Seduction community

The seduction community, also known as the pick-up artist or PUA community, is a movement of men whose goal is seduction and sexual success with/access to women. Members of the community are often referred to as "pickup artists" (PUA). The community exists through Internet newsletters and weblogs, marketing (e.g. banner ads, seminars, one-on-one coaching), forums and groups, as well as over a hundred local clubs, known as "lairs".[1]

The rise of "seduction science", "game",[2] or "studied charisma", as it is often called, has been attributed to the "chaotic" modern dating scene reportedly as a result of the increased empowerment and equality of women in western society and changes to traditional gender roles combined with the influence of distinct biological imperatives in men and women.[3] Commentators in the media have described "game" as sexist or misogynistic,[4] acknowledging that the techniques espoused do sometimes succeed in attracting women.[5] Academic researchers have also studied seduction techniques and concluded that they do have a basis in evolutionary psychology.[6][7]

History

The modern seduction movement dates to 1970, with the publication of How To Pick Up Girls! by Eric Weber, credited as the first modern pickup artist.[8][9] However, one self-described "picker-upper of women" preceding Weber was rational emotive psychotherapist Albert Ellis, who wrote The Art of Erotic Seduction, a how-to guide for men that encouraged them to meet women through the "pickup," with Roger Conway in 1967.[10] Ellis claimed he had been practicing seducing female strangers since he overcame his fear of approaching them through "in-vivo desensitization" in Bronx Botanical Garden in the 1930s.[11] The 1970s and 1980s saw independent authors and teachers, but no organized community.

The seduction community itself originated with Ross Jeffries and his students. In the late 1980s, Jeffries taught workshops, promoted a collection of neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) techniques called "speed seduction" (SS), and published a short book of his techniques, How to Get the Women You Desire into Bed.[12][13] Other exponents established themselves in roughly the same era, but lacked contacts with each other. In 1994, Lewis De Payne, then a student of Jeffries, founded the newsgroup alt.seduction.fast (ASF),[14] which marked the birth of the community per se.[12] This then spawned a network of other Internet discussion forums, email lists, blogs, and sites where seduction techniques could be exchanged.[12][15]

The original alt.seduction.fast became overwhelmed with spam, and a group called "Learn the Skills Corporation" developed a moderated alternative known as "Moderated ASF" (commonly "mASF"). During the same period, in the late 1990s, Clifford Lee began his Cliff's List Seduction Letter as a central independent voice of the community.[16]

Other seduction teachers emerged with competing methods, and became known within this community as "seduction gurus" or "gurus".[17] The first commercially successful seduction/pick up book was a manual by Tariq Nasheed (also known as King Flex) entitled The Art Of Mackin, which was released in 2000. Tariq Nasheed went on to write several other seduction/dating books such as The Mack Within: The Holy Book Of Game and The Elite Way:10 Rules Men Must Know In Order To Deal With Women.

The community was brought to greater mainstream awareness with the 1999 drama film Magnolia, in which Tom Cruise portrayed a charismatic yet embittered and emotionally troubled pickup guru who was loosely modeled on Ross Jeffries.[18] In 2005, journalist Neil Strauss wrote The Game: Penetrating the Secret Society of Pickup Artists, an exposé of the seduction community. The Game reached the New York Times Bestseller List, and made known pickup and seduction techniques to a wider audience.[19] The community was further publicized with the television show The Pick Up Artist (2007–2008) on VH1.

Within the community, seduction lairs are underground meeting groups for men devoted to the study of seduction as it is taught in the seduction community. Lairs first began as study groups soon after Ross Jeffries released his first products and began teaching sometime in the early 90s.[20] Hundreds of lairs now exist worldwide.[21] A "lair" typically involves two elements: an online forum and group meetings. These elements are used as resources for men who want to learn to become well-versed in how to successfully attract women.[22]

Concepts

Supporters of this community typically believe that the conventional dating advice for men is flawed. For example, they reject the notion that men should attempt to woo women by spending money on them (e.g. buying drinks, presents, jewelry), calling it supplication.

Many members of the seduction community work on their "game" (seduction skills) by improving their understanding of psychology, their confidence and self-esteem (termed "inner game"), and their social skills and physical appearance (physical fitness, fashion sense, grooming) ("outer game"). Many members of the community believe that one's "game" is refined through regular practice,[23] with the idea that the abilities needed to interact in this way with women can be improved.

