P-500 Bazalt

P-500 Bazalt / P-1000 Vulkan (NATO reporting name: SS-N-12 'Sandbox')
Eight SS-N-12 launchers on the aircraft carrier Kiev
Type	Sub- or surface-to-surface missile
Place of origin	Soviet Union
Service history
In service	Since 1975
Used by	Soviet Union, Russia
Production history
Designer	OKB-52/NPO Mashinostroyeniya Chelomey
Designed	1963-1974
Manufacturer	P.A. Strela
Produced	1970–1987 (P-500) 1985–1992 (P-1000)^[1]
Specifications
Weight	4,800 kg (10,600 lb)
Length	11.7 meter
Diameter	0.88 meter
Warhead	High-explosive or nuclear
Warhead weight	1,000 kg (2,205 lb) (P-500)
Blast yield	350 kt

Engine	turbojet
Wingspan	2.6 meter
Operational range	550 km (300 nmi) (P-500)
Flight altitude	50-5.000 meter
Speed	Mach 2.5
Guidance system	Semi-active radar homing, terminal active radar homing
Accuracy	300-700 meter
Launch platform	Echo II & Juliett submarines Kiev & Slava class ships

The P-500 Bazalt (Russian: П-500 «Базальт»; English: basalt) is a turbojet-powered, supersonic cruise missile used by the Soviet and Russian navies. Its GRAU designation is 4K80^[2] and its NATO reporting name is SS-N-12 Sandbox , modern version is P-1000 Vulkan AShM SLCM .

History

Eight pairs of P-500 canisters are a distinctive feature of Slava class cruisers; the Varyag (pictured) have been upgraded to the P-1000 Vulkan.

Developed by OKB-52 MAP (later NPO Mashinostroyeniye), it entered service to replace the SS-N-3 Shaddock. The P-500 Bazalt was first deployed in 1975 on the Soviet aircraft carrier Kiev, and was later added to both the Echo II class submarine and the Juliett class submarine. A version of the P-500 Bazalt with improved guidance and engines is used on the Slava class cruiser. The sixteen launchers dominate the decks of the class.

Description

The P-500 Bazalt has a 550 km range and a payload of 1,000 kg, which allows it to carry a 350 kt nuclear or a 950 kg semi-armor-piercing high-explosive warhead. The P-500 Bazalt uses active radar homing for terminal guidance, and can receive mid-course correction from the Tupolev Tu-95RTs Bear D, the Kamov Ka-25K Hormone B and the Kamov Ka-31.

The missiles were intended to be used in salvos; a submarine could launch eight in rapid succession, maintaining control of each through a separate datalink. In flight the group could co-ordinate their actions; one would fly to a higher altitude and use its active radar to search for targets, forwarding this data to the other missiles which remained at low altitude. The missiles were programmed so that half of a salvo would head for a carrier target, with the rest dividing between other ships. If the high-flying missile was shot down, another from the salvo would automatically pop up to take its place. All of the missiles would switch to active radar for the terminal phase of the attack.^[3]

P-1000 Vulkan

An improved version of the P-500 was installed on three Echo II submarines towards the end of the Cold War.^[4] The P-1000 Vulkan (GRAU 3M70) presumably has the same firing range and maximum speed with the P-500 Bazalt. The missile weight was increased by 1-2 tons. The missile has a turbojet engine and a starting powder accelerator. High-altitude flight regimes are presumably the same as that of P-500.^[5]

The P-1000 was ordered on 15 May 1979^[4] from NPO Mashinostroyeniya Chelomey;^[4] it first flew in July 1982^[4] and was accepted for service on 18 December 1987.^[4] It was installed on three Echo II submarines of the Northern Fleet between 1987 and 1993; the conversion of two units of the Pacific Fleet, the K-10 and K-34, was abandoned due to lack of funds.^[4] Of the submarines that did receive the P-1000, the K-1 was decommissioned after a reactor accident in 1989, the K-35 was stricken in 1993 and the K-22 in 1995.^[4] The P-1000 has been installed on the Slava class cruiser Varyag,^[6] and some sources report P-1000 missiles on her sister ship Moskva.^[7]

Related developments

The P-700 Granit (NATO reporting name SS-N-19 Shipwreck) was partially based on the SS-N-12, but with a significantly modified airframe. The avionics, however, are very similar.

Operators

Bazalt sketch

Current

Russia

Russian Navy

Former

Soviet Union

Soviet Navy

Fourteen Echo II submarines were upgraded to carry the P-500, and three of those went on to receive the P-1000 Vulkan.

