Pontifical university

Pontifical universities are "academic institutes established or approved directly by the Holy See, composed of three main ecclesiastical faculties (Theology, Philosophy and Canon Law) and at least one other faculty. These academic institutes deal specifically with the Christian revelation and related disciplines, and the Church’s mission of spreading the Gospel, as proclaimed in the Apostolic Constitution Sapientia christiana".^[1] Many of them, on the other hand, have most of their students studying secular topics.

Pontifical universities follow a European system of degrees in the sacred faculties, granting the baccalaureate, the licentiate, and the doctorate. These ecclesiastical degrees are prerequisites to certain offices in the Roman Catholic Church, especially considering that bishop candidates are selected mainly from priests who are doctors of sacred theology (S.T.D.) or canon law (J.C.D.) and that ecclesiastical judges and canon lawyers must have at least the Licentiate of Canon Law (J.C.L.).

Quality and ranking

Compared to secular or Catholic universities, which are academic institutions for the study and teaching of a broad range of disciplines, ecclesiastical or Pontifical universities are "usually composed of three principal ecclesiastical faculties, theology, philosophy, and canon law, and at least one other faculty. A Pontifical university specifically addresses Christian revelation and disciplines correlative to the evangelical mission of the Church as set out in the apostolic constitution Sapientia christiana". ^[2]^[3]

Like other Catholic institutions, pontifical colleges and universities are generally nondenominational, in that they accept anyone regardless of religion or denominational affiliation, race or ethnicity, nationality, or civil status, provided the admission or enrollment requirements and legal documents are submitted, and rules & regulations are obeyed for a fruitful life on campus. However, some faculties or degrees and disciplines may be for Catholics only, and non-Catholics, whether Christian or not, may be exempted from participating in otherwise required campus activities, particularly those of a religious nature.

Current international quality ranking services do not have a quality ranking category that reflects the unique nature and mission of Pontifical universities, nor do their methodologies take into account this unique nature and mission in a way that reflects their educational quality. Since 19 September 2003 the Holy See has taken part in the Bologna Process, a series of meetings and agreements between European states designed to foster comparable quality standards in higher education, and in the "Bologna Follow-up Group". The Holy See’s Agency for the Evaluation and Promotion of Quality in Ecclesiastical Universities and Faculties (AVEPRO) was established on 19 September 2007 by Pope Benedict XVI "to promote and develop a culture of quality within the academic institutions that depend directly on the Holy See and ensure they possess internationally valid quality criteria." ^[3]

List of pontifical universities

Source:^[4]

Argentina

Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina (Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina), Buenos Aires

Austria

Pontifical Athenaeum, Heiligenkreuz Abbey, Heiligenkreuz
Theological Faculty, Catholic-Theological Private University Linz, Linz
International Theological Institute; for studies of marriage and family, near Vienna

Belgium

Indonesia

Wedabhakti Pontifical Faculty of Theology, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta

Ireland

St Patrick's College, Maynooth, Maynooth; Pontifical University charter 1896

Italy

Main article: Pontifical Universities in Rome

Marianum Theological Faculty, Rome
Pontifical Atheneum of St. Anselm (Sant'Anselmo), Rome
Pontifical University of St. Anthony, Rome
Pontifical University of St. Bonaventure (Seraphicum), Rome
Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas (Angelicum), Rome
Pontifical University of the Holy Cross, Rome
Pontifical Athenaeum Regina Apostolorum, Rome
Pontifical Urbaniana University, Rome
Pontifical Gregorian University (Gregorianum), Rome
Pontifical Lateran University, Rome
Salesian Pontifical University, Rome

Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire)

Université Catholique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Abidjan

