Bilbeis

Bilbeis
Bilbeis

Location in Egypt

Coordinates: 30°25′18″N 31°33′33″E / 30.42167°N 31.55917°E / 30.42167; 31.55917
Country  Egypt
Governorate Sharqia Governorate
Elevation 4 m (13 ft)
Population (2012)
 • Total 300,000
Time zone EST (UTC+2)

Bilbeis (Egyptian Arabic: بلبيس  pronounced [belˈbeːs]; Coptic: Phelbs) is an ancient fortress city on the eastern edge of the southern Nile delta in Egypt, the site of the Ancient city and former bishopric of Phelbes and a Latin Catholic titular see.

The city is small in size but densely populated, with over 300,000 residents. It also houses the Egyptian Air Force Academy complex, which contains the town's largest public school in Al-Zafer. The mosque of Sadat Qureish, which is the oldest mosque in Egypt, and one may say the entire continent of Africa, is located in Belbeis.[1]

History

The city was important enough in the Roman province of Augustamnica Secunda to become a bishopric.

The city played a role in the machinations for control of the Fatimid vizierate: first in 1164, when Shirkuh was besieged in the city by the combined forces of Shiwar and crusader king Amalric I of Jerusalem for three months; then again in 1168 when the city was assaulted again by Amalric's army, who took the city after three days on November 4 and indiscriminately killed the inhabitants. This atrocity angered the Coptic Egyptians, who had seen the Crusaders as deliverers but had suffered as much as the Muslim inhabitants of Bilbeis. The Copts ended their support of the Crusaders and united with their non-Christian neighbors against the foreigners. (See Crusader invasion of Egypt.)

In 1798, its fortifications were rebuilt at the order of Napoleon.

Ecclesiastical History

The bishopric, a suffragan of the Metropolitan of provincial capital Leontopolis, faded.

Titular see

The diocese of Phelbes was nominally restored in 1933 as a Latin Catholic titular bishopric.

It has had the following incumbents, all of the lowest (episcopal) rank :

Coordinates: 30°25′N 31°34′E / 30.417°N 31.567°E / 30.417; 31.567

Climate

Bilbeis is classified by Köppen-Geiger climate classification system as hot desert (BWh),[2] as the rest of Egypt.

Climate data for Bilbeis
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 18.7
(65.7)		 20
(68)		 23.7
(74.7)		 27.9
(82.2)		 31.7
(89.1)		 34.5
(94.1)		 34.2
(93.6)		 34.1
(93.4)		 31.8
(89.2)		 30.1
(86.2)		 25.3
(77.5)		 21
(70)		 27.75
(81.98)
Daily mean °C (°F) 13.1
(55.6)		 13.8
(56.8)		 16.8
(62.2)		 20.2
(68.4)		 23.9
(75)		 27
(81)		 27.5
(81.5)		 27.6
(81.7)		 25.3
(77.5)		 23.4
(74.1)		 19.8
(67.6)		 15.1
(59.2)		 21.13
(70.05)
Average low °C (°F) 7.5
(45.5)		 7.7
(45.9)		 10
(50)		 12.6
(54.7)		 16.1
(61)		 19.5
(67.1)		 20.9
(69.6)		 21.2
(70.2)		 18.9
(66)		 16.8
(62.2)		 14.3
(57.7)		 9.2
(48.6)		 14.56
(58.21)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 7
(0.28)		 3
(0.12)		 3
(0.12)		 1
(0.04)		 1
(0.04)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 2
(0.08)		 4
(0.16)		 4
(0.16)		 25
(1)
Source: Climate-Data.org[2]

See also

References

  1. ↑
  2. 1 2 "Climate: Bilbeis - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 13 August 2013.

Sources and External links

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