Ransome & Marles

Ransome & Marles
Bearing Company Limited

Some of the remaining buildings Newark-on-Trent June 2014
Type	Public limited company
Traded as	Ransome & Marles
Industry	Automotive Aerospace etcetera
Fate	From 1990 part of NSK Ltd
Founded	c.1916 (Newark-on-Trent)
Headquarters	Newark-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire
Key people	V S Woods (Chairman) Henry Marles (inventor & director) H J Higgs (managing director)
Products	Rolling element bearings, linear motion products, seals, lubrication systems, maintenance products

Ransome & Marles Bearing Company Limited was the owner of a business making ball and roller bearings founded during World War I to make bearings for aircraft and other engines. Before the war most bearings had been imported and most of those were from Germany.

The business is now part of NSK UK Limited but Ransome & Marles former plant, Stanley Works, remains in operation in Northern Road, Newark NG24 2JF, Nottinghamshire UK

Products

The ball-bearing industry provides an essential input to the motor, machine tool, engineering and aircraft industries.^[1]

History

A Ransome & Co

Self-acting sawbench

Ransome & Marles grew from another separate business needing bearings for its own products. In 1868 Allen Ransome (1833-1913) and Frederic Josselyn (1842-1900) set up A Ransome & Co in Chelsea, London.

A Ransome & Co designed and manufactured woodworking and timber-handling machinery.

Later they acquired a foundry in Battersea. Vincent Sydney Woods (1855-1939) joined them at the foundry and the foundry firm's name was Ransome, Josselyn and Woods. In 1893 the two businesses were amalgamated under the ownership of a new incorporated company, A Ransome and Co Limited.

Part of Ransome's dock 2008
and possibly the foundry's chimney

In 1900 all A Ransome and Co activities were moved to Newark-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire under the management of V S Woods though a London office was retained in Chancery Lane.^[2] There was also a tie to Ransomes, engineers of Ipswich and manufacturer of aeroplanes during World War I.^[3] Allen Ransome was the younger son of their J A Ransome and retained an interest in that business. Woodworking machinery was needed during World War I, aeroplanes were made of wood and fabric.

Ransome's Dock. In the mid-1880s Allen Ransome improved the Battersea foundry's surrounds also turning the creek by the foundry into a dock. He was assisted by civil engineer Edward Woods (1814-1903), father of Ransome's partner V S Woods. It was made large enough to take coastal steamers and allow vessels to pass or turn.

At the turn of the century when Ransome's moved to Newark the foundry became Drew-Bear Perks & Co's Battersea Steelworks. In the 21st century it is a haven for houseboats.^[4]

Ransome & Marles

Cylindrical roller bearing outer race off to show its rollers

Animation of ball bearing (An ideal picture without cage)
Note that the red dots meet every 1.5 revolutions

Towards the end of 1917 journalists were shown through a new ball bearing plant in Newark under conditions of strict secrecy though they were allowed to publish the name of the owners, Ransome & Marles. Henry Marles held some patents for the design and manufacture of ball bearings, A. Ransome & Co had some experience in their manufacture. Aside from their own requirement A. Ransome & Co were already supplying "famous English motor manufacturers". They had begun by assembling bought-in balls with their own components then moved on to manufacturing their own balls. A new ball-making plant, which the journalists were visiting, had now been installed in new premises alongside A. Ransome & Co's own though the new plant was not in production at the end of 1917.^[5]

The first chairman of Ransome & Marles was Victor Sydney Woods, the youngest partner in A. Ransome & Co. The first managing director was Henry Marles (1871- 1955 ) until just after the end of the war and the appointment of American-born Lt. Col. Henry Joseph Higgs (1892-1934) when Marles with his technical knowledge took up the position of sales director. Allen Ransome's son, Geoffrey Ransome (1867-1928), was a director of both companies.

By October 1918, shortly before the Armistice, Woods told Ransome & Marles shareholders at their 2nd Annual General Meeting there had again been a large increase in premises and plant during the year. The three-story building accommodating 500 people had not been completed until May 1918 but full output should be reached by the end of 1918.^[6]

The adjoining engineering works of A Ransome & Co, the original Stanley Works, were bought by Ransome & Marles when they were put up for sale in 1932.^[7] The premises were described as a freehold site of nine acres with sidings to the L & NE railway and factory buildings covering 130,000 sq ft.^[8] A. Ransome & Co's woodworking machinery business itself was taken over by the woodworking firm of John Pickles and Son of Hebden Bridge, Yorkshire.^[2]

The three year factory and plant extensions programme finished in 1938 was in response to a new demand for new motor vehicles as well as rearmament.^[9] Within a short time it was followed by the addition of another new workshop completed in early 1940.^[10]

After the war, in 1954, a new factory was opened in County Durham at Annfield Plain.^[11] The decision to make that investment had been made in 1950.^[12]

Export markets

South African agent, D Drury & Co, was purchased and made a subsidiary in 1952.^[13] Next the Australian agent, Gardner Waern & Co, was purchased and became a wholly owned subsidiary.^[11] The opportunity arose later to purchase the Australian government's ball-bearing factory at Echuca. After negotiations Echuca was purchased not outright but as a joint venture with Skefko and Skefko's parent, SKF.^[14][15]

Aggregation

In 1969 Ransome's joined with Hoffman's and Pollard's as subsidiaries of RHP Limited. This was at the direction of the Wilson (Labour) government's Industrial Reorganisation Corporation in the face of attempts by Swedish-controlled manufacturer, Skefko, to gain control of the British industry.^[16] The new RHP group commanded about 40 percent of the total British market.^[17]

Immediately prior to the aggregation in RHP limited Ransome & Marles produced 16 to 17 percent of the British output of taper bearings.^[18]

RHP along with Neuweg (Germany) became subsidiaries of Nippon Seiko KK or NSK Ltd of Japan in 1990

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to A Ransome & Co.

• Advertisement 1947 (Flightglobal/Archive)
• NSK Group Global Web Site
• NSK European Web Site