List of predecessors of sovereign states in South America

This is a list of all present sovereign states in South America and their predecessors. The division between North and South America is unclear, generally viewed as lying somewhere in the Isthmus of Panama, however, the whole of Panama is considered to be part of North America as its southernmost nation. The continent was colonized by the Europeans: First by the Spaniards, and the Portuguese; and later by the Dutch, the French, and the English. Most of the present-day nations gained independence in the early 19th century. Today, South America consists of twelve sovereign states with common government system being some form of presidential republic.

Sovereign state Predecessors
Argentina Viceroyalty of Peru (1542–1776) (viceroyalty of the Crown of Castile)
Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata (1776–1810) (viceroyalty of the Spanish Empire)
United Provinces of the River Plate (1810–1831)
Argentine Confederation (1831–1861)
 Argentine Republic (1861–present)
Bolivia Governorate of New Toledo (1528–1542)
Viceroyalty of Peru (1542–1776) (viceroyalty of the Crown of Castile)
Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata (1776–1810) (viceroyalty of the Spanish Empire)
Viceroyalty of Peru (1810–1825) (viceroyalty of the Spanish Empire)
 Republic of Bolivia (1825–2009)
 Plurinational State of Bolivia (2009–present)
Brazil Colonial Brazil (1500-1815) (colony of Portugal)
United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves (1815–1822)
Empire of Brazil (1822–1889)
Republic of the United States of Brazil (1889–1930)
Republic of the United States of Brazil (1930–1946) (renamed "United States of Brazil" in 1937)
United States of Brazil (1946–1964)
United States of Brazil (1964–1989) (military dictatorship, renamed "Federative Republic of Brazil" in 1967)
 Federative Republic of Brazil (1989–present)
Chile Captaincy General of Chile (1542–1818)
 Republic of Chile (1818–present)
Colombia Viceroyalty of Peru (1542–1717)
Viceroyalty of New Granada (1717–1819)
Gran Colombia (1819–1831)
Republic of New Granada (1831–1858)
Granadine Confederation (1858–1863)
United States of Colombia (1863–1886)
 Republic of Colombia (1886–present)
Ecuador Viceroyalty of Peru (1542–1717)
Viceroyalty of New Granada (1717–1822)
Gran Colombia (1822–1830)
 Republic of Ecuador (1830–present)
Guyana Colony of Essequibo (1616–1815), Berbice (1627–1815) & Colony of Demerara (1745–1815) (all Dutch colonies)
British Guiana (1814–1966)
Commonwealth Realm of Guyana (1966–1970)
 Co-operative Republic of Guyana (1970–present)
Panama Viceroyalty of Peru (1542–1717)
Viceroyalty of New Granada (1717–1819)
Gran Colombia (1819–1831)
Republic of New Granada (1831–1858)
Granadine Confederation (1858–1863)
United States of Colombia (1863–1906)
 Republic of Panama (1906–present)
Paraguay Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata (1776–1814)
 Republic of Paraguay (1814–present)
Peru Inca Empire (1438–1533)
Governorate of New Castile (1528–1542) & Governorate of New Toledo (1528–1542) (both Spanish colonies)
Viceroyalty of Peru (1542–1824)
 Republic of Peru (1824–present)
Suriname Colony of Surinam (1630–1954)
Country of Suriname (1954–1975) (constituent country of the Netherlands)
 Republic of Suriname (1975–present)
Trinidad and Tobago Viceroyalty of New Granada (1717–1797)
British West Indies (1797–1962)
 Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (1962–present)
Uruguay United Provinces of the River Plate (1810–1816)
United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves (1816–1822)
Empire of Brazil (1822–1828)
 Eastern Republic of Uruguay (1828–present)
Venezuela Viceroyalty of New Granada (1717–1819)
Gran Colombia (1819–1828)
 Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (1828–present) (renamed from "Republic of Venezuela" in 1999)

See also

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