President of Suriname

President of Suriname
President van de Republiek Suriname

Standard of the President of Suriname
Incumbent
Dési Bouterse
since 12 August 2010
Residence Presidential Palace
Term length Five years, renewable
Inaugural holder Johan Ferrier
Formation 25 November 1975
Website
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The President of the Republic of Suriname (Dutch: President van de Republiek Suriname) is, in accordance with the Constitution of 1987, the head of state and head of government of Suriname, and commander-in-chief of Military of Suriname.

The current President is Dési Bouterse, a former army officer and military dictator. He is affiliated with the National Democratic Party. Bouterse was elected on 19 July 2010 and inaugurated on 12 August at the Anthony Nesty Sporthal (formerly known as National Indoor Stadium).

History

The office of President was created upon independence from the Netherlands in 1975. Until 1987, the role was largely ceremonial. The first officeholder was Dr. Johan Ferrier, a schoolteacher and veteran politician who had served as governor since 1968. He resigned as president in August 1980, several months after a coup d'état. From then until 1988, the titular Presidents were essentially army-installed puppets of Lt. Col. Bouterse, who ruled as a dictator with few practical checks on his power. Democracy was restored in 1988, the year after the adoption of the constitution, in which the duties and responsibilities of the president were included. On December 24, 1990, two days after Bouterse's resignation as army commander, the army called president Ramsewak Shankar to inform him that he and his cabinet were removed from office. Police Chief and Acting Commander of the army, Ivan Graanoogst was appointed Acting President. On December 27, 1990, Johannes Kraag became the president. Since 1991, the president is elected democratically.

Election

The President and a Vice President are elected by the National Assembly to a five-year mandate and are accountable to the Assembly. During his time in office, the President must forfeit any additional posts in politics or business.

Qualification

A candidate must be a Surinamese national (resident in the country for at least six years) who is at least 30 years of age. A candidate must win at least two-thirds of the votes in the Assembly to be elected. If no candidate wins two-thirds after three rounds, the vote then goes to the United People's Congress, composed of the Assembly and local government officials. In this case, a simple majority is required.

Powers and duties

The President is vested with extensive functional powers. The President names and dismisses ministers, signs bills, and names and dismisses diplomatic staff. He declares war and states of emergency with the ratification of the National Assembly. He concludes foreign treaties and agreements, again with the assent of the Assembly. He also exercises ceremonial duties such as conferring awards, receiving foreign diplomats, and granting pardons.

List of Presidents of Suriname

№ Picture Name
(Birth–Death) 		Took office Left office Party
1 Johan Ferrier
(1910–2010)		 25 November 1975 13 August 1980
(resigned after a
February coup d'état)		 Independent
2 Hendrick Chin A Sen
(1934–1999)		 15 August 1980 4 February 1982 PNR
3 Fred Ramdat Misier
(1926–2004)		 8 February 1982 25 January 1988 Independent
4 Ramsewak Shankar
(1937–)		 25 January 1988 24 December 1990
(deposed)		 VHP
5 Johan Kraag
(1913–1996)		 29 December 1990 16 September 1991 NPS
6 Ronald Venetiaan
(1936–)		 16 September 1991 15 September 1996 NPS
7 Jules Wijdenbosch
(1941–)		 15 September 1996 12 August 2000 NDP
(6) Ronald Venetiaan
(1936–)		 12 August 2000 12 August 2010 NPS
8 Dési Bouterse
(1945–)		 12 August 2010 Incumbent NDP
Parties: National Democratic Party (NDP), Nationalist Republican Party (PNR), National Party of Suriname (NPS), Progressive Reform Party (VHP)

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See also

External links

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