Padarn

Saint Padarn
Venerated in Roman Catholic and Anglican churches
Canonized pre-canonical
See also: Padarn Beisrudd

Another Paternus was a bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zaragoza from 1040–1077.

Padarn (Latin: Paternus) (d. c.550)[1] was an early 6th century sanctified British Christian abbot-bishop, the eponymous founder of St Padarn's Church, Llanbadarn Fawr,[2] Kingdom of Ceredigion, near present-day Aberystwyth, Wales. Also traditionally the first bishop of Braga, Saint Paternus of Avranches in Normandy appears to be the same person. Padarn also built a monastery in Vannes and is considered one of the seven founder saints of Brittany. Padarn's early vita is one of five insular and two Breton saints' lives that mention King Arthur independently of Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae.[3]

Life

The Vita Sancti Paterni, a major source for biographical details of Padarn, may be an epitome of a previous, more extensive source. In it Padarn is Armorican by race, born to "Petran, his father, and Guean, his mother".[1] His parents "dedicated themselves to Christ" and Petran left Letavia (modern Brittany) for Ireland. Thomas Wakeman names Padarn a nephew of Hoel of Cornouaille.[4]

Around the year 524 Padarn travelled to join his father in Ireland. He joined a fellowship of monks led by his cousin, St. Cadvan, who were travelling to Britannia. At this time, as in many saint's live's of the era, there appears an aristocratic military function in Padarn's career, for among the travellers were Padarn's cousins, who appointed him the fourth leader of a troop, "you should rule over people for example of life".[4]

Padarn became a student at Illtud's school, Cor Tewdws.[4] Padarn later founded a monastery at Llanbadarn Fawr, near Aberystwyth, which became the seat of a new diocese, with him as its first bishop.[1] He then left it charge of a trusted steward and proceeded to Ireland. Padarn's spiritual countenance is sufficient to calm the armies of kings of two provinces.[5]

After Padarn returned to Llanbadarn Fawr, Maelgwn Gwynedd tried to cheat him out of property belonging to the monastery. Two of Maelgwn's evil heralds are undone by the Trial by ordeal of boiling water; scalded and defeated, "Their souls in raven-forms fly to the riverbed, which unto this day by the name of one of them is called, to wit, Graban."[6] Maelgwn Gwynedd himself is first cursed and then cured of his sickness and blindness when he comes on bended knee to ask forgiveness and to bestow lands on Padarn's community, which are laid out with the exactitude of a deed: "a quantity of land, that is, from the mouth of the river Rheidiol upwards until it touches at its head the limit of the river Clarach; and along the length of the same river as far as the sea is the limit prolonged."[7]

In the Vita Sancti Paterni Padarn travels on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem with Saint David and Saint Teilo for all three to be ordained bishops by the patriarch. Along the way the acquired the gift of tongues so that whomever they spoke to understood them in his own language.[5] The patriarch gave Paternus two gifts, a crozier and a finely woven tunic. On their return, they amicably divided Britannia into three bishoprics.[8]

Padarn finally returned to Letavia, where his fame filled the region and "made peace" with the bishop Samson in Vannes, where Padarn his built a monastery and subsequently made a peace with the six bishops of Armorica, of which he now made a seventh.

Padarn and Arthur

Paternus

In the most celebrated episode, King Arthur tries to steal Padarn's tunic. This theme connects the story to Padarn Redcoat whose coat was one of the Thirteen Treasures of the Island of Britain;[5]

When Padarn was in his church resting after so much labour at sea, a certain tyrant, Arthur by name, was traversing the regions on either side, who one day came to the cell of saint Padarn the bishop. And while he was addressing Padarn, he looked at the tunic, which he, being pierced with the zeal of avarice, sought for his own. The saint answering said, "This tunic is not fitting for the habit of any malign person, but for the habit of the clerical office." He went out of the monastery in a rage. And again he returns in wrath, that he might take away the tunic against the counsels of his own companions. One of the disciples of Padarn seeing him returning in fury, ran to saint Padarn and said, "The tyrant, who went out from here before, is returning. Reviling, stamping, he levels the ground with his feet". Padarn answers "Nay rather, may the earth swallow him." With the word straightway the earth opens the hollow of its depth, and swallows Arthur up to his chin. He immediately acknowledging his guilt begins to praise both God and Padarn, until, while he begs forgiveness, the earth delivered him up. From that place on bent knees he begged the saint for indulgence, whom the saint forgave. And he took Padarn as his continual patron, and so departed.[9]

Miscellany

Saint Paternus of Avranches in Normandy appears to be the same person but he is said to have been born in Poitiers, become a monk at the Abbey of Marnes in France and retreated with his fellow monk, Saint Scubilion to the forest of Seicy in the diocese of Coutances before the Bishop of Coutances made him a priest in 512.[10]

Feast day: April 16 [11] Three days were kept to honour Padern in Armorica; The Armoricans celebrate three solemnities of his, that is, that day of the Kalends of November, when he formed perpetual unity with the six chief saints of Letia, and the day of his obit, and the day, on which he received the order of the episcopate, that is, the twelfth before the Kalends of the month of July.

St Padarn’s Institute, located at St Michael’s Conference Centre, Llandaff, handles the ministry training for ministry in the Church in Wales.[12]

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 "St. Padarn of Wales", Parish of Oystermouth, Swansea
  2. ↑ Llanbadarn, "Padarn's church".
  3. ↑ J.S.P. Tatlock, "The Dates of the Arthurian Saints' Legends", Speculum 14.3 (July 1939:345–365) pp. 349ff.
  4. 1 2 3 Wakeman, tho,as. Lives of the Cambro British Saints, Chap X, W. Rees, 1853
  5. 1 2 3 Maddem, Eric. Snowdonia Folk Tales, The History Press, 2015, ISBN 9780750966429
  6. ↑ Vita Sancti Paterni §18.
  7. ↑ A. W. Wade-Evans, ed. (1944). Vitae Sanctorum Britanniae et Genealogia. University of Wales Press., p. 259
  8. ↑ Over, Kristen Lee., Kingship, Conquest, and Patria, Routledge, 2014, ISBN 9781135474164
  9. ↑ Vita Sancti Paterni §21.
  10. ↑ "Lives of the Saints, For Every Day of the Year" edited by Rev. Hugo Hoever, S.O.Cist, Ph.D., New York: Catholic Book Publishing Co., 1955, p. 151
  11. ↑ Catholic Online
  12. ↑ "St Padarn’s appoints first Principal", The Church in Wales

Bibliography

External links

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Friday, February 12, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.