The seduction community has a unique set of acronyms and jargon for describing male–female dynamics and social interaction.[17] For example, 'AFC' ("average frustrated chump") is a term coined by Ross Jeffries to describe males who are typically clueless and incompetent with women.[12] Alpha-Male Of the Group (AMOG): a reference to a competing male, who is usually either befriended by the PUA, or, if necessary, ridiculed.

The community claims that the above-mentioned concepts derive from scientific disciplines, such as the concept of social proof from the psychology of influence, and various concepts from sociobiology and evolutionary psychology (such as the term "alpha male"). Up until recently there has been very little in the way of direct scientific proof that learning these techniques can create success with women, aside from a study by German researcher Andres Baranowski,[24] who trained participants in these techniques - and found that this training did improve participants skills in dating.

Pickup artist

A pickup artist (commonly abbreviated PUA) is a person who practices finding, attracting, and seducing sexual partners. Such a person purportedly abides by a certain system deemed effective by that community in their attempts to seduce partners.

The use of pickup in this context, slang for making a casual acquaintance with a stranger in anticipation of sexual relations, dates from at least World War II, as attested by antiprostitution posters.[25][26] The phrase was also popularized by the 1970 book How to Pick Up Girls by Eric Weber,[27] Pick-Up Times, a short-lived 1970s magazine, and the 1987 semi-autobiographical romantic comedy The Pick-up Artist, written and directed by James Toback.[28] More recent works of pickup artist culture include Neil Strauss's book, The Game: Penetrating the Secret Society of Pickup Artists, and the 2007 VH1 reality television series, The Pickup Artist, starring the pickup artist Mystery (Erik von Markovik). The pickup artist Roosh V has self-published 14 books describing techniques for seducing women.[29] According to Salon, such books are the "cash cow" of the pickup industry.[30]

The term pickup artist is also associated with the seduction community, a heterosexual male subculture which strives to improve sexual and romantic abilities with women. Routines and gambits are developed to stimulate purported "attraction switches," often combined with techniques derived from an alleged form of hypnosis called neuro-linguistic programming.[31] Members aim to improve their seductive capabilities through the development of various lifestyles. The culture surrounding pickup has spawned an entire industry servicing those who want to improve their social and seduction skills with consultations and in-field training.

Pickup artists receive mixed to negative responses from the press and general public, with many regarding both the practice and theory as immoral, sexist and ineffective. In 2014, following widely supported public petitions, U.S.-based PUA speaker and instructor Julien Blanc was denied entry to both the United Kingdom and Australia after he published youtube videos explaining and demonstrating behaviors such as grabbing women by the throat, and forcing their heads towards his crotch.[32][33][34]

Pickup artists have also been parodied, as in the March 2011 The Scott Mills Show. BBC Radio 1 debated Neil Strauss' The Game on many shows.[35]

Pickup is often divided into different styles, referred to as "outergame," "innergame," "direct game," and "indirect game." [36]

Psychologist Dr. Petra Boynton has stated that there is "no evidence of effectiveness" for any claims of pickup artists.[37] Research by Nathan Oesch of the University of Oxford Department of Experimental Psychology, however, confirmed attraction and seduction principles, as described in Strauss' books on the subject, do have a factual basis in social, physiological and evolutionary psychology.[6]

Despite primarily being a male movement, there are also female pick-up artists who use similar techniques to seduce men.[38]

Practices

In The Game, Neil Strauss documents various practices that occur in the seduction community. Members of the community believe in achieving success with women through (what they believe to be) scientific and empirical means, rather than by relying on good looks or intuitive instinct, or by following societal courtship conventions. The practice of going out with the purpose of meeting women is known as "sarging", a term coined by Ross Jeffries, after his cat "Sarge". A pickup artist can "sarge" alone, or with a wingman.[39]

"Negging" has been described as the practice of giving a woman a backhanded compliment such as "nice nails -- are they real?", to weaken her confidence and therefore render her more vulnerable to seduction,[40] or that depriving a woman of obsequious validation and attention will influence her to seek it from the man who negs her.[41] Conor Friedersdorf lambasted the use of negging by pick-up artists, but admitted that, based on his observations, negging did appear to be effective at generating attraction from some women.[5][42][43][44] A 2009 science study found that men giving negative attention to "high social anxiety" women produced more positive behavior in the women than if the men treated them nicely.[45]

"Pawning" is trading or discarding an unwanted woman as proof of the PUA's own social value, and "going caveman" is escalating physical contact while reducing verbal contact.[46]

One constellation of PUA techniques, called "Last Minute Resistance" tactics (LMR tactics), is designed to convince a woman to have sex after she has indicated that she doesn't want to.[47]

Approaching and opening

Pickup artists generally assume the mindset that women are passive and will not initiate contact, requiring men to begin any interaction by approaching them, but many have also cultivated a sensitivity to direct and indirect signals of possible sexual interest.

