Placunidae

Placunidae, also known as windowpane oysters, windowpane shells, and kapis shells, are a taxonomic family of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks which are related to oysters and scallops.

This family is best known for the shells of the species Placuna placenta, which are translucent, and are commonly used in shellcraft production. In some cultures, they were used as a form of light-admitting window.^[1]

The family is closely related to the Anomiidae (saddle oysters). One of the main differences is that the Placunidae do not attach themselves to a hard surface but are instead a mud-living family.

Description

Placunidae are suspension feeders, living on shallow, muddy-bottomed waters. The usually lie with the right valve downwards. The ligament is internal and forms a shallow V-shape.

Reproduction

The sexes are separate and the larval stage is free-swimming.

Cultural usage

Species in the family Placunidae are extensively collected in the Indo-West Pacific, and are cultivated or farmed in several areas.^[2]

The windowpane oysters are valued for their translucent shell. The shells were originally used as a glass substitute in glazing, but nowadays they are mainly used in the manufacture of trays, lampshades and numerous decorative items.^[1]

In coastal areas the flesh is eaten.

Genera and species

Genera and species within the family Placunidae include:

• Placuna Lightfoot, 1786
  • Placuna ephippium
  • Placuna lobata
  • Placuna placenta Linnaeus, 1758
  • Placuna sella Gmelin, 1791
• Placunanomia Broderip, 1842

References