SCUMM

Maniac Mansion (1987) on the Commodore 64, the game for which the SCUMM system was originally designed.

Script Creation Utility for Maniac Mansion (SCUMM) is a video game engine developed at Lucasfilm Games (later known as LucasArts) to ease development on their first graphic adventure game Maniac Mansion (1987). It was subsequently used as the engine for later LucasArts adventure games.

It falls somewhere between a game engine and a programming language, allowing designers to create locations, items and dialogue sequences without writing code in the language in which the game source code ends up. This also allowed the game's script and data files to be re-used across various platforms. SCUMM is also a host for embedded game engines such as iMUSE (standing for Interactive MUsic Streaming Engine), INSANE (standing for INteractive Streaming ANimation Engine), CYST (in-game animation engine), FLEM (places and names object inside a room), and MMUCUS. SCUMM has been released on the following platforms: 3DO, Amiga, Apple II, Atari ST, CDTV, Commodore 64, Fujitsu Towns & Marty, Apple Macintosh, Nintendo Entertainment System, DOS, Microsoft Windows, Sega Mega-CD and TurboGrafx-16/PC Engine.

History

The original version was coded by Aric Wilmunder, Chip Morningstar and Ron Gilbert in 1987,^[1] with later versions enhanced by Aric Wilmunder (a.k.a. the SCUMM Lord) and various others.

SCUMM was subsequently reused in many later LucasArts adventure games being both updated and rewritten several times. LucasArts finally abandoned the SCUMM engine in 1998 when they switched to GrimE, using the free software scripting language Lua, for the games Grim Fandango and Escape from Monkey Island.

Design

Most SCUMM games feature a verb–object design paradigm. The player-controlled character has an inventory, and the game world is littered with objects with which the player can interact, using a variety of verbs — a large collection of these featured in the early games, but by Full Throttle (1995) and The Curse of Monkey Island (1997) these had been whittled down to using one's eyes (to "look"), hands (to "use", "pick up", "push", "pull", etc.), or mouth ("talk", "consume", "inhale").

Loom (1990) replaces the conventional SCUMM interface of verbs with spells played on a musical distaff.

Puzzles generally involve using the right verb action with the appropriate object — "use biscuit cutter with rubber tree," for example. "Talk to" commonly produces dialogue sequences, in which the player selects from a list of predefined questions or comments, and the character they are talking to replies with a predefined response.

The notable exception to this general paradigm is Loom (1990), which does not use the standard verb–object interface, but replaces most actions with a selection of spells played on an instrument.

Reimplementation

Compiler

ScummC is a set of tools (including a script and a costume compiler, a walkboxes editor, charset, graphics, audio and midi tools), able to compile its own JavaScript-like language into SCUMM v6 bytecode, runnable as is in ScummVM. It allows anyone who's skilled enough to create completely new and original SCUMM games, with features on par with Day of the Tentacle and Sam & Max Hit the Road.^[2]

A similar project known as ScummGEN aims to achieve the same thing, with user friendly tools.^[3]

Scummbler is a compiler for SCUMM bytecode, for versions 3 to 5 of the SCUMM engine.^[4] It uses scripts decompiled from the original game files, retrieved using a combination of an unpacking tool like ScummPacker^[5] (also by the author of Scummbler), and the descumm tool from ScummVM. These scripts can be re-inserted into the original game files, making it ideal for modifying existing games, such as for translation purposes. Also available are an image encoder/decoder,^[6] and a tool to assist in mapping speech files to text.^[7]

Interpreters

ScummVM is a free and open source software project to make a portable, SDL-library based, SCUMM-engine client which allows many of the SCUMM-engine games to be played on systems where the original versions will not work or have trouble operating, including modern Windows and Macintosh systems, Linux (including portable handhelds — Android, GP2X, GP2X Wiz, Maemo, etc.), BeOS/Haiku OS, AmigaOS (3.x, 4.0, and its clones MorphOS and AROS), Palm OS, Windows Mobile (Pocket PC), Dreamcast, PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable, Nintendo DS, Wii, Symbian (SeriesXX and UIQ), iOS (iPad, iPhone, iPod Touch), webOS and QNX/Playbook platforms.^[8]

scvm is a SCUMM interpreter developed by the ScummC author.^[9] As of April 2008, it is in a prototype state, and is meant to become a script debugger for ScummC development. hiscumm is an attempt to port scvm plus some bits of ScummVM to the Haxe platform, in order to produce an interpreter with an Adobe Flash backend.^[10][11]

References and in-jokes

In-joke references were a common feature of LucasArts adventure games. Developers used the name of their engine for comical effect in several games.

"Razor and the Scummettes", a punk band mentioned in Maniac Mansion, and the "SCUMM bar" in The Secret of Monkey Island are both named after the scripting language. In Escape from Monkey Island, victim of a hostile takeover, the "SCUMM bar" becomes the "Lua bar", a nod to the programming language which replaced the engine used for the prior games. SCUMM is also listed in the ingredients of grog, in the first opus of the Monkey Island saga.

SPU^TM is the name of the script interpreter, CYST is an animation engine, FLEM places and names objects in rooms and MMUCUS^[12] is yet another engine part. The successor to SCUMM as an adventure game engine at LucasArts was named GrimE (for Grim Fandango's Engine).^[13]

See also

• Adventure Game Interpreter
• Sierra's Creative Interpreter
• Z-machine

References

External links

• SCUMM history