Members of the seduction community often practice approaching and opening repetitively; some have done thousands of approaches. Strauss describes a pickup artist who did 125 approaches in one day.[48]

Criticism

The PUA movement has been described as sexist,[49] misogynist[50] pseudoscience,[51][52][53][54] and subterfuge [55]

Roosh V has been called hateful and a misogynist for his views on women and sex by the Southern Poverty Law Center,[56] though writers at Reason and National Review mocked his inclusion.[57][58]

Feminist BDSM writer and activist Clarisse Thorn, author of Confessions of a Pickup Artist Chaser: Long Interviews with Hideous Men, criticizes the PUA community as frequently "absurd and sexist," "pushy and problematic" and encouraging adversarial gender roles. However, she also argues that PUA tactics are worth understanding because they are not unique to the PUA community, but instead represent society-wide beliefs and patterns and strategies of human sexual behaviour.[47] The UCLA Center for the Study of Women argues that PUA culture is misogynist, and exists on a continuum of sexist behaviours and attitudes that includes rape and murder.[59]

Professional dating coach, radio personality and self help book author Alan Roger Currie has frequently criticized the seduction community and many of the misleading and manipulative tactics espoused by many of the more popular pickup artists. Currie is specifically critical of men giving women the misleading impression that they are interested in engaging in a long-term, emotionally profound, monogamous romantic relationship when those men know in reality that they are really seeking to engage in some form of short-term, non-monogamous, casual sex with these same women.[60]

After 48-year-old systems analyst George Sodini killed three women and himself in the 2009 Collier Township shooting, media asked whether he had been influenced by his involvement in the PUA community.[61]

Media coverage

The seduction community has received increased media attention,[62][63][64][65] since the publication of Neil Strauss' article on the community in The New York Times,[12] and his memoir The Game. Response to the seduction community has been varied; it has been called misogynistic, and a review of The Game in the San Francisco Chronicle characterized the community as "a puerile cult of sexual conquest," and calls its tactics "sinister" and "pathetic."[65][66] According to the review, "if women in the book are sometimes treated as a commodity, they come out looking better than the men, who can be downright loathsome—and show themselves eventually to be pretty sad, dysfunctional characters."

Feminists tend to be critical of the seduction community. Beatrix Campbell has stated that The Game "sexually objectifies women," arguing that "Nowhere from its description do you get a sense of men being helped to be human in an easy and agreeable way...it's not about having any rapport or relationship... the only thing that will help them in relationships is empathy and liking women."[67]

According to an article in Eye Weekly, some feminists believe that pickup "isn't just cheesy; it's offensive."[68] The article cites a proposal put forward by a feministblogs.org writer as an alternative to the formula used by expert PUAs: "Shake my hand. [Say] 'Hi, my name is ...' Treat me like a human being. Avoid seeing women as conquests and men as competition."

An article in the Houston Press claimed that the seduction community "isn't the lechfest it might sound like." The article quotes the webmaster of confidentup.com defending the community: "It's no more deceptive than push-up bras or heels or going to the gym to work out…This isn't just a game of words and seduction, it's an overall life improvement."[69] Strauss says, "I really think all of these routines and manipulations are just a way for a guy to get his foot in the door so that if a woman connects with him, she can still choose him," and that seduction techniques "can be used for good or evil!"[23][64] He argues that "women are incredibly intuitive—the creepy guys with bad intentions don't do nearly as well as the guys who love and respect women."[65]

Several writers describe observing men in the seduction community first-hand. Some women recount experiences with men they believed to be pickup artists who tried to "pick them up," and some men recount trying out pickup techniques. Catherine Townsend, writing for The Independent, describes a negative experience with a man she believed was a pickup artist and used a lot of "negs" on her: "The problem is that some guys clearly don't know when to quit."[70]

An article in San Francisco Magazine recounts the experience the blogger "Dolly," who is the author of the popular sex blog The Truth about Cocks and Dolls, had with the seduction community. According to the article, Dolly was:

[...] put off by PUAs at first. But after she met more, including two from San Francisco, she wrote a letter to the Village Voice defending them, in response to the paper’s negative article on the subject in March. “PUAs try to create a fun, positive, and exciting experience for the woman,” Dolly wrote. “The credo many follow is ‘Leave her better than you found her.’ What’s so bad about that? That they want to get laid, too? Guess what? Guys have always wanted sex and will continue to want sex. You can’t fault them for finally discovering methods that are successful.
— [71]

After spending three days immersed in a Mystery Method Corp (now Love Systems) seminar, Gene Weingarten expressed his uneasiness about "a step by step tutorial for men in how to pick up women, make them comfortable in your presence, and bed them, ideally within seven hours of your first meeting" and wondered aloud, "Is there something inherently wrong with the notion of seduction as a classroom-taught skill, complete with a long hierarchy of 'lines' that work, seemingly spontaneous topics of conversation that are anything but spontaneous, tricks for seeming 'vulnerable', and tips on how to behave so as to deliver subtle but effective nonverbal inducements to intimacy?"[72]

For an article for the Times Online, Hugo Rifkind participated in a seminar by Neil Strauss. Rifkind describes initially struggling with seduction techniques, eventually learning to attract women's interest, and then feeling guilty. Rifkind writes, "After a little more practice, my 'game' is improving dramatically. I can open with fluency, and there's an injection of confidence which comes from knowing exactly what you are going to say next." When he attracts a woman's attention, "she is—quite honestly—looking at me like I'm the most fascinating person she's ever met. As a human being and, perhaps more crucially, as somebody with a girlfriend, I feel like absolute scum."

Commercialization

The media attention and rapid growth of the seduction community has led to commercialization and competition. Teachers of seduction tactics sell workshops, books, e-books, DVDs, and CDs over the internet. In The Game, Strauss describes the competition between seduction gurus. In The Journal, teaching of these seduction methods is shown by way of 50+ examples.

Academic research

An academic paper on the community, published in 2012 by Eric C. Hendriks in the journal Cultural Analysis, details the value system guiding successful members of the Seduction Community based on an international study including participant observation of bootcamp and "lair" meetings in Germany."[73] The article argues that the values of successful practitioners of the "Venusian Arts" are informed by an intertwining of "hedonistic goals and diffused forms of innerworldly asceticism."[73] According to the article, the hedonistic goal of sexual satisfaction interacts in a complex fashion with a set of "disciplinarian and ascetic values,"[73] and the author stresses that these disciplinarian and ascetic values are central to the value system of performant practitioners, even though the marketing of seduction gurus often promises an easy, effortless "quick fix."

Research by Nathan Oesch of the University of Oxford Department of Experimental Psychology confirmed attraction and seduction principles, as described in Strauss' books on the subject, do have a factual basis in social, physiological and evolutionary psychology.[6]

