Norman Jewison

Norman Jewison
Jewison in 2012
Born	Norman Frederick Jewison (1926-07-21) July 21, 1926 Toronto, Ontario
Alma mater	Victoria College, University of Toronto
Occupation	Film director and producer
Years active	1950–2003
Spouse(s)	Margaret Ann Dixon (1953–2004; 3 children) Lynne St. David (m. November 2010)

Norman Frederick Jewison, CC, O.Ont (born July 21, 1926) is a Canadian film director, producer, actor and founder of the Canadian Film Centre. Highlights of his directing career include The Cincinnati Kid (1965), The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming (1966), In the Heat of the Night (1967), The Thomas Crown Affair (1968), Fiddler on the Roof (1971), Jesus Christ Superstar (1973), F.I.S.T (1978), ...And Justice for All (1979), A Soldier's Story (1984), Agnes of God (1985), Moonstruck (1987), Other People's Money (1991), The Hurricane (1999) and The Statement (2003). Jewison has addressed important social and political issues throughout his directing and producing career, often making controversial or complicated subjects accessible to mainstream audiences.

Early life

Jewison was born in Toronto, Ontario, the son of Dorothy Irene (née Weaver) and Percy Joseph Jewison, who managed a convenience store and post office.^[1] He attended Kew Beach School and Malvern Collegiate Institute, and while growing up in the 1930s displayed an aptitude for performing and theatre. Jewison was often mistaken for Jewish due to his surname, though he and his family were actually Protestant.^[2] He served in the Royal Canadian Navy (1944–1945) during World War II, and after being discharged traveled in the American South, where he encountered segregation, an experience that would influence his later work.^[3]

Jewison attended Victoria College in the University of Toronto, graduating with a B.A. in 1949. As a student he was involved in writing, directing, and acting in various theatrical productions, including the All-Varsity Revue in 1949. Following graduation, he moved to London, where he worked sporadically as a script writer for a children's show and bit part actor for the BBC, while supporting himself with odd jobs. Out of work in Britain in late 1951, he returned to Canada to become a production trainee at CBLT in Toronto, which was preparing for the launch of CBC Television.^[4]

Career

Television

When CBC Television went on the air in the fall of 1952, Jewison was an assistant director.^[4] During the next seven years he wrote, directed, and produced a wide variety of musicals, comedy-variety shows, dramas, and specials, including the The Big Revue, Showtime and The Barris Beat. In 1953 he married Margaret Ann "Dixie" Dixon, a former model. They would have three children – Michael, Kevin, and Jennifer – who would all pursue careers in the entertainment world.^[5]

In 1958 Jewison was recruited to work for CBS in New York, where his first assignment was Your Hit Parade, followed by The Andy Williams Show. The success of these shows led to directing specials featuring performers such as Harry Belafonte, Jackie Gleason, and Danny Kaye. The television production that proved pivotal to Jewison's career was the Judy Garland "comeback" special that aired in 1961, which included Frank Sinatra and Dean Martin, and led to a weekly show that Jewison was later called in to direct. Visiting the studio during rehearsal for the special, actor Tony Curtis suggested to Jewison that he should direct a feature film.^[3] It was not until the early 1990s that he would branch back into television, starting with producing the TNT biographical film Geronimo (1993).^[6]

Film

Jewison's career as a film director began with the comedy Forty Pounds of Trouble (1962), starring Curtis. The next three films he directed, including two with Doris Day, The Thrill of It All (1963) and Send Me No Flowers (1964), were also light comedies done under contract for Universal Studios. After The Art of Love (1965), Jewison was determined to escape from the genre and tackle more demanding projects. His breakthrough film proved to be The Cincinnati Kid (1965), a drama starring Steve McQueen, now considered one of the finest movies made about gambling, and Jewison considers it one of his personal favorites because it was his first challenging drama.^[7] This triumph was followed in 1966 by the acclaimed satire on Cold War paranoia, The Russians Are Coming, The Russians Are Coming, which was the first film Jewison also produced, and was nominated for four Academy Awards, including Best Picture.

Continuing the string of successes was one of the films that has become closely identified with its director, In the Heat of the Night (1967), a crime drama set in a racially divided Southern town and starring Sidney Poitier and Rod Steiger, which won five Academy Awards, including Best Picture, while Jewison was nominated for Best Director. As a follow-up he directed and produced another film with McQueen, using innovative multiple screen images in the crime caper The Thomas Crown Affair (1968). From that point Jewison produced all feature films he directed, often with associate Patrick Palmer, and he also acted as producer for films directed by others, beginning with his former film editor Hal Ashby's directoral debut The Landlord (1970).^[8]

