Pinezhsky District

Pinezhsky District
Пинежский район (Russian)

Location of Pinezhsky District in Arkhangelsk Oblast
Coordinates: 64°04′N 44°27′E / 64.067°N 44.450°E / 64.067; 44.450Coordinates: 64°04′N 44°27′E / 64.067°N 44.450°E / 64.067; 44.450

A karst cave in Pinezhsky Nature Reserve in Pinezhsky District
Coat of arms
Location
Country Russia
Federal subject Arkhangelsk Oblast[1]
Administrative structure (as of 2011)
Administrative center selo of Karpogory[2]
Administrative divisions:[2]
selsoviet 17
Inhabited localities:[2]
Rural localities 124
Municipal structure (as of March 2012)
Municipally incorporated as Pinezhsky Municipal District[3]
Municipal divisions:[3]
Urban settlements 0
Rural settlements 15
Statistics
Area 32,100 km2 (12,400 sq mi)[4]
Population (2010 Census) 26,978 inhabitants[5]
• Urban 0%
• Rural 100%
Density 0.84/km2 (2.2/sq mi)[6]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[7]
Established July 15, 1929[8]
Official website
Pinezhsky District on WikiCommons

Pinezhsky District (Russian: Пи́нежский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.[1] Municipally, it is incorporated as Pinezhsky Municipal District.[3] It is located in the northeast of the oblast and borders with Mezensky District in the north, Leshukonsky District and Udorsky District of the Komi Republic in the east, Verkhnetoyemsky District in the south, Vinogradovsky District in the southwest, Kholmogorsky District in the west, and with Primorsky District in the northwest. Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Karpogory.[2] District's population: 26,978 (2010 Census);[5] 33,516 (2002 Census);[9] 40,486 (1989 Census).[10] The population of Karpogory accounts for 16.5% of the district's total population.[5]

Geography

The district is elongated from the northwest to the southeast; a major part of it belongs to the basin of the Pinega River which divides the district into roughly equal areas.

The main tributaries of the Pinega within the district are the Yula (left), the Pokshenga (left), and the Yezhuga (right). The northern part of the district belongs to the basins of the Kuloy River and its major right tributary, the Nemnyuga. Minor areas in the east of the district drain across the border of the district to the Mezen River. The whole area of the district is in the White Sea basin.

Almost the whole of the district is covered by coniferous forests (taiga). The exception are the meadows in the floodplains. There are many glacial lakes across the district, especially in its northern part. The biggest lakes are Teldozero, Poltozero, Karasozero (all in the northern part of the district), and Krasny Okun (in its southern part).

Karst landscapes, with karst caves, formed in the middle course of the Pinega, now inside the district limits. These hilly landscapes contrast with the plain to the west, in the valley of the Northern Dvina River. Pinezhsky Nature Reserve, located within the district limits, had been created to protect these landscapes and designated as a protected natural area at the federal level.[11]

History

The area was originally populated by the Finno-Ugric peoples and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic. After the fall of Novgorod, the area became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Archangelgorod Governorate, with the creation of Kevrolsky Uyezd. The seat of the uyezd was located in Kevrola, now a village. In 1780, the governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty, with the creation of Pinezhsky Uyezd in place of Kevrolsky Uyezd. The seat of the uyezd was in Pinega. In 1796, Pinezhsky Uyezd was transferred to Arkhangelsk Governorate. In 1925, the town of Pinega, while still being the administrative center of the uyezd, was downgraded in status to that of a rural locality. In February 1927, Pinezhsky Uyezd was abolished and merged into Arkhangelsky Uyezd.

In 1929, several governorates were merged into Northern Krai. On July 15, 1929, the uyezds were abolished and Pinezhsky District was established. Pinezhsky District became a part of Arkhangelsk Okrug of Northern Krai. At the same time, Karpogorsky District, with the administrative center in the selo of Karpogory, was established. In 1959, Karpogorsky and Pinezhsky Districts were merged into one district with the administrative center located in Karpogory.[8][12]

In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1930, the okrug was abolished, and the district was subordinated to the central administration of Northern Krai. In 1936, the krai itself was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Pinezhsky District remained in Arkhangelsk Oblast ever since.

Divisions

Administrative divisions

Administratively, the district is divided into seventeen selsoviets.[2] The following selsoviets have been established (the administrative centers are given in parentheses):[2]

Municipal divisions

Municipally, the district is divided into fifteen rural settlements (the administrative centers are given in parentheses):[3]

Economy

Industry

Timber industry is the main industry of the district. Food industry is also present.

Agriculture

Agriculture accounts for 0.1% of the total production, and is mainly represented by cattle breeding and production of potatoes.[13]

Transportation

A railway line connecting Arkhangelsk and Karpogory passes through the district. This line is expected to become part of the Belkomur project[14]—a railway line connecting Arkhangelsk via the Komi Republic with Perm Krai and the Ural Mountains. The stretch between Arkhangelsk and Karpogory was built in the 1970s.

The Pinega River is navigable below the village of Sogra, although there is no regular passenger navigation. In 1926—1928, a canal connecting the Pinega with the Kuloy was constructed; however, currently the canal is neglected.

An important road along the right bank of the Pinega connects Arkhangelsk with the valley of the Mezen River. The road within the limits of the district is not paved. From this road another one, also unpaved, branches off and follows the Pinega to Karpogory, the village of Zanyukhcha, and then crosses the border with the Komi Republic to the timber production settlements.

Culture and recreation

Ruins of the Assumption Cathedral of the former Ioanno-Bogoslovsky Monastery, Sura

The district contains twenty objects classified as cultural and historical heritage by Russian Federal law and additionally one object classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance (the chapel in the village of Kushkopala).[15] The monuments protected at the federal level include:

There are two state museums in the district — the District Museum in the settlement of Pinega[16] and the memorial museum of the author Fyodor Abramov in the selo of Verkola, located in the building of the school where he studied.[17]

In 2004, the Karst Museum was open in the Pinezhsky Nature Reserve. The reserve attracts tourists who visit karst caves.

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 Law #65-5-OZ
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 11 248», в ред. изменения №259/2014 от 12 декабря 2014 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 11 248, as amended by the Amendment #259/2014 of December 12, 2014. ).
  3. 1 2 3 4 Law #258-vneoch.-OZ
  4. ↑ Пинежский район (in Russian). Двина-Информ. Retrieved August 4, 2011.
  5. 1 2 3 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  6. ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
  7. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  8. 1 2 "Административно-территориальное деление Архангельской губернии в XVIII-XX вв. (Справка)" (in Russian). Архивы России. 2000. Retrieved July 27, 2011.
  9. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  10. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  11. ↑ Пинежский Заповедник (in Russian). Особо охраняемые природные территории России. Retrieved July 24, 2011.
  12. ↑ Пинежский муниципальный район (in Russian). Администрация МО Пинежский район. Retrieved August 1, 2011.
  13. ↑ Паспорт муниципального образования "Пинежский муниципальный район" (in Russian). МО «Пинежский муниципальный район». Retrieved July 25, 2011.
  14. ↑ Белкомур (in Russian). ОАО МК «Белкомур». 2007. Retrieved July 22, 2011.
  15. ↑ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 26, 2011.
  16. ↑ Пинежский краеведческий музей (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved 26 July 2011.
  17. ↑ Литературно-мемориальный музей Ф.А.Абрамова (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved 26 July 2011.

Sources

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