Roland Gwynne

Roland Vaughan Gwynne
46th Mayor of Eastbourne
In office 1928–1931
Preceded by	Alderman Miss A Hudson
Succeeded by	Mr Alderman L Maclachlan
Personal details
Born	16 May 1882
Died	15 November 1971 (aged 89) Eastbourne, Sussex
Nationality	British
Political party	Conservative
Residence	Folkington Manor

Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Roland Vaughan Gwynne, DSO, DL, JP (16 May 1882 – 15 November 1971) was Mayor of Eastbourne, Sussex, from 1928 to 1931. He was also a patient and close friend of the suspected serial killer Dr John Bodkin Adams.

Childhood

Gwynne's father made a fortune in the nineteenth century from an engineering business, Gwynnes Limited, and bought estates in Sussex with the proceeds. Gwynne's mother, May, was 41 when he was born. He was the last of nine children (though two had died). Until the age of 13, he was dressed by his mother as a girl in frocks, with bows, necklaces and long ringlets.^[1] He was educated privately before being sent to Trinity Hall, Cambridge.^[2]

The renowned harpsichordist Violet Gordon-Woodhouse was one of his sisters. One brother, Rupert, was Member of Parliament for Eastbourne from 1910 until his death in 1924; his daughter was the celebrated cookery writer Elizabeth David.

Career

After university he served in the honorary post of Judge's Marshal. On 2 April 1904 he was commissioned a Second Lieutenant in the Sussex Yeomanry^[3] and made Lieutenant on 1 April 1908.^[4] In 1904 Gwynne aided Viscount Turnour in his maiden election campaign in the constituency of Horsham, which Turnour then held for the next 47 years.^[5] In 1910 Gwynne was called to the Bar at the Inner Temple, where he practised in the Probate and Divorce Division.^[6]

The First World War broke out when Gwynne was 32. He was sent a white feather, a symbol of cowardice, by a "friend of the family"^[1] and in September 1916 he volunteered for active service. He won the Distinguished Service Order in Flanders in 1917 while attached to the Queen's Royal Regiment, much to the surprise of his family. He was wounded twice, leaving him with a permanent limp.

On 8 April 1921, he was made a Deputy Lieutenant of Sussex.^[7] In 1922, his mother died, leaving most of her money to Gwynne due to a family disagreement. That same year, Gwynne put his name forward as a Conservative candidate for Lewes, East Sussex, but withdrew it when his brother Neville hinted to the selection committee that Gwynne was a homosexual (around this time MP Noel Pemberton Billing was leading a witch hunt against homosexuals). John Bodkin Adams arrived in Eastbourne that same year.

Rupert died in 1924, just after being re-elected to Parliament. Gwynne inherited his estate, but settled for local politics, being High Sheriff of Sussex in 1926/27 and then mayor of Eastbourne in 1928.^[6] While he was mayor, in 1929 the town bought 4,000 acres (1,600 ha) of land surrounding Beachy Head, to save it from development, costing the town around £100,000.^[8]

His term as mayor ended in 1931. On 9 November that year, he was made the 8th ever Honorary Freeman of Eastbourne for his services to the borough.^[9] He stayed in local politics, being Chairman of the East Sussex County Council from 1937 to 1940.^[6]

He constantly had financial problems, caused on the one hand by his extravagant lifestyle (he was famous for the wild parties he held at Folkington Manor, attended by, among others, The 1st Marquess of Willingdon, who had previously served as both Governor General of Canada and Viceroy of India, and Rudyard Kipling) and on the other, by his sexuality, which made him a prime target for blackmail. Indeed, his butler Wilde was known by those close to him to be one such person extorting money from him.^[10] After Gwynne's death, love letters from various local jockeys were found among his papers.^[1]

During the Second World War, he took to drink.^[1]

In 1947, burdened with debt, he was forced to rent out Folkington and move into the smaller Wootton Manor.

John Bodkin Adams

Gwynne never married but he developed a close friendship with John Bodkin Adams, an unmarried Eastbourne general practitioner and suspected serial killer, with whom he went on frequent shooting holidays to Scotland and Ireland. He would visit Adams every morning at 9 a.m.^[1]

During the police investigation into Adams, a note written by a journalist was uncovered linking Adams sexually to a member of the local police and a local magistrate. The police officer is strongly suspected to have been the Deputy Chief Constable of Eastbourne, Alexander Seekings, and the magistrate to have been Gwynne. Despite the illegality of homosexual sex in 1956/57, the matter was not investigated further by police.^[1]

In 1956, Adams was arrested on suspicion of murdering two of his patients. Gwynne was Chairman of the Magistrates in Lewes, East Sussex, and had to step down from the committal hearing owing to a conflict of interest.

During the proceedings though, Gwynne was seen dining with Lord Chief Justice Rayner Goddard and former Attorney General Hartley Shawcross at a hotel in Lewes.^[1] Goddard had by then already appointed the judge for Adams' case, Patrick Devlin.

After their meeting at the hotel Gwynne crashed his car while driving home. No evidence was adduced he had been drinking. The meal was seen by one of the investigating officers from Scotland Yard, Charles Hewett as further indication that the Adams' trial was the subject of concerted judicial and political interference.^[11]

During the actual trial, while the jury was out discussing the verdict on Adams' first charge of murder, Goddard phoned Devlin to urge him in the case of Adams being found not guilty, to grant Adams bail before he was tried on a second count of murder. Devlin was surprised since a person accused of murder had never been given bail before in British legal history.^[12]

A month after the trial on 10 May 1957, Goddard heard a contempt of court case against magazine Newsweek and the shop chain W. H. Smith, which on 1 April during Adams' trial had respectively published and distributed an issue of the magazine containing two paragraphs of material "highly prejudicial to the accused", saying that Adams' victim count could be "as high as 400". Each company was fined £50.

On 12 February 1957, just before Adams' trial began,^[13] Gwynne was knighted. Adams was sensationally acquitted of one murder charge and another was withdrawn controversially by the Attorney General.

Gwynne cooled his relationship with Adams and even admitted to police when interviewed in connection with the investigation into Adams, that he had given instructions to be buried in a lead-lined coffin. This unusual procedure was usually designed to protect the water table from contamination or to preserve evidence in case an exhumation might ever be necessary.

Post Adams

Gwynne fell into depression and in 1963 suffered a stroke. He was made a ward of the Court of Protection in 1965, which prevented him from controlling his own money and possessions.

He died on 15 November 1971, in a nursing home, aged 89. His death certificate was signed by Dr Adams.^[14] His last will left his estate, valued at around £1.7 million^[15] to Sir Dingwall Bateson, who, in the event, predeceased him.

References