References

↑ "Продукция ПО «Стрела»". Retrieved 8 October 2015.
↑ (Russian) P-500 Bazalt
↑ Soviet-Russian Naval Cruise Missiles
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Friedman, Norman (1997). The Naval Institute guide to world naval weapons systems, 1997-1998. Naval Institute Press. p. 246.
↑ Administrator. "Противокорабельная крылатая ракета «Вулкан»". Retrieved 8 October 2015.
↑ "Russian troops' combat readiness enhanced: defense minister". Retrieved 8 October 2015.
↑ "US Navy’s presence counters Russia’s Black Sea fleet". Georgia Today (566). 17 June 2011.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to P-500 Bazalt.

NATO designation for Russian and former Soviet Union missiles

Air-to-air missiles complete list

AA-1 Alkali AA-2 Atoll AA-3 Anab AA-4 Awl AA-5 Ash AA-6 Acrid AA-7 Apex AA-8 Aphid AA-9 Amos AA-10 Alamo AA-11 Archer AA-12 Adder AA-13 Arrow

Air-to-surface missiles complete list

AS-1 Kennel AS-2 Kipper AS-3 Kangaroo AS-4 Kitchen AS-5 Kelt AS-6 Kingfish AS-7 Kerry AS-8 Kokon AT-6 AS-9 Kyle AS-10 Karen AS-11 Kilter AS-12 Kegler AS-13 Kingbolt AS-14 Kedge AS-15 Kent AS-16 Kickback AS-17 Krypton AS-18 Kazoo AS-X-19 Koala AS-20 Kayak AS-X-21 AS-22 AS-23 AS-24

Anti-tank missiles complete list

AT-1 Snapper AT-2 Swatter AT-3 Sagger AT-4 Spigot AT-5 Spandrel AT-6 Spiral AT-7 Saxhorn AT-8 Songster AT-9 Spiral-2 AT-10 Stabber AT-11 Sniper AT-12 Swinger AT-13 Saxhorn-2 АТ-14 Spriggan АТ-15 Springer AT-16 Scallion

Ground based	SA-1 Guild SA-2 Guideline SA-3 Goa SA-4 Ganef SA-5 Gammon SA-6 Gainful SA-7 Grail SA-8 Gecko SA-9 Gaskin SA-10 Grumble SA-11 Gadfly SA-12 Gladiator/Giant SA-13 Gopher SA-14 Gremlin SA-15 Gauntlet SA-16 Gimlet SA-17 Grizzly SA-18 Grouse SA-19 Grison SA-20 Gargoyle SA-21 Growler SA-22 Greyhound SA-23 Gladiator/Giant SA-24 Grinch Morfey S-350E

Naval based	SA-N-1 Goa SA-N-2 Guideline SA-N-3 Goblet SA-N-4 Gecko SA-N-5 Grail SA-N-6 Grumble SA-N-7 Gadfly SA-N-8 Gremlin SA-N-9 Gauntlet SA-N-10 Grouse SA-N-11 Grison SA-N-12 Grizzly SA-N-14 Grouse SA-N-20 Gargoyle

ABMs	ABM-1 Galosh ABM-3/53T6 Gazelle S-500

Ground based	SS-1 Scud SS-2 Sibling SS-3 Shyster SS-4 Sandal SS-5 Skean SS-6 Sapwood SS-7 Saddler SS-8 Sasin SS-9 Scarp SS-10 Scrag SS-11 Sego SS-12 Scaleboard SS-13 Savage SS-14 Scamp/Scapegoat SS-15 Scrooge SS-16 Sinner SS-17 Spanker SS-18 Satan SS-19 Stiletto SS-20 Saber SS-21 Scarab SS-22 Scaleboard SS-23 Spider SS-24 Scalpel SS-25 Sickle SS-26 Stone SS-27 Sickle B SS-28 Saber 2 SS-29 Yars SS-X-31 Rubezh SS-X-32Zh Barguzin SS-X-30 Sarmat

Naval based	SS-N-1 Scrubber SS-N-2 Styx SS-N-3c Shaddock SS-N-3a Shaddock 3b Sepal SS-N-4 Sark SS-N-5 Sark/Serb SS-N-6 Serb SS-N-7 Starbright SS-N-8 Sawfly SS-N-9 Siren SS-N-12 Sandbox SS-NX-13 SS-N-14 Silex SS-N-15 Starfish SS-N-16 Stallion SS-N-17 Snipe SS-N-18 Stingray SS-N-19 Shipwreck SS-NX-20 Sturgeon SS-N-21 Sampson SS-N-22 Sunburn SS-N-23 Skiff R29RM SS-N-23A Skiff SS-N-23B Skiff SS-NX-24 Scorpion SS-N-25 Switchblade SS-N-26 Strobile SS-N-27 Sizzler SS-N-30A 3M-14 SS-NX-28 SS-N-29 SS-N-32 SS-NX-30? SS-NX-34

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Monday, December 07, 2015. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.