Kenya

Catholic University of Eastern Africa, Nairobi

Lebanon

Holy Spirit University of Kaslik
Saint Joseph University, Beirut

Mexico

Pontifical University of Mexico, Mexico City

Panama

Universidad Católica Santa María La Antigua, Panama City

Paraguay

Universidad Católica Nuestra Señora de la Asunción, Asuncion

Philippines

The Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, Manila

Poland

Pontifical University of John Paul II, Cracow

Portugal

Catholic University of Portugal, Lisbon

Puerto Rico

Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico, Ponce
Bayamon Central University, Bayamón

Spain

Comillas Pontifical University, Madrid
Pontifical University of Salamanca, Salamanca
University of Deusto, Bilbao
University of Navarra, Pamplona

United States

The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC
International Marian Research Institute at the University of Dayton, Dayton, OH
John Paul II Institute, Washington, DC
Pontifical Faculty at the University of Saint Mary of the Lake (Mundelein Seminary), Mundelein, IL
Pontifical College Josephinum, Columbus, OH
Pontifical Faculty of the Immaculate Conception (PFIC), Dominican House of Studies, Washington, DC
St. Mary's Seminary and University, Baltimore, MD
Boston College School of Theology, Boston, MA
Jesuit School of Theology of Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA

United Kingdom

Heythrop College, University of London Bellarmine Institute, London, United Kingdom.

Uruguay

Universidad Católica del Uruguay Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga, Montevideo

Former pontifical universities

Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany, until the German Reformation
Lund Studium Generale, Lund, Sweden, until the Danish Reformation^[5]
University of San Marcos, Lima, Peru, until the Peruvian War of Independence
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru, until July 2012.^[6]^[7]
Royal and Pontifical University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina, until 1856, during the presidency of Justo José de Urquiza
Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico, until the Mexican War of Independence
Universidad Católica de Santo Tomás de Villanueva, Havana, Cuba, until 1961, after the Cuban Revolution
Universidad de San Ignacio, Manila, Philippines, until 1768, after the Expulsion of the Jesuits
Universidad Santo Tomás de Aquino, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic (then in Haiti), until 1823, during the Unification of Hispaniola
University of Aberdeen, Old Aberdeen, Scotland, until the Scottish Reformation
University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, until the English Reformation
University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, until the French Revolutionary Wars
University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, until the Danish Reformation
University of Erfurt, until the German Reformation
University of Freiburg, until the Suppression of the Society of Jesus
University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, until the Scottish Reformation
University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, until the German Reformation
University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, until the German Reformation
University of Mainz, until the French Revolutionary Wars
University of Oxford, Oxford, England, until the English Reformation
University of Paris, Paris, France, until the French Revolution
University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany, until the German Reformation
University of Saint Andrews, Saint Andrews, Scotland, until the Scottish Reformation
University of Tübingen, until the German Reformation
University of Wittenberg, until the German Reformation
University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany, until the Napoleonic Wars
Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, until the Swedish Reformation

References

Matthew Bunson, ed. (2010). Catholic Almanac 2010. Our Sunday Visitor. pp. 546–550.

↑ http://www.avepro.va/ Accessed November 1, 2012
↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/apost_constitutions/documents/hf_jp-ii_apc_15041979_sapientia-christiana_en.html Sapientia Christiana], Accessed June 24, 2011
1 2 Agenzia della Santa Sede per la Valutazione e la Promozione della Qualità delle Università e Facoltà Ecclesiastiche (AVEPRO), http://www.avepro.va/ Accessed November 1. 2012
↑ Principal source: "Pontifical Universities", Annuario Pontificio
↑ Denmark ruled Lund till the Great Northern War; Andrina Stiles (1992), Sweden and the Baltic, 1523—1721, London: Hodder & Stoughton.
↑ Andrés Beltramo Alvarez (20 July 2012). "Peru: Vatican removes titles "Pontifical" and "Catholic" from university name". La Stampa.
↑ David Kerr (2012), "Elite Peruvian University Stripped of Catholic Credentials", Catholic News Agency, July 21, 2012, http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/elite-peruvian-university-stripped-of-catholic-credentials

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