Caroline Augusta of Bavaria
| Princess Caroline Augusta | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Empress consort of Austria Queen consort of Hungary and Bohemia Queen consort of Lombardy–Venetia | |
| Tenure | 29 October 1816 – 2 March 1835 |
| Born |
8 February 1792 Mannheim, Electoral Palatinate |
| Died |
9 February 1873 (aged 81) Vienna, Austria-Hungary |
| Spouse |
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| House | Wittelsbach |
| Father | Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria |
| Mother | Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
Princess Caroline Augusta of Bavaria (German: Karoline Auguste von Bayern; Mannheim, 8 February 1792 – 9 February 1873 in Vienna) was a daughter of Maximilian I Joseph, King of Bavaria (1756–1825) and his wife, Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt (1765–1796), and a member of the House of Wittelsbach. She was married to Crown Prince William of Württemberg, whom she divorced, and to Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor. From 1816–1835, she was Empress of Austria in her second marriage.
Biography
On 8 June 1808, at Munich, she married Crown Prince William (1781–1864) becoming Crown Princess of Württemberg. They divorced on 31 August 1814. They had no children.
Her first marriage was arranged to avoid a political marriage arranged by Napoleon. After the marriage ceremony, her spouse said to her: We are victims to politics. They lived separated in the palace and the marriage was never consummated. She spent her time writing letters to her brother Louis, and learning Italian and English. Her first marriage was dissolved by Pope Pius VII to ensure that she be able to marry again according to the Catholic Church.
On 29 October 1816 she married Francis II, Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia.[1] They had no children. Prior to this marriage, she has always been known as Charlotte, but now began using Caroline.
Both the Emperor and his brother Ferdinand proposed to her, and Ferdinand took back his proposal so that she could accept the Emperor's. The marriage was simple due to the strict economy of the Emperor. The English diplomat Frederick Lamb called the new empress "ugly clever and amiable, and as the Emperor expresses it: "She can stand a push, the other was nothing but air"."[2] She became popular in Austria and was active in social work; she founded several hospitals and residences for the poor.
After the death of her spouse, she moved to Salzburg. She was good friends with both her half-sister Archduchess Sophie and her half-niece Empress Elisabeth.
A pearl brooch formerly owned by her was auctioned at Sotheby's in 2012. [3]
Titles and styles
- 8 February 1792 - 26 December 1805: Her Serene Highness Duchess Charlotte of Bavaria
- 26 December 1805 - 8 June 1808: Her Royal Highness Princess Charlotte of Bavaria
- 8 June 1808 - 31 August 1814: Her Royal Highness The Crown Princess of Württemberg
- 31 August 1814 - 29 October 1816: Her Royal Highness Charlotte, Crown Princess of Württemberg
- 29 October 1816 - 2 March 1835: Her Imperial and Royal Apostolic Majesty The Empress of Austria, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia
- 2 March 1835 - 9 February 1873: Her Imperial and Royal Apostolic Majesty The Dowager Empress of Austria, Queen Dowager of Hungary and Bohemia
Ancestry
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References
- ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ Frederick Lamb to his mother, 31 October 1816, in British Library, Add. MS. 45546, f. 156v.
- ↑ "Magnificent Jewels and Noble Jewels" (PDF).
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| Caroline Augusta of Bavaria Born: 8 February 1792 Died: 9 February 1873 | ||
| German royalty | ||
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| Preceded by Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este, Princess of Modena |
Empress consort of Austria Queen consort of Bohemia 1816–1835 |
Succeeded by Maria Anna of Sardinia |
| Queen consort of Hungary 1816–1830 | ||
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