After the completion of the period comedy Gaily, Gaily (1969), Jewison, having become disenchanted with the political climate in the United States, moved his family to England. At Pinewood Studios northwest of London, and on location in Yugoslavia, he worked on what would become one of the top grossing films of all time, the musical Fiddler on the Roof (1971, re-issued 1979), which won three Oscars and was nominated for five others, including Best Picture and Director. During the filming of Fiddler, Jewison was also the subject of the 1971 National Film Board of Canada documentary, Norman Jewison, Filmmaker directed by Douglas Jackson.^[9]

Jewison's next project was the musical Jesus Christ Superstar (1973), based on the Broadway musical written by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice. It was filmed in Israel, where Jewison also produced the western Billy Two Hats (1974), starring Gregory Peck. Superstar, controversial for its treatment of a sacred subject, was followed by another movie that sparked critical debate, this time over violence, Rollerball (1975), set in the near future when corporations ruled the world and entertainment centered around a deadly game. The next film he directed, the labor union drama F.I.S.T. (1978), loosely based on the life of Jimmy Hoffa, also provided some controversy, this time regarding the screenwriting credit. Screenwriter Joe Eszterhas was unhappy to share the screenwriting credit with the film's star Sylvester Stallone, as he felt that Stallone's input had been minor, while Stallone claimed to have basically rewritten the whole script.^[10]

In 1978 Jewison returned to Canada, settling in the Caledon area in Ontario and establishing a farm that produced prize-winning cattle. Operating from a base in Toronto, as well as one maintained in California, he directed high profile actors Al Pacino in ...And Justice for All (1979), and Burt Reynolds and Goldie Hawn in the romantic comedy Best Friends (1982), and he produced The Dogs of War (1981) and Iceman (1984). During this period Jewison also produced the 53rd Annual Academy Awards (1981), which was slated to air the day President Ronald Reagan was shot and had to be rescheduled. Revisiting the theme of racial tension that had characterized In the Heat of the Night, Jewison's A Soldier's Story (1984), based on a Pulitzer Prize winning play, was nominated for three Academy Awards, including Best Picture. His subsequent film was also based on an acclaimed play. The provocative Agnes of God (1985), set in a Quebec convent, starred Jane Fonda, Meg Tilly and Anne Bancroft; it received three Academy Award nominations.^[11]

Jewison's next film proved to be one of the most popular romantic films ever made. Moonstruck (1987), starring Cher, was a box office hit that garnered three Academy Awards, including Cher as Best Actress. It also competed for the Oscar for Best Picture, and provided Jewison his third Best Director nomination. During this period he became the force behind a project that had long been of interest: the Canadian Centre for Advanced Film Studies was incorporated in 1986. Renamed the Canadian Film Centre, it began operations in 1988. As founder, Norman Jewison has continued his efforts for the Centre in many capacities. Feature films such as House (directed by Laurie Lynd) and Shoemaker (directed by Colleen Murphy), as well as many short films such as the south Asian Shanti Baba Ram & the Dancers of Hope (directed by Steve Rosenberg), title track by Vikas Kohli of Fatlabs and Elevated (directed by Vincenzo Natali) have all come from the Canadian Film Centre.

For the next decade Jewison continued to direct feature films released by major studios: In Country (1989), a drama concerned with Vietnam veterans and the daughter of a war casualty; Other People's Money (1991), a social comedy about greed in the 1980s; Only You (1994), a romantic comedy set in Italy; and Bogus (1996), a fantasy about a young boy and his imaginary friend. He also served as producer for the film January Man (1989), executive producer for the Canadian movie Dance Me Outside, and branched back into television both as director and producer, including the series The Rez (1996–1998).

The Hurricane (1999) was Jewison's third film to explore the effects of racism, telling the story of boxer Rubin "Hurricane" Carter, who had been falsely convicted for a triple murder in New Jersey during the mid-sixties. Denzel Washington was nominated for an Oscar for his portrayal of Carter. In 1999 Jewison's work was recognized by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences when he was given the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award for lifetime achievement.

Achievements

The Thalberg award was one of many honours Jewison has been awarded, including Honorary Degrees from Trent, Western Ontario and the University of Toronto, and he was made a Companion of the Order of Canada in 1992. Also in 1992, Jewison received the Ramon John Hnatyshyn Award for Voluntarism in the Performing Arts, a companion award of the Governor General's Performing Arts Awards, Canada's highest honour in the performing arts.^[12] In addition, he has received numerous tributes at Canadian and international film festivals and retrospectives, and has been given a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and Canada's Walk of Fame. A park in downtown Toronto was named after him in 2001. In 2003, Jewison received the Governor General's Performing Arts Award for Lifetime Artistic Achievement for his lifetime contribution to film in Canada.^[13]

Norman Jewison has continued directing and producing; his latest film to be released was the thriller The Statement (2003), based on a novel by Brian Moore, and starring Michael Caine. In recognition of his contributions to the arts, as well as his sustained support, he was installed as Chancellor of Victoria University in the University of Toronto in 2004. That same year his autobiography This Terrible Business Has Been Good to Me was published, expressing the enthusiasm, conviction and creative passion that have sustained a rewarding career.^[14]

Jewison has been selected as the recipient of the lifetime achievement award from the Directors Guild of America. Jewison received the honor at the 62nd Annual DGA Awards on January 30, 2010 at the Century Plaza in Los Angeles.^[15]

In 2010 Blake Goldring donated $1,000,000 to Victoria University at the University of Toronto to establish a specialized first year liberal arts program in Norman Jewison's name. The program began in September 2011 welcoming less than 30 select students into Norman Jewison Stream for Imagination and the Arts. Goldring is a 1981 graduate of the school. Jewison was the faculty’s 12th chancellor from May 2004 to October 2010.^[16]

Personal life

Norman Jewison and Margaret Ann Dixon married on July 11, 1953. She died on November 26, 2004, the day following her 74th birthday in Orangeville, Ontario, from undisclosed causes.^[17] They have three children: Kevin, Jennifer and Michael. Jewison has five grandchildren: Ella, Sam, Megan, Henry, and Alexandra. He was married to Lynne St. David in November 2010.

Filmography

As director:

• 40 Pounds of Trouble (1963)
• The Thrill of It All (1963)
• Send Me No Flowers (1964)
• The Art of Love (1965)
• The Cincinnati Kid (1965)
• The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming (1966)
• In the Heat of the Night (1967)
• The Thomas Crown Affair (1968)
• Gaily, Gaily – also known as Chicago, Chicago (1969)
• Fiddler on the Roof (1971)
• Jesus Christ Superstar (1973)
• Rollerball (1975)
• F.I.S.T. (1978)
• ...And Justice for All (1979)
• Best Friends (1982)
• A Soldier's Story (1984)
• Agnes of God (1985)
• Moonstruck (1987)
• In Country (1989)
• Other People's Money (1991)
• Only You (1994)
• Bogus (1996)
• The Hurricane (1999)
• Dinner with Friends (2001) (TV)
• Walter and Henry (2001) (TV)
• The Statement (2003)

Awards

Academy Awards

• 1966 The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming nominated for Best Picture
• 1967 In the Heat of the Night won for Best Picture
• 1967 In the Heat of the Night nominated for Best Director
• 1971 Fiddler on the Roof nominated for Best Picture
• 1971 Fiddler on the Roof nominated for Best Director
• 1984 A Soldier's Story nominated for Best Picture
• 1987 Moonstruck nominated for Best Picture
• 1987 Moonstruck nominated for Best Director

38th Berlin International Film Festival

• 1988 Moonstruck won the Silver Bear for Best Director^[18]

British Academy Film Awards

• 1967 In the Heat of the Night nominated for Best Film – Any Source
• 1967 In the Heat of the Night won for United Nations Award

14th Moscow International Film Festival^[19]

• 1985 A Soldier's Story won the Golden Prize

New York Film Critics Circle Award

• 1971 Fiddler on the Roof nominated for Best Direction
• 1971 Fiddler on the Roof nominated for Best Film
• 1967 In the Heat of the Night nominated for Best Direction
• 1967 In the Heat of the Night won for Best Film

Other awards

• Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award (1999)^[20]
• American Cinema Editors Golden Eddie Award (2008)^[4]
• Director's Guild of Canada Lifetime Achievement Award (2002)^[21]
• Windsor International Film Festival Lifetime Achievement Award (2014)^[22]

Canadian honours system

Ribbon	Description	Notes
	Order of Canada (CC)	Companion 1992 Officer 1982
	Order of Ontario (O. Ont)	Member 1989
	1939-45 Star	For Service with the Royal Canadian Navy during WWII
	Defence Medal	For Service with the Royal Canadian Navy during WWII
	Canadian Volunteer Service Medal	For Service with the Royal Canadian Navy during WWII With Overseas Clasp
	1939-45 War Medal	For Service with the Royal Canadian Navy during WWII
	125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada Medal	1992
	Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal	2002 Canadian Version of this Medal
	Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal	2012 Canadian Version of this Medal

References

External links

• Media related to Norman Jewison at Wikimedia Commons
• The Norman Jewison Collection at the Victoria University Library at the University of Toronto contains photographs and publicity materials, papers and correspondence, shooting scripts and schedules for films directed or produced by Jewison between 1975 and 2003.
• Order of Canada Citation
• Norman Jewison at the Internet Movie Database
• CBC Digital Archives: Master Storyteller Norman Jewison
• movie clips: "The Films of Norman Jewison" on YouTube, compilation, 5 min.