Race walking at the Olympics
| Race walking at the Olympic Games | |
|---|---|
|
The 2004 Olympic men's 20 km walk final | |
| Overview | |
| Sport | Athletics |
| Gender | Men and women |
| Years held |
Men 20 km: 1956 – 2012 Men 50 km: 1932 – 2012 Women 20 km: 2000 – 2012 |
| Olympic record | |
| Men |
20 km 1:18:46 Chen Ding (2012) 50 km 3:35:59 Sergey Kirdyapkin (2012) |
| Women | 20 km 1:25:02 Elena Lashmanova (2012) |
| Reigning champion | |
| Men |
20 km  Chen Ding (CHN)50 km  Sergey Kirdyapkin (RUS) |
| Women |
20 km Elena Lashmanova (RUS) |
Race walking events at the Summer Olympics have been contested over a variety of distances at the multi-sport event. There are three race walking events in the current Olympic athletics programme: a men's and a women's 20 kilometres walk, and a men's 50 kilometres walk. The races are held in a final-only format.
The first men's events came at the 1908 London Olympics, which featured 3500 m and 10-mile distances. A 10-kilometre version was introduced at the 1912 Summer Olympics and it continued until 1952 (skipping three editions from 1928–1936). There was also a one-off 3000 m walk at the 1920 Antwerp Olympics. The men's 20 km walk became the standard short distance for men in 1956 and has continued since then. The longer men's event over 50 km was first held at the 1932 Summer Olympics and has been held continuously until the present day, except for a brief drop from the programme in 1976 – the IAAF held a World Championship for the event in protest and it was restored.
The first women's event was introduced at the 1992 Barcelona Olympics, 84 years after the first men's race. Held over 10 km for the first two editions, the women's event was extended to match the men's 20 km distance from the 2000 Sydney Olympics onwards. Women has never commonly competed internationally over 50 km, thus it has never been proposed as an Olympic event – as of 2012 it remains the only event on the Olympic athletics programme in which men compete, but women do not have an equivalent. The 50 km is also the longest distance race for an Olympic athletics event.[1]
The Olympic records in racewalking were all broken at the 2012 London Olympics. In the 20 km walk Chen Ding holds the men's record of 1:18:46 hours, while Elena Lashmanova holds the women's mark of 1:25:02 hours. The men's 50 km record is 3:35:59 hours, set by Sergey Kirdyapkin. Lashmanova's time was a world record – the first and so far only time a world record in racewalking has been set at an Olympic Games.[2] Robert Korzeniowski is the most successful Olympic racewalker, having won the 50 km three times as well as the 20 km walk. Two other athletes have won four Olympic walk medals: Ugo Frigerio won three gold medals and a bronze in early competitions, while Volodymyr Holubnychy won two 20 km walk titles as well as a silver and bronze.
The 1906 Intercalated Games, now not considered an official Olympic event, was the first venue for racewalking under the Olympic banner. Poor technique and judging significantly affected the 1500 m walk event, to the point where a rematch over 3000 m was added at short notice and judged by Constantine I of Greece.