See also

Notable books

References

  1. ↑ "Winging it". The Age. 29 January 2007. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
  2. ↑ Love, Dylan (September 15, 2013). "Inside Red Pill, The Weird New Cult For Men Who Don't Understand Women". Business Insider. Retrieved April 1, 2015.
  3. ↑ Hymowitz, Kay S., "Love in the Time of Darwinism", City Journal, Autumn 2008
  4. ↑ Singal, Jesse (28 May 2014). "There’s a Difference Between Misogyny and Severe Mental Illness". New York magazine. Retrieved 9 June 2014.
  5. 1 2 Friedersdorf, Conor (22 July 2009). "Some I Insult, Some I Let Go". True/Slant. Archived from the original on 2 February 2010. Retrieved 23 December 2015.
  6. 1 2 3 Oesch, Nathan, "The Dating Mind: Evolutionary Psychology and the Emerging Science of Human Courtship", Evolutionary Psychology, 2012. 10(5): 899-909
  7. ↑ Whitbourne, Susan Krauss, "How to Spot a Manipulator", Psychology Today, 17 June 2014
  8. ↑ Strauss 2005, p. 430.
  9. ↑ Weber, Eric (1970), How to Pick Up Girls!: Discover Exactly how to Meet Beautiful Women. In Bars, Buses, Trains — even on the Street! The Fool Proof Guide to Meeting Women without a Formal Introduction, Symphony Press, Incorporated, p. 110, ISBN 978-0-91409400-5
  10. ↑ Ellis, Albert; Conway, Roger (1967). The art of erotic seduction. New York: Lyle Stuart.
  11. ↑ Ellis, Albert; Joffe-Ellis, Debbie (2010). All out! : an autobiography. Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus Books. ISBN 9781591024521.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 Strauss, Neil (25 January 2004). "He Aims! He Shoots! Yes!!". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 12 May 2011. Retrieved 12 May 2011.
  13. ↑ Jeffries, Ross (September 1992), How to Get the Women You Desire into Bed, Jeffries Pub, p. 80, ISBN 978-0-96303790-9
  14. ↑ Jay Valens (3 March 2002). "alt.seduction.fast FAQ and history". Retrieved 16 December 2010.
  15. ↑ Bill Forman (8 February 2006). "Working Overtime on the Seduction Line". Metroactive. Metro Publishing Inc. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
  16. ↑ Jenny Yuen (13 April 2008). "Disgraced doctor is T.O's seduction guru". Toronto Sun. Sun Media. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
  17. 1 2 Kristian Gravenor (14 July 2005). "Seduction for Dummies". Montreal Mirror. Communications Gratte-Ciel Ltée. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
  18. ↑ Konow, David (January/February 2000). "PTA Meeting: An Interview with Paul Thomas Anderson". Creative Screenwriting.
  19. ↑ Aimee Levitt (9 April 2008). "Cock and Awe". Riverfront Times. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
  20. ↑ Alex Molotkow (2 April 2008). "Portrait of a Pickup Artist". Eye Weekly. Star Media Group. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
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  22. ↑ Neil Strauss (25 January 2004). "From Chump to Pickup Artist via 'The Community'". Herald-Journal. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
  23. 1 2 George Lianne (29 August 2005). "Q&A with Author Neil Strauss". Maclean's. Kenneth Whyte. Retrieved 27 November 2010.
  24. ↑ http://www.buzzfeed.com/annanorth/study-pickup-artist-training-works-but-makes-you
  25. ↑ "Them days is gone forever", Media library (poster), University of Minnesota.
  26. ↑ "If you want to drop bombs to the set of the rising Sun…", Media library (poster), University of Minnesota
  27. ↑ Weber, Eric (1970), How to Pick Up Girls (1st ed.), Tenafly, NJ, USA: Symphony Press.
  28. ↑ Strauss (2005), pp. 124, 144.
  29. ↑ Jule Banville, "Blogger Stud Living in Dad’s Basement, Writing Second Book on How to Get Laid", "Washington City Paper", 2008
  30. ↑ Lu, Peter (2011-09-20). "Simple Pickup: Are these the greatest pickup artists of all time?". Salon.com. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  31. ↑ Tom Chivers (14 January 2010). "Pick-up artists, online seduction and dating tips". UK: The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
  32. ↑ Sullivan, Gail (10 November 2014). "'Dating coach' Julien Blanc kicked out of Australia for crude 'pick-up' schtick". Washington Post. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  33. ↑ "Julien Blanc: UK denies visa to 'pick-up artist'". BBC News. 19 November 2014. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  34. ↑ Gibson, Megan (12 November 2014). "Is This the Most Hated Man in the World?". Time. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  35. ↑ "Radio 1". UK: The BBC.
  36. ↑ http://postmasculine.com/pickup-artist
  37. ↑ Chivers, Tom (14 January 2010). "Pick-up artists, online seduction and dating tips". The Daily Telegraph (London).
  38. ↑ "It Happened To Me: I'm A Female Pick-Up Artist Who Studied Under Neil Strauss and Mystery".
  39. ↑ Megan McArdle (12 July 2010). "Pickup Artists: The Girliest of Men". The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
