Non-Hispanic whites

Non-Hispanic whites
White, not Hispanic or Latino
Total population
(197,870,516 62.05% of total U.S. population, 2014^[1])
Regions with significant populations
Throughout the United States
Languages
Predominantly American English with local minorities who speak American French (Louisiana, Vermont, Maine, New Hampshire), Pennsylvania German language (Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana), and immigrant languages (esp. Russian, Arabic, Italian, Polish, and Greek^[2])
Religion
Mostly Christianity; minorities practice Judaism, and other faiths or are nonreligious

White Non-Hispanic population percentage by state in 2012.

Non-Hispanic whites or whites not of Hispanic or Latino origin are people in the United States, as defined by the Census Bureau, who are of the white race and are not of Hispanic or Latino origin/ethnicity.^[3]^[4] Non-Hispanic whites are a subcategory of white Americans, the other being white Hispanic and Latino Americans.

Although generally all nations in Europe have contributed to the white population through emigration to Northern America in the last few centuries, the vast majority of non-Hispanic whites trace their origins to Northwestern Europe while another major source originates in Southern Italy; German, Irish, and English ancestries are the most common.

In the United States, this population was first derived from British, French and Spanish colonization, as well as settlement by other Europeans, such as the Germans and Dutch that began in the 17th century (see History of the United States). Continued growth since the early 19th century is attributed to sustained very high birth rates alongside relatively low death rates among settlers and natives alike as well as periodically massive immigration from European countries, especially Germany, Ireland, England, Italy, Sweden, and Norway, as well as Poland, Russia, and many more countries. In 2011, for the first time in U.S. history, non-Hispanic whites accounted for under half of the births in the country, with 49.6% of total births.^[5] At 197.2 million in 2012, non-Hispanic whites comprise 62.8% of the total U.S. population.^[5]^[6]

Trends

The Non-Hispanic white population in the United States has been declining since 1940s as a percentage of the total US population due to a number of factors:

1. Lower birth rates. Non-Hispanic whites are having fewer children relative to other groups. Preliminary 2012 data show that non-Hispanic whites have a total fertility rate of 1.76 children per woman, compared to 1.90 for non-Hispanic blacks, 2.19 for Hispanics, and 1.77 for Asians.^[7] Since 1990, rates for other races have been falling while the non-Hispanic white rate has been more or less stable, but the two largest groups, Hispanics and non-Hispanic blacks, remain higher.^[8] Since 1997, Asian fertility has been lower than that of non-Hispanic whites except during a Year of the Dragon (2000 and 2012), but the Asian population structure has relatively more women of childbearing age and fewer elderly than the white population does, leading to Asians having a higher crude birth rate and lower crude death rate than whites.

2. Immigration. The U.S. takes more immigrants than the rest of the world combined with the vast majority coming from countries where the population is of non-white and/or Hispanic origin. Immigration to the U.S. from European countries has been in a steady decline since World War II averaging 56% of all immigrants in the 1950s and declining to 35% of all immigrants in the 1960s, 20% in the 1970s, 11% in the 1980s, 14% in the 1990s, and 13% in the 2000s. In 2009, approximately 90% of all immigrants came from non-European countries.^[9] The U.S. does receive a small number of non-Hispanic white immigrants, mainly from countries such as Brazil, Canada, Poland, Russia, and the U.K., as well as Egypt and Iran. ^[10]

3. Intermarriage. The USA is seeing an unprecedented increase in intermarriage between the various racial and ethnic groups. In 2008, a record 14.6% of all new marriages in the United States were between spouses of a different race or ethnicity from one another. 9% of non-Hispanic whites who married in 2008 married either a non-white or Hispanic. Among all newlyweds in 2008, intermarried pairings were primarily white-Hispanic of any race (41%) as compared to white-Asian (15%), white-black (11%), and other combinations (33%). Other combinations consists of pairings between different minority groups, multi-racial people, and American Indians.^[11] The children of such unions would not generally be classified as white Non-Hispanic (although note that one self-identifies their racial and/or ethnic category).