Medal summary
Men's 20 km walk
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Multiple medalists
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Olympics | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Holubnychy, VolodymyrVolodymyr Holubnychy |  Soviet Union (URS) | 1960–1972 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 2 | Pérez, JeffersonJefferson Pérez |  Ecuador (ECU) | 1996–2008 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | Damilano, MaurizioMaurizio Damilano |  Italy (ITA) | 1980–1988 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 4 | Frenkel, PeterPeter Frenkel |  East Germany (GDR) | 1972–1976 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | Reimann, Hans-GeorgHans-Georg Reimann | East Germany (GDR) | 1972–1976 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Medals by country
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Soviet Union (URS) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 |
| 2 | Italy (ITA) | 2 | 0 | 3 | 5 |
| 3 |  Mexico (MEX) | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 |
| 4 | East Germany (GDR) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| 5 | Russia (RUS) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 6= | Ecuador (ECU) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 6= |  Spain (ESP) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 8= | China (CHN) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 8= |  Great Britain (GBR) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 10= |  Czechoslovakia (TCH) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 10= |  Poland (POL) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 12 |  Australia (AUS) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 13= |  Canada (CAN) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 13= |  Unified Team of Germany (EUA) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 13= |  Guatemala (GUA) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Men's 50 km walk
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Multiple medalists
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Olympics | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Korzeniowski, RobertRobert Korzeniowski | Poland (POL) | 1996–2004 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 2 | Ljunggren, JohnJohn Ljunggren |  Sweden (SWE) | 1948–1960 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 3= | Pamich, AbdonAbdon Pamich | Italy (ITA) | 1960–1964 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 3= | Gauder, HartwigHartwig Gauder | East Germany (GDR) | 1980–1988 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | Tallent, JaredJared Tallent | Australia (AUS) | 2008–2012 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 6= | Weigel, RonaldRonald Weigel | East Germany (GDR)/ Germany (GER) | 1988–1992 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 6= | Nizhegorodov, DenisDenis Nizhegorodov | Russia (RUS) | 2004–2008 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 8 | Young, LarryLarry Young |  United States (USA) | 1968–1972 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
Medals by country
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Great Britain (GBR) | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| 2 | Italy (ITA) | 3 | 0 | 3 | 6 |
| 3 | Poland (POL) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 4 | East Germany (GDR) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 5= | Russia (RUS) | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
| 5= | Sweden (SWE) | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
| 7 | Soviet Union (URS) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 8 | Mexico (MEX) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 9= |  Unified Team (EUN) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 9= |  New Zealand (NZL) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 9= | West Germany (FRG) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 12 |  Latvia (LAT) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 13= | Australia (AUS) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 13= |  Switzerland (SUI) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 15= |  Hungary (HUN) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 15= | Spain (ESP) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 17 | Czechoslovakia (TCH) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 18= | China (CHN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 18= | Germany (GER) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 18= | United States (USA) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Women's 20 km walk
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 Sydney |
Wang Liping (CHN) |
 Kjersti Plätzer (NOR) |
María Vasco (ESP) |
| 2004 Athens |
 Athanasia Tsoumeleka (GRE) |
Olimpiada Ivanova (RUS) |
Jane Saville (AUS) |
| 2008 Beijing |
Olga Kaniskina (RUS) |
Kjersti Plätzer (NOR) |
Elisa Rigaudo (ITA) |
| 2012 London |
Elena Lashmanova (RUS) |
Olga Kaniskina (RUS) |
Qieyang Shenjie (CHN) |
Multiple medalists
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Olympics | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kaniskina, OlgaOlga Kaniskina | Russia (RUS) | 2008–2012 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 2 | Plätzer, KjerstiKjersti Plätzer | Norway (NOR) | 2000–2008 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Medals by country
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Russia (RUS) | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
