Sedum

Sedum Biting Stonecrop (Sedum acre) Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae (unranked): Angiosperms (unranked): Eudicots (unranked): Core eudicots Order: Saxifragales Family: Crassulaceae Subfamily: Sedoideae Tribe: Sedeae Subtribe: Sedinae Genus: Sedum L.[1] Species Many, see text & Wikispecies for more. Synonyms Aithales Webb & Berthel. Aizopsis Grulich Amerosedum Á.Löve & D.Löve Anacampseros Mill. Asterosedum Grulich Breitungia Á.Löve & D.Löve Cepaea Fabr. Chetyson Raf. Clausenellia Á.Löve & D.Löve Cockerellia (R.T.Clausen & N.W.Uhl) Á.Löve & D.Löve Congdonia Jeps. Corynephyllum Rose Diamorpha Nutt. Etiosedum Á.Löve & D.Löve Gormania Britton Helladia M.Král Hjaltalinia Á.Löve & D.Löve Hylotelephium H.Ohba Keratolepis Rose ex Fröd. Lenophyllum Rose Leucosedum Fourr. Macrosepalum Regel & Schmalh. Meterostachys Nakai Mucizonia (DC.) Batt. & Trab. Ohbaea V.V.Byalt & I.V.Sokolova Oreosedum Grulich Parvisedum R.T.Clausen Petrosedum Grulich Phedimus Raf. Pistorinia DC. Poenosedum Holub Procrassula Griseb. Prometheum (A.Berger) H.Ohba Pseudorosularia Gurgen. Sedastrum Rose Sedella Britton & Rose Sedella Fourr., nom. inval. Spathulata (Boriss.) Á.Löve & D.Löve Telmissa Fenzl Tetrorum Rose Triactina Hook.f. & Thomson Sedum acre Sedum caeruleum Sedum dendroideum Sedum glaucophyllum Sedum ochroleucum Sedum reflexum Sedum spathulifolium Sedum stenopetalum Sedum lanceolatum

Sedum is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Crassulaceae, members of which are commonly known as stonecrops. The genus has been described as containing up to 600 species ^[2] of leaf succulents that are found throughout the Northern Hemisphere, varying from annual and creeping herbs to shrubs. The plants have water-storing leaves. The flowers usually have five petals, seldom four or six. There are typically twice as many stamens as petals.

A number of species, formerly classified as Sedum, are now a separate genus Hylotelephium.

Well known European Sedums are Sedum acre, Sedum album, Sedum dasyphyllum, Sedum reflexum (also known as Sedum rupestre) and Sedum hispanicum.

Taxonomy

Sedum demonstrates a wide variation in chromosome numbers, and polyploidy is common. Chromosome number is an important taxonomic feature. ('t Hart 1985)

Species

Linnaeus originally described 16 species of European Sedum.^[3] There are now thought to be approximately 55 European species.^[4]

Formerly placed here

Hylotelephium telephium ssp. maximum, formerly placed in Sedum

Now in Dudleya:

• Dudleya caespitosa (as S. cotyledon)
• Dudleya edulis (as S. edule)

Now in Hylotelephium:

• Hylotelephium spectabile (as S. spectabile)
• Hylotelephium telephioides (as S. telephioides)
• Hylotelephium telephium (as S. carpaticum, S. fabaria or S. telephium)

Now in Rhodiola:

• Rhodiola rhodantha (as S. rhodanthum)
• Rhodiola rosea (as S. rosea, S. rhodiola or S. scopolii)
• Rhodiola pachyclados ( S. pachyclados)

Ecology

Sedum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Grey Chi. In particular, Sedum spathulifolium is the host plant of the endangered San Bruno elfin butterfly of San Mateo County, California.

Uses

Ornamental

Many sedums are cultivated as garden plants, due to their interesting and attractive appearance and hardiness. The various species differ in their requirements; some are cold-hardy but do not tolerate heat, some require heat but do not tolerate cold.

Numerous hybrid cultivars have been developed, of which the following have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:-

• 'Herbstfreude' ('Autumn Joy')^[7]
• 'Bertram Anderson'^[8]
• 'Matrona'^[9]
• 'Ruby Glow'^[10]

As food

Yellow stonecrop flowers

The leaves of most stonecrops are edible,^[11] excepting Sedum rubrotinctum, although toxicity has also been reported in some other species.^[12]

Sedum reflexum, known as "prickmadam", "stone orpine", or "crooked yellow stonecrop", is occasionally used as a salad leaf or herb in Europe, including the United Kingdom.^[13] It has a slightly astringent sour taste.

Sedum divergens, known as "spreading stonecrop", was eaten by First Nations people in Northwest British Columbia. The plant is used as a salad herb by the Haida and the Nisga'a people. It is common in the Nass Valley of British Columbia.^[14]

Biting Stonecrop (Sedum acre) contains high quantities of piperidine alkaloids (namely (+)-sedridine, (−)-sedamine, sedinone and isopelletierine), which give it a sharp, peppery, acrid taste and make it somewhat toxic.

Roofing

Sedum can be used to provide a roof covering in green roofs,^[15] where they are preferred to grasses.^[16] Ford's Dearborn Truck Plant’s living roof has 10.4 acres (42,000 m²) of sedum. Rolls-Royce Motor Cars plant in Goodwood, England, has a 22,500 square metres (242,000 sq ft) roof complex covered in Sedum, the largest in the United Kingdom.^[17] Nintendo of America's roof is covered in some 75,000 square feet of Sedum.^[18]

References

External links

Look up sedum in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Media related to Sedum at Wikimedia Commons
• Data related to Sedum at Wikispecies
•  "Sedum". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911. 
• Drought Smart Plants
• Sedum Society
• Sedum
• Yellow Stonecrop