4. Methodology. In the 2000 Census, people were allowed to check more than one race in addition to choosing "Hispanic." There was strong opposition to this from some civil rights activists who feared that this would reduce the size of various racial minorities. The government responded by counting those who are white and of one minority race or ethnicity as minorities for the purposes of civil-rights monitoring and enforcement. Hence one could be 1/8th black and still be counted as a minority.^[12] Also, because this does not apply to Hispanic origin (one is either Hispanic or not, but cannot be both Hispanic and non-Hispanic), the offspring of Hispanics and non-Hispanics are usually counted as Hispanic.

5. Attrition. Minority populations are younger than non-Hispanic whites. The national median age in 2011 was 37.3 with non-Hispanic whites having the oldest median age (42.3) while Hispanics have the youngest (27.6). Non-Hispanic blacks (32.9) and non-Hispanic Asians (35.9) also are younger than whites.^[13] In 2013, the Census Bureau reported that for the first time, due to the more advanced age profile of the non-Hispanic white population, non-Hispanic whites died at a faster rate than non-Hispanic white births.^[14]

Although non-Hispanic whites are declining as a percentage, in actual numbers they have still been growing. From 2000 - 2010 the non-Hispanic white population grew from 194,552,774 to 196,817,552 - A growth of 1.2% over the 10-year period, due to residual population momentum.^[15]