| 2 | China (CHN) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 3 | Greece (GRE) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | Norway (NOR) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 5= | Australia (AUS) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 5= | Italy (ITA) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 5= | Spain (ESP) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Defunct distances
Men's 3000 m walk
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1920 Antwerp |
.svg.png){kind=small} Ugo Frigerio (ITA) |
George Parker (AUS) |
 Richard Remer (USA) |
Men's 3500 m walk
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1908 London |
George Larner (GBR) |
Ernest Webb (GBR) |
 Harry Kerr (ANZ) |
Men's 10 km
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1912 Stockholm |
 George Goulding (CAN) |
Ernest Webb (GBR) |
Fernando Altimani (ITA) |
| 1920 Antwerp |
Ugo Frigerio (ITA) |
Joseph Pearman (USA) |
Charles Gunn (GBR) |
| 1924 Paris |
Ugo Frigerio (ITA) |
Gordon Goodwin (GBR) |
 Cecil McMaster (RSA) |
| 1928–1936 | not included in the Olympic program | ||
| 1948 London |
John Mikaelsson (SWE) |
Ingemar Johansson (SWE) |
Fritz Schwab (SUI) |
| 1952 Helsinki |
John Mikaelsson (SWE) |
Fritz Schwab (SUI) |
.svg.png){kind=small} Bruno Junk (URS) |
Men's 10 miles
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1908 London |
George Larner (GBR) |
Ernest Webb (GBR) |
Edward Spencer (GBR) |
Women's 10 km
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1992 Barcelona |
Chen Yueling (CHN) |
Yelena Nikolayeva (EUN) |
Li Chunxiu (CHN) |
| 1996 Atlanta |
Yelena Nikolayeva (RUS) |
Elisabetta Perrone (ITA) |
Wang Yan (CHN) |
Intercalated Games
The 1906 Intercalated Games were held in Athens and at the time were officially recognised as part of the Olympic Games series, with the intention being to hold a games in Greece in two-year intervals between the internationally held Olympics. However, this plan never came to fruition and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) later decided not to recognise these games as part of the official Olympic series. Some sports historians continue to treat the results of these games as part of the Olympic canon.[3]
Two walking events were held on the track at the 1906 Games: a men's 1500 m walk and a men's 3000 m walk. The first final to be held was the shorter distance. American George Bonhag, an absolute walking novice who had competed in the 5-mile run, came away as the winner after Canada's Don Linden, the eventual runner-up, had given basic technical advice to allow him to compete. Bonhag used a skipping technique that the judges, after Linden's protestations, later decided was against the rules. To decide the true victor, the judges reorganised a walk-off between the pair, but this did not occur and the results stood. A British and an Austrian were disqualified for running and James Connolly (the first Olympic champion) later stated he believed the head walk judge, James Edward Sullivan, also American, had effectively handed the race to Bonhag.[4]
The 3000 m walk was held two days later as a last minute addition to the athletics programme, which was approved and also adjudicated by Constantine I of Greece after the dissatisfaction with the initial race. The entire walking field, minus Bonhag and Linden, was rearranged for the competition. Britain's Robert Wilkinson and Austria's Eugen Spiegler were again disqualified in the final stages for running, leaving Hungary's György Sztantics as the winner by a large margin.[5]
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1906 Athens |
 George Bonhag (USA) |
Don Linden (CAN) |
.svg.png){kind=small} Konstantinos Spetsiotis (GRE) |
| 1906 Athens |
.svg.png){kind=small} György Sztantics (HUN) |
 Hermann Müller (GER) |
Georgios Saridakis (GRE) |
References
- Participation and athlete data
- Athletics Men's 1,500 metres Walk Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-19.
- Athletics Men's 3,000 metres Walk Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-19.
- Athletics Men's 3,500 metres Walk Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-19.
- Athletics Men's 10 kilometres Walk Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-19.
- Athletics Men's 10 mile Walk Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-19.
- Athletics Men's 20 kilometres Walk Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-19.
- Athletics Men's 50 kilometres Walk Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-19.
- Athletics Women's 10 kilometres Walk Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-19.
- Athletics Women's 20 kilometres Walk Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-19.
- Olympic record progressions
- Mallon, Bill (2012). TRACK & FIELD ATHLETICS - OLYMPIC RECORD PROGRESSIONS. Track and Field News. Retrieved on 2014-02-07.
- Specific
- ↑ 50 Kilometres Race Walk. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-05-21.
- ↑ Mulkeen, Jon (2012-08-11). Lashmanova sets 20km Race Walk World record in London!. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-05-21.
- ↑ 1906 Athina Summer Games. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-07.
- ↑ Athletics at the 1906 Athina Summer Games: Men's 1,500 metres Walk. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-21.
- ↑ Athletics at the 1906 Athina Summer Games: Men's 3,000 metres Walk. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-21.
External links
- IAAF 20 kilometres walk homepage
- IAAF 50 kilometres walk homepage
- Official Olympics website
- Olympic athletics records from Track & Field News
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