  40. ↑ Baker, Katie J.M. (Fall 2013). "Cockblocked by Redistribution: A Pick-up Artist in Denmark". Dissent Magazine. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
  41. ↑ Belknap, S. G. "Love in the Age of the Pickup Artist", The Point, 2014
  42. ↑ Friedersdorf, Conor, "Dating and Deception", The Atlantic, 22 July 2009
  43. ↑ Friedersdorf, Conor, ""The Neg" Cont'd", The Atlantic, 24 July 2009
  44. ↑ Friedersdorf, Conor, "Stop Negging Them On!", The American Scene, 8 August 2009
  45. ↑ GAYLEBECK, J., DAVILA, J., FARROW, S., & GRANT, D. (2006). When the heat is on: Romantic partner responses influence distress in socially anxious women Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44 (5), 737-748 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2005.05.004. Discussed online at Munger, Dave, "When are highly-anxious women most anxious? When you least expect it", ScienceBlogs, 2 July 2009
  46. ↑ Koziol, Michael (28 May 2014). "Elliot Rodger and the creepy world of the pick-up artist". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
  47. 1 2 Kaufman, Scott Barry (1 June 2012). "Interview with Pickup Artist Chaser Clarisse Thorn". Psychology Today. Retrieved 9 June 2014.
  48. ↑ Strauss, p. 298
  49. ↑ Marcotte, Amanda (25 May 2014). "How 'Pick-Up Artist' Philosophy and Its More Misogynist Backlash Shaped Mind of Alleged Killer Elliot Rodger". American Prospect. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
  50. ↑ Dvorak, Petula (26 May 2014). "#YesAllWomen: Elliot Rodger’s misogynistic ravings inspire a powerful response on Twitter". Washington Post. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
  51. ↑ Steadman, Ian (6 June 2014). "The Sexist Pseudoscience of Pick-Up Artists: The Dangers of "Alpha Male" Thinking". New Republic. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
  52. ↑ Dewey, Caitlin (27 May 2014). "Inside the ‘manosphere’ that inspired Santa Barbara shooter Elliot Rodger". Washington Post. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
  53. ↑ Fogg, Ally (24 June 2013). "Why I have no truck with the art of the pick-up". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
  54. ↑ Steadman, Ian (4 June 2014). "The sexist pseudoscience of pick-up artists: the dangers of "alpha male" thinking". New Statesman. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
  55. ↑ http://www.seduction-technique.com/
  56. ↑ "Misogyny: The Sites". Intelligence Report. SPLC. Spring 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  57. ↑ Mike Riggs, "The Southern Poverty Law Center Is Now Writing About Pickup Artists as Hate Groups", Reason, 9 March 2012
  58. ↑ The Corner, "What's after 'Jumping the Shark'?", National Review, 9 March 2012
  59. ↑ Rodríguez, Gilda (December 2010). "From Misogyny to Murder: Everyday Sexism and Femicide in Cross-Cultural Context". CSW Update (UCLA Center for the Study of Women). Retrieved 9 June 2014.
  60. ↑ Upfront & Straightforward (12 July 2012). "The Pros and Cons of approaching women using 'direct game' vs. 'indirect game'". BlogTalkRadio (Podcast). Mode One Multimedia, Inc. Retrieved 19 March 2015.
  61. ↑ Clark-Flory, Tracy (6 August 2009). "Pickup artists: Gym shooter is one of us". Salon magazine. Retrieved 9 June 2014.
  62. ↑ Deborah Netburn (31 August 2005). "Danger: pickup artists ahead". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 27 November 2010.
  63. ↑ Hugo Rifkind (3 September 2005). "Operation pick-up". The Sunday Times. Retrieved 27 November 2010.
  64. 1 2 Liese Spencer (12 September 2005). "Revealed: the dark arts of the ladykiller". The Scotsman. Retrieved 27 November 2010.
  65. 1 2 3 Ganahl, Jane (25 November 2005). "Ahead of the game". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 22 December 2006.
  66. ↑ Rafael Behr (25 September 2005). "Girls, if you see this man, run a mile". The Observer. Retrieved 27 November 2010.
  67. ↑ Johnson, Andrew (28 August 2005). "Passing on 'foolproof' pick-up tips. Is this 'grooming' for adults?". The Independent (London). Retrieved 22 December 2006.
  68. ↑ Morris, Dave (13 October 2005). "Get laid, get fucked". Eye Weekly. Archived from the original on 26 June 2006. Retrieved 22 December 2006.
  69. ↑ Malisow, Craig (2 June 2005). "Keeping Score". Houston Press. Retrieved 27 October 2009.
  70. ↑ Townsend, Catherine (28 March 2006). "Sleeping Around". The Independent (London). Retrieved 22 December 2006.
  71. ↑ Yogis, Jaimal (2006). "What does it take to get a date in this town?". San Francisco Magazine. Archived from the original on 21 October 2006. Retrieved 22 December 2006.
  72. ↑ Gene Weingarten (5 March 2008). "The Gene Pool: Sex and Deceit". The Washington Post. Katharine Weymouth. Retrieved 27 November 2010.
  73. 1 2 3 http://socrates.berkeley.edu/~caforum/volume11/vol11_Hendriks.html
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