shorebirds in Johnson's Mills, New Brunswick.[3]
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Semipalmated sandpiper call
 Long Island, NY, April 2004. By Tony Phillip. |
| Problems playing this file? See media help. | |
References
- ↑ BirdLife International (2012). "Calidris pusilla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
- ↑ "Shepody National Wildlife Area". http://www.ec.gc.ca/. Environment Canada. Retrieved 29 April 2014. External link in
|website=(help) - ↑ "NCC: Johnson's Mills Shorebird Reserve and Interpretive Centre". http://www.natureconservancy.ca. Nature Conservancy Canada. Retrieved 9 January 2014. External link in
|website=(help)
Further reading
Identification
- Jonsson, Lars & Peter J. Grant (1984) Identification of stints and peeps British Birds 77(7):293-315
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Semipalmated sandpiper. |
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Wikispecies has information related to: Calidris pusilla |
- Semipalmated sandpiper species sccount - Cornell Lab of Ornithology
- Semipalmated sandpiper - Calidris pusilla - USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter
- Johnson's Mills Shorebird Reserve and Interpretive Centre
- An online identification article covering this species and other small calidrids at surfbirds.com
- Semipalmated sandpiper videos, photos, and sounds at the Internet Bird Collection
- Semipalmated sandpiper photo gallery at VIREO (Drexel University)
- Interactive range map of Calidris pusilla at IUCN Red List maps