Pug (steam locomotive)

"Nora No.5", a typical 'Pug' built in 1912 for the National Coal Board, shown here at the Big Pit in Wales.

Maker's plate of Andrew Barclay 1821, built 1924

'Pug' locomotives are small steam locomotives which were produced for light shunting and industrial work, often on dockyards and factory sites, such as steelworks, collieries, etc. The Pugs are named after a common term in Scotland for a small industrial shunting locomotive – typically an 0-4-0 tank. ‘Pug’ was a dialect word meaning ‘monkey’ inferring an ugly appearance.^[1][2] Another suggestion is that the locomotive type is named after the small sturdy 'Pug' dog, an ancient and well known breed with a snub nose, wrinkled face, and squarish body.^[3] Many were saddle tanks, with the water tank sitting on top of the boiler like a saddle.

Examples

Many locomotive manufacturers produced Pug type locomotives^[4] mainly for shunting work and for use on industrial sites with tight curves for which 0-6-0 locomotives were less well suited, despite their greater tractive effort capabilities. The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway L&YR Class 21 were nicknamed 'Pugs' and the Caledonian Railway built a class of 0-4-0 Pugs.

A typical example is illustrated by the makers plate of number 1821, an 0-4-0 steam locomotive ordered from Andrew Barclay Sons & Co. on 12/02/1924 by the Caprington and Auchlochan Collieries Ltd. The locomotive was delivered to the customer in 1925 and mainly worked at Mauchline Colliery number 7 pit in Ayrshire, before ending its days at the nearby Barony Colliery.

Pugs were used Worldwide, such as the metre gauge Black Hawthorn, an 0-4-0ST locomotive that was imported into India in 1873 for an irrigation project and shunted at Ajmer for several years in the later part of its working life. It can now be seen plinthed outside the Ajmer works.^[5]

In fiction

In The Railway Series books by the Reverend W. Awdry, a character called 'Pug' appears in the 12th book, The Eight Famous Engines. After problems of consistent accuracy of the drawings in the early books, later characters were based more closely on real locomotives. Although not explicitly identified by Awdry, the locomotive in the illustration by John T. Kenney,^[6] has been identified as most closely resembling a LMS Kitson 0-4-0ST.^[7]

Railway modelling

Hornby's Caledonian Railway 0F "Smokey Joe" model

The Hornby model railway manufacturing company have produced a 0-4-0 Caledonian Railway Pug locomotive^[8] and Dapol Model railways have produced a LMS branded ex-Lancashire and Yorkshire Pug.^[9] This model is now manufactured by Hornby.

References