Parvocellular red nucleus

Parvocellular red nucleus
Identifiers
NeuroLex ID	Parvocellular part of red nucleus
*Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy* [edit on Wikidata]


Identifiers
NeuroLex ID	Mitral Cell
*Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy* [edit on Wikidata]

The parvocellular red nucleus (RNp) is located in the rostral midbrain and is involved in motor coordination. Together with the magnocellular red nucleus, it makes up the red nucleus.^[1]

References

↑ Yamaguchi K, Goto N (2008). "Development of the human parvocellular red nucleus. A morphological study". Developmental Neuroscience 30 (5): 325–330. doi:10.1159/000142733. PMID 18594131.

Anatomy of the midbrain

Tectum
(Dorsal)

Surface	Corpora quadrigemina: Inferior colliculus Brachium Superior colliculus Brachium

Grey matter	Pretectal area

White: Sensory/ascending	Spinotectal tract Central tegmental tract

White: Motor/descending	Tectospinal tract

Peduncle
(Ventral)

Tegmentum

White: Sensory/ascending

White: Motor/descending

Grey: cranial nuclei

Grey: other

Periaqueductal gray Raphe nuclei dorsal

Ventral tegmental area Pedunculopontine nucleus Red nucleus

Rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus

Ventricular system

Cerebral aqueduct

Base

White: Motor/descending	Cerebral crus: Corticospinal tract Corticobulbar tract Corticopontine tract/Frontopontine fibers/Temporopontine fibers

Grey: Substantia nigra	Pars compacta Pars reticulata

Surface	Superior cerebellar peduncle Decussation Interpeduncular fossa

Brain and spinal cord: neural tracts and fasciculi

Sensory/
ascending

PCML

1°:	Pacinian corpuscle/Meissner's corpuscle → Posterior column (Gracile fasciculus/Cuneate fasciculus) → Gracile nucleus/Cuneate nucleus

2°:	→ sensory decussation/arcuate fibers (Posterior external arcuate fibers, Internal arcuate fibers) → Medial lemniscus/Trigeminal lemniscus → Thalamus (VPL, VPM)

3°:	→ Posterior limb of internal capsule → Postcentral gyrus

Anterolateral/
pain

Fast/lateral	1° (Free nerve ending → A delta fiber) → 2° (Anterior white commissure → Lateral and Anterior Spinothalamic tract → Spinal lemniscus → VPL of Thalamus) → 3° (Postcentral gyrus) → 4° (Posterior parietal cortex) 2° (Spinomesencephalic tract → Superior colliculus of Midbrain tectum)

Slow/medial	1° (Group C nerve fiber → Spinoreticular tract → Reticular formation) → 2° (MD of Thalamus) → 3° (Cingulate cortex)

Motor/
descending

Pyramidal

flexion: Primary motor cortex → Posterior limb of internal capsule → Decussation of pyramids → Corticospinal tract (Lateral, Anterior) → Neuromuscular junction

Extrapyramidal

flexion:	Primary motor cortex → Genu of internal capsule → Corticobulbar tract → Facial motor nucleus → Facial muscles

flexion:	Red nucleus → Rubrospinal tract

extension:	Vestibulocerebellum → Vestibular nuclei → Vestibulospinal tract

extension:	Vestibulocerebellum → Reticular formation → Reticulospinal tract

Midbrain tectum → Tectospinal tract → muscles of neck

Basal ganglia

direct:	1° (Motor cortex → Striatum) → 2° (GPi) → 3° (Lenticular fasciculus/Ansa lenticularis → Thalamic fasciculus → VL of Thalamus) → 4° (Thalamocortical radiations → Supplementary motor area) → 5° (Motor cortex)

indirect:	1° (Motor cortex → Striatum) → 2° (GPe) → 3° (Subthalamic fasciculus → Subthalamic nucleus) → 4° (Subthalamic fasciculus → GPi) → 5° (Lenticular fasciculus/Ansa lenticularis → Thalamic fasciculus → VL of Thalamus) → 6° (Thalamocortical radiations → Supplementary motor area) → 7° (Motor cortex)

nigrostriatal pathway:	Pars compacta → Striatum

Cerebellar

Afferent

Vestibular nuclei → Vestibulocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellum → Granule cell

Pontine nuclei → Pontocerebellar fibers → MCP → Deep cerebellar nuclei → Granule cell

Inferior olivary nucleus → Olivocerebellar tract → ICP → Hemisphere → Purkinje cell → Deep cerebellar nuclei

Efferent

Dentate nucleus in Lateral hemisphere/pontocerebellum → SCP → Dentatothalamic tract → Thalamus (VL) → Motor cortex

Interposed nucleus in Intermediate hemisphere/spinocerebellum → SCP → Reticular formation, or → Cerebellothalamic tract → Red nucleus → Thalamus (VL) → Motor cortex

Fastigial nucleus in Flocculonodular lobe/vestibulocerebellum → Vestibulocerebellar tract → Vestibular nuclei

Bidirectional:
Spinocerebellar

Unconscious proprioception	lower limb → 1° (muscle spindles → DRG) → 2° (Posterior thoracic nucleus → Dorsal/posterior spinocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellar vermis) upper limb → 1° (muscle spindles → DRG) → 2° (Accessory cuneate nucleus → Cuneocerebellar tract → ICP → Anterior lobe of cerebellum)

Reflex arc	lower limb → 1° (Golgi tendon organ) → 2° (Ventral/anterior spinocerebellar tract→ SCP → Cerebellar vermis) upper limb → 1° (Golgi tendon organ) → 2° (Rostral spinocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellum)

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Friday, January 16, 2015. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.