Population by state or territory

**White Non-Hispanic population by state or territory (1990–2012)**^[6]^[16]
State/Territory	Pop 1990	% pop 1990	Pop 2000	% pop 2000	Pop 2010	% pop 2010	Pop 2012	% pop 2012	% growth 2000-2012	% pop 1990-2012
Alabama	2,960,167	73.3%	3,125,819	70.3%	3,204,402	67.0%	3,212,468	66.6%	+2.8%	-6.7 pp
Alaska	406,722	73.9%	423,788	67.6%	455,320	64.1%	460,453	63.0%	+8.7%	-10.9 pp
Arizona	2,626,185	71.7%	3,274,258	63.8%	3,695,647	57.8%	3,730,370	56.9%	+13.9%	-14.8 pp
Arkansas	1,933,082	82.2%	2,100,135	78.6%	2,173,469	74.5%	2,179,168	73.9%	+3.8%	-8.3 pp
California	17,029,126	57.2%	15,816,790	46.7%	14,956,253	40.1%	14,904,055	39.2%	-5.8%	-18.0 pp
Colorado	2,658,945	80.7%	3,202,880	74.5%	3,520,793	70.0%	3,599,838	69.4%	+12.4%	-11.3 pp
Connecticut	2,754,184	83.8%	2,638,845	77.5%	2,546,262	71.2%	2,512,773	70.0%	-4.8%	-13.8 pp
Delaware	528,092	79.3%	567,973	72.5%	586,752	65.3%	589,642	64.3%	+3.8%	-15.0 pp
District of Columbia	166,131	27.4%	159,178	27.8%	209,464	34.8%	222,975	35.3%	+40.1%	+7.9 pp
Florida	9,475,326	73.2%	10,458,509	65.4%	10,884,722	57.9%	10,966,711	56.8%	+4.9%	-16.4 pp
Georgia	4,543,425	70.1%	5,128,661	62.6%	5,413,920	55.9%	5,460,416	55.0%	+6.5%	-15.1 pp
Hawaii	347,644	31.4%	277,091	22.9%	309,343	22.7%	317,032	22.8%	+14.4%	-8.6 pp
Idaho	928,661	92.2%	1,139,291	88.0%	1,316,243	84.0%	1,330,942	83.4%	+16.8%	-8.8 pp
Illinois	8,550,208	74.8%	8,424,140	67.8%	8,167,753	63.7%	8,093,687	62.9%	-3.9%	-11.9 pp
Indiana	4,965,242	89.6%	5,219,373	85.8%	5,286,453	81.5%	5,289,249	80.9%	+1.3%	-8.7 pp
Iowa	2,663,840	95.9%	2,710,344	92.6%	2,701,123	88.7%	2,705,704	88.0%	-0.2%	-7.9 pp
Kansas	2,190,524	88.4%	2,233,997	83.1%	2,230,539	78.2%	2,234,826	77.4%	0.0%	-11.0 pp
Kentucky	3,378,022	91.7%	3,608,013	89.3%	3,745,655	86.3%	3,760,302	85.8%	+4.2%	-5.9 pp
Louisiana	2,776,022	65.8%	2,794,391	62.5%	2,734,884	60.3%	2,748,748	59.7%	-1.6%	-6.1 pp
Maine	1,203,357	98.0%	1,230,297	96.5%	1,254,297	94.4%	1,250,688	94.1%	+1.7%	-3.9 pp
Maryland	3,326,109	69.6%	3,286,547	62.1%	3,157,958	54.7%	3,166,263	53.8%	-3.7%	-15.8 pp
Massachusetts	5,280,292	87.8%	5,198,359	81.9%	4,984,800	76.1%	5,003,798	75.3%	-3.7%	-12.6 pp
Michigan	7,649,951	82.3%	7,806,691	78.6%	7,569,939	76.6%	7,523,647	76.1%	-3.6%	-6.2 pp
Minnesota	4,101,266	93.7%	4,337,143	88.2%	4,405,142	83.1%	4,424,944	82.3%	+2.0%	-11.4 pp
Mississippi	1,624,198	63.1%	1,727,908	60.7%	1,722,287	58.0%	1,717,214	57.5%	-0.6%	-5.6 pp
Missouri	4,448,465	86.9%	4,686,474	83.8%	4,850,748	81.0%	4,848,758	80.5%	+3.5%	-6.4 pp
Montana	733,878	91.8%	807,823	89.5%	868,628	87.8%	876,782	87.2%	+8.5%	-4.6 pp
Nebraska	1,460,095	92.5%	1,494,494	87.3%	1,499,753	82.1%	1,509,066	81.3%	+1.0%	-11.2 pp
Nevada	946,357	78.7%	1,303,001	65.2%	1,462,081	54.1%	1,455,200	52.7%	+11.7%	-26.0 pp
New Hampshire	1,079,484	97.3%	1,175,252	95.1%	1,215,050	92.3%	1,212,389	91.8%	+3.2%	-5.5 pp
New Jersey	5,718,966	74.0%	5,557,209	66.0%	5,214,878	59.3%	5,134,994	57.9%	-7.6%	-16.1 pp
New Mexico	764,164	50.4%	813,495	44.7%	833,810	40.5%	827,066	39.7%	+1.7%	-10.7 pp
New York	12,460,189	69.3%	11,760,981	62.0%	11,304,247	58.3%	11,227,534	57.4%	-4.5%	-11.9 pp
North Carolina	4,971,127	75.0%	5,647,155	70.2%	6,223,995	65.3%	6,292,533	64.5%	+11.4%	-10.5 pp
North Dakota	601,592	94.2%	589,149	91.7%	598,007	88.9%	616,194	88.1%	+4.6%	-6.1 pp
Ohio	9,444,622	87.1%	9,538,111	84.0%	9,359,263	81.1%	9,309,291	80.6%	-2.4%	-6.5 pp
Oklahoma	2,547,588	81.0%	2,556,368	74.1%	2,575,381	68.7%	2,585,779	67.8%	+1.2%	-13.2 pp
Oregon	2,579,732	90.8%	2,857,616	83.5%	3,005,848	78.5%	3,026,649	77.6%	+5.9%	-13.2 pp
Pennsylvania	10,422,058	87.7%	10,322,455	84.1%	10,094,652	79.5%	10,035,953	78.6%	-2.8%	-9.1 pp
Rhode Island	896,109	89.3%	858,433	81.9%	803,685	76.4%	791,560	75.4%	-7.8%	-13.9 pp
South Carolina	2,390,056	68.5%	2,652,291	66.1%	2,962,740	64.1%	3,016,843	63.9%	+13.7%	-4.6 pp
South Dakota	634,788	91.2%	664,585	88.0%	689,502	84.7%	698,504	83.8%	+5.1%	-7.4 pp
Tennessee	4,027,631	82.6%	4,505,930	79.2%	4,800,782	75.6%	4,840,886	75.0%	+7.4%	-7.6 pp
Texas	10,291,680	60.6%	10,933,313	52.4%	11,397,345	45.3%	11,554,528	44.3%	+5.7%	-16.3 pp
Utah	1,571,254	91.2%	1,904,265	85.3%	2,221,719	80.4%	2,278,904	79.8%	+19.7%	-11.4 pp
Vermont	552,184	98.1%	585,431	96.2%	590,223	94.3%	588,138	94.0%	+0.5%	-4.3 pp
Virginia	4,701,650	76.0%	4,965,637	70.2%	5,186,450	64.8%	5,234,502	63.9%	+5.4%	-12.1 pp
Washington	4,221,622	86.7%	4,652,490	78.9%	4,876,804	72.5%	4,927,042	71.4%	+5.9%	-15.3 pp
West Virginia	1,718,896	95.8%	1,709,966	94.6%	1,726,256	93.2%	1,721,901	92.8%	+0.7%	-3.0 pp
Wisconsin	4,464,677	91.3%	4,681,630	87.3%	4,738,411	83.3%	4,738,842	82.8%	+1.2%	-8.5 pp
Wyoming	412,711	91.0%	438,799	88.9%	483,874	85.9%	487,672	84.6%	+11.1%	-6.4 pp
American Samoa			682	1.2%	611	1.1%			-10.4%
Guam			10,666	6.9%	11,001	6.9%			+3.1%
Northern Mariana Islands			1,274	1.8%	916	1.7%			-28.1%
Puerto Rico			33,966	0.9%	26,946	0.7%	23,542	0.6%	-30.7%
U.S. Virgin Islands			8,580	7.9%	3,830	3.6%			-55.3%
United States of America	188,128,296	75.6%	194,552,774	69.1%	196,817,552	63.7%	197,243,423	62.8%	+1.4%	–11.9 pp

In 2012, in 37 out of the 50 U.S. states non-Hispanic whites made up a greater percentage of the state's population than the U.S. overall share of 62.8%; however, the 13 states with greater shares of non-whites include the four most populous states (California, Texas, New York, and Florida). Also, note that while the total non-Hispanic white population has grown since 2000 in 36 out of the 50 states, the relative share of non-Hispanic whites in the overall state population has declined in all 50 states during that same time period.

As of 2012, four states are majority-minority: Hawaii, California, New Mexico, and Texas.

Historical population by state or territory

**Non-Mexican white (1910-1930) and Non-Hispanic white % of population (1940-2010) by U.S. State**^[17]^[18]^[19]
State/Territory	1930	1940	1960	1970	1980	1990	2000	2010
Alabama		65.3%		73.3%	73.3%	73.3%	70.3%	67.0%
Alaska	48.3%			77.2%	75.8%	73.9%	67.6%	64.1%
Arizona		65.1%		74.3%	74.5%	71.7%	63.8%	57.8%
Arkansas		75.2%		81.0%	82.2%	82.2%	78.6%	74.5%
California		89.5%		76.3%	66.6%	57.2%	46.7%	40.1%
Colorado		90.3%		84.6%	82.7%	80.7%	74.5%	70.0%
Connecticut		97.9%		91.4%	88.0%	83.8%	77.5%	71.2%
Delaware		86.4%		84.1%	81.3%	79.3%	72.5%	65.3%
District of Columbia		71.4%		26.5%	25.7%	27.4%	27.8%	34.8%
Florida		71.5%		77.9%	76.7%	73.2%	65.4%	57.9%
Georgia		65.2%		73.4%	71.6%	70.1%	62.6%	55.9%
Hawaii			31.5%	38.0%	31.1%	31.4%	22.9%	22.7%
Idaho		98.4%		95.9%	93.9%	92.2%	88.0%	84.0%
Illinois		94.7%		83.5%	78.0%	74.8%	67.8%	63.7%
Indiana		96.3%		91.7%	90.2%	89.6%	85.8%	81.5%
Iowa		99.2%		98.0%	96.9%	95.9%	92.6%	88.7%
Kansas		95.6%		92.7%	90.5%	88.4%	83.1%	78.2%
Kentucky		92.5%		92.4%	91.7%	91.7%	89.3%	86.3%
Louisiana		63.7%		68.2%	67.6%	65.8%	62.5%	60.3%
Maine		99.7%		99.1%	98.3%	98.0%	96.5%	94.4%
Maryland		83.3%		80.4%	73.9%	69.6%	62.1%	54.7%
Massachusetts		98.6%		95.4%	92.3%	87.8%	81.9%	76.1%
Michigan		95.7%		87.1%	84.1%	82.3%	78.6%	76.6%
Minnesota		99.0%		97.7%	96.1%	93.7%	88.2%	83.1%
Mississippi		50.6%		62.6%	63.6%	63.1%	60.7%	58.0%
Missouri		93.4%		88.6%	87.7%	86.9%	83.8%	81.0%
Montana		96.2%		94.7%	93.4%	91.8%	89.5%	87.8%
Nebraska		98.2%		95.2%	94.0%	92.5%	87.3%	82.1%
Nevada		91.6%		86.7%	83.2%	78.7%	65.2%	54.1%
New Hampshire		99.9%		99.1%	98.4%	97.3%	95.1%	92.3%
New Jersey		94.3%		84.7%	79.1%	74.0%	66.0%	59.3%
New Mexico		50.9%		53.8%	52.6%	50.4%	44.7%	40.5%
New York		94.6%		80.1%	75.0%	69.3%	62.0%	58.3%
North Carolina		71.9%		76.5%	75.3%	75.0%	70.2%	65.3%
North Dakota		98.3%		96.9%	95.5%	94.2%	91.7%	88.9%
Ohio		95.0%		89.8%	88.2%	87.1%	84.0%	81.1%
Oklahoma		89.9%		88.1%	85.0%	81.0%	74.1%	68.7%
Oregon		98.6%		95.8%	93.3%	90.8%	83.5%	78.5%
Pennsylvania		95.1%		90.3%	89.1%	87.7%	84.1%	79.5%
Rhode Island		98.3%		96.1%	93.4%	89.3%	81.9%	76.4%
South Carolina		57.1%		69.0%	68.3%	68.5%	66.1%	64.1%
South Dakota		96.2%		94.6%	92.3%	91.2%	88.0%	84.7%
Tennessee		82.5%		83.7%	83.1%	82.6%	79.2%	75.6%
Texas		74.1%		69.6%	65.7%	60.6%	52.4%	45.3%
Utah		98.2%		93.6%	92.4%	91.2%	85.3%	80.4%
Vermont		99.7%		99.2%	98.5%	98.1%	96.2%	94.3%
Virginia		75.3%		80.1%	78.2%	76.0%	70.2%	64.8%
Washington		97.7%		93.6%	90.2%	86.7%	78.9%	72.5%
West Virginia		93.7%		95.7%	95.6%	95.8%	94.6%	93.2%
Wisconsin		99.2%		95.6%	93.6%	91.3%	87.3%	83.3%
Wyoming		95.9%		92.1%	92.0%	91.0%	88.9%	85.9%
Puerto Rico							0.9%	0.7%

References

↑ Annual Estimates of the Resident Population by Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin for the United States, States, and Counties: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014
↑ "Table 53. Languages Spoken At Home by Language: 2009", The 2012 Statistical Abstract (U.S. Census Bureau), retrieved 2011-12-27
↑ U.S. Census Bureau definition of race Archived January 4, 2011 at the Wayback Machine
↑ Note that the majority of Hispanic and Latino Americans are white () like the overall population of the United States. Hispanics and Latinos can be of any race: white, black, Asian, etc., as race and ethnicity are independent of each other: "Guidance on the Presentation and Comparison of Race and Hispanic Origin Data". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2010-01-12. Race and Hispanic origin are two separate concepts in the federal statistical system. People who are Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. People in each race group may be either Hispanic or non-Hispanic. Each person has two attributes, their race (or races) and whether or not they are Hispanic. line feed character in |quote= at position 86 (help)
1 2 "Whites Account for Under Half of Births in U.S.".
1 2 "2012 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates". American FactFinder, U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 23 March 2014.
↑ http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr62/nvsr62_03.pdf
↑ http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr62/nvsr62_01.pdf
↑ "US Office of Immigration Statistics: 2009 Yearbook of Immigration Statistics" (PDF). Retrieved 2013-06-17.
↑ http://www.dhs.gov/immigration-statistics
↑ Pew Social Trends: "Marrying Out" June 15, 2010
↑ New York Times: "Fix the Census’ Archaic Racial Categories" By KENNETH PREWITT August 21, 2013
↑ Pew Social Trends: "Explaining Why Minority Births Now Outnumber White Births" by Jeffrey Passel, Gretchen Livingston and D’Vera Cohn May 17, 202
↑ New York Times: "Census Benchmark for White Americans: More Deaths Than Births" By SAM ROBERTS June 13, 2013
↑ CNN: "White U.S. population grows but drops in overall percentage" September 29, 2011
↑