State highway
State highway, state road, or state route (and the equivalent provincial highway, provincial road, or provincial route) can refer to several different concepts:
- In a country that is composed of states (e.g. Australia, India, Mexico, and the United States) or provinces (e.g. Canada and China), a "state route" usually refers to either a road numbered by the state or province, falling below numbered national highways in the hierarchy (route numbers are used to aid navigation, and may or may not indicate ownership or maintenance); or a road maintained by the state or province, including both nationally numbered highways and un-numbered state highways. Depending on the state, state highway may be used for one meaning and state road or state route for the other.
- In some countries such as New Zealand, the word "state" is used in its sense of a nation. By this meaning a state highway is a road maintained and numbered by the national government rather than local authorities.
National usage
Australia
Australia's State Route system covers urban and inter-regional routes that are not included in the National Route or the National Highway systems. These routes are marked with a blue shield. Sometimes a state route may be formed when a former national route is decommissioned.
Most states and territories have introduced an alphanumeric route numbering system, either completely or partially replacing the previous systems.
Brazil
Brazil is another country that is divided into States and has state highways.
Canada
Canada is divided into provinces and as such has Provincial Highways. Canada lacks a general federal highway system, other than the Trans-Canada Highway network, which is a dual federal/provincial system which has no uniform designation across the country. As a result, all highways in Canada, even the Trans-Canada routes, are considered provincial.
Italy
Italy's Strade Statali extend for some 18,000 km, overseen by the Azienda Nazionale Autonoma delle Strade (ANAS) founded in 1946, replacing the A.A.S.S. (Azienda Autonoma delle Strade Statali) of 1928.
India
State highways in India are numbered highways that are laid and maintained by state governments.
Mexico
Mexico's State Highway System is a system of urban and state routes constructed and maintained by each Mexican state. The main purpose of the state networks is to serve as a feeder system to the federal highway system. All states except the Federal District operate a road network. Each state marks these routes with a white shield containing the abbreviated name of the state plus the route number.
New Zealand
New Zealand state highways are national highways – the word "state" in this sense means "government" or "public" (as in state housing and state schools), not a division of a country.
New Zealand's state highway system is a nationwide network of roads covering the North Island and the South Island. As of 2006, just under 100 roads have a "State Highway" designation. The New Zealand Transport Agency administers them. The speed limit for most state highways is 100 km/h, with reductions when one passes through a densely populated area.
The highways in New Zealand were originally designated on a two-tier system, national (SH 1–8) and provincial, with national highways having a higher standard and funding priorities. Now all of them are state highways, and the network consists of SH 1 running the length of both main islands, SH 2–5 and 10–58 in the North Island, and SH 6–8 and 60–99 in the South Island. National and provincial highways are numbered approximately north to south. State Highway 1 runs the length of both islands.
United States
State highways are generally a mixture of primary and secondary roads, although some are freeways (for example, State Route 99 in California, which links many of the cities of the Central Valley, Route 128 in Massachusetts, Ronald Reagan Cross County Highway (State Route 126) in Cincinnati, or parts of Route 101 in New Hampshire). Each state has its own system for numbering and its own marker. The default marker is a white circle containing a black sans serif number (often inscribed in a black square or slightly rounded square), according to the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD). However each state is free to choose a different marker, and most states have. States may choose a design theme relevant to its state to distinguish state route markers from interstate, county, or municipal route markers.
See also
- Roads portal
- List of longest state highways in the United States
- List of numbered highways in the United States
- Interstate Highway System, U.S. Highway System
- Missouri supplemental route
- County highway
- Highways in Australia
- Numbered street
References
External links
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Media related to State highway at Wikimedia Commons