Compartment (pharmacokinetics)

In pharmacokinetics, a compartment is a defined volume of body fluids. It is distinguished from anatomic compartments, which are bounded by fasciae. It is used in multi-compartment models.

Examples

There are five major body compartments:^[1]

The transcellular compartment includes fluids in the pleural cavity or peritoneal cavity.

Comparison table

Compartment	estimated % of body mass^[1]
blood plasma	5
interstitial fluid	16
fat tissue	20 (see also body fat percentage)
intracellular fluid	35
transcellular fluid	2

Mnemonic: 60-40-20-15-5: % of TBW, Intracellular fluid, Extracellular fluid, interstitial fluid, plasma

References

1 2 Rang, H. P. (2003). Pharmacology. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 0-443-07145-4. Page 102

Concepts in pharmacology

Pharmacokinetics	(L)ADME: (Liberation) Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion (Clearance) Loading dose Volume of distribution (Initial) Rate of infusion Compartment Bioequivalence Bioavailability Onset of action Biological half-life Plasma protein binding Therapeutic index (LD₅₀/ED₅₀)

Pharmacodynamics	Toxicity (Neurotoxicology) Dose–response relationship (Efficacy, Potency) Antimicrobial pharmacodynamics: Minimum inhibitory concentration/Bacteriostatic Minimum bactericidal concentration/Bactericide

Agonism and antagonism	Agonist: Inverse agonist Irreversible agonist Partial agonist Superagonist Physiological agonist Antagonist: Competitive antagonist Irreversible antagonist Physiological antagonist Other: Binding Affinity Binding selectivity Functional selectivity

Other	Drug tolerance: Tachyphylaxis Drug resistance: Antibiotic resistance Multiple drug resistance

Drug discovery strategies	Classical pharmacology Reverse pharmacology

Related fields/subfields	Pharmacogenetics Pharmacogenomics Neuropsychopharmacology (Neuropharmacology, Psychopharmacology)

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