Orthonitrate
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Orthonitrate | |
| Identifiers | |
| 54991-46-7 | |
| Jmol interactive 3D | Image |
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| Properties | |
| NO43- | |
| Molar mass | 78.006 |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Orthonitrate is a tetrahedral oxoanion of nitrogen with the formula NO43−. It was first identified in 1977[1] and is currently known in only two compounds, sodium orthonitrate (Na3NO4) and potassium orthonitrate (K3NO4). These can be prepared by fusion of the nitrate and metal oxide under high temperatures[2] and ideally high pressures (several GPa).[3]
- NaNO3 + Na2O → Na3NO4 (300°C for 3 days)[4]
The resulting orthonitrates are white solids which are extremely moisture and CO2 sensitive, decomposing within minutes to carbonate and hydroxide upon exposure to air.[1]
- Na3NO4 + CO2 → NaNO3 + Na2CO3
- Na3NO4 + H2O → NaNO3 + 2NaOH
The orthonitrate ion is tetrahedral with N-O bond lengths of 139 pm, which is unexpectedly short, indicating that polar interactions are shortening the bond as dπ orbitals are too high in energy to be involved.[4]
Other nitrogen oxoanions
References
- 1 2 Jansen, Martin (August 1977). "Detection of an Orthonitrate by Vibrational Spectroscopy: Na3NO4". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 16 (8): 534–535. doi:10.1002/anie.197705341.
- ↑ Jansen, Martin (1979-08-31). "Crystal Structure of Na3NO4". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 18 (9): 698–699. doi:10.1002/anie.197906982.
- ↑ Quesada Cabrera, R.; Sella, A.; Bailey, E.; Leynaud, O.; McMillan, P.F. (April 2011). "High-pressure synthesis and structural behavior of sodium orthonitrate Na3NO4". Journal of Solid State Chemistry 184 (4): 915–920. doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2011.02.013.
- 1 2 Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.
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