Portuguese Macau

Macau
澳門
Portuguese colony
← 1557–1999 →
Flag of the Govt of Portuguese Macau (1976–99) Coat of arms of Portuguese Macau (1935–99)
Anthem "Hymno Patriótico" (1808-1826) Patriotic Anthem "Hino da Carta" (1826-1911) Hymn of the Charter "A Portuguesa" (1911-1999) The Portuguese
Capital		Macau
Languages		Portuguese (official) Cantonese Chinese
Political structure		Colony
Head of state
•	1557	King John III (first)
•	1996–1999	President Jorge Sampaio (last)
Governor
•	1557–1558	Francisco Martins (first)
•	1991–1999	Vasco Joaquim Rocha Vieira (last)
Legislature		Legislative Assembly
Historical era		First wave of European colonization
•	Permanent Portuguese settlement established	1557
•	Colony proclaimed	1847
•	Treaty of Peking	December 1, 1887
•	Joint Declaration	April 13, 1987
•	Transferred to China	December 20, 1999 1999
Currency		Macanese pataca (from 1894)

Portuguese Macau refers to Macau as a colony and later, a Portuguese overseas province under Portuguese administration from 1557 to 1999. Macau was both the first and last European colony in China.^[1][2]

History

Portuguese traders first settled in Macau in the 16th century. In 1557 Macau was rented to Portugal by the Chinese empire as a trading port. The Portuguese administered the city under Chinese authority and sovereignty until 1887, when Macau became a colony of the Portuguese empire. Sovereignty over Macau was transferred back to China on 20 December 1999.

The Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration on the Question of Macau and the Macau Basic Law stipulate that Macau operate with a high degree of autonomy until at least 2049, fifty years after the transfer.^[3]

Gallery

Panoramic photograph of Macau, taken by Jules Itier in the 19th Century. The city of Macau on its peninsula with both the outer and inner harbours are visible. Also visible are the outlying islands of Taipa, Dom João, Lapa and of Montanha, the latter three then part of Macau, reverting to China after the Japanese Invasion in the Second World War. Coloane and Ilha Verde are the only islands of Macau not visible in this portrait.

• 

  Portuguese Macau around 1665

• 

  A 1912 map of Macau.

• 

  Portas do Cerco in 1890.

See also

• China–Portugal relations
• Portuguese Empire

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Macau.

• Official website of the Portuguese Government of Macau (Web archive) (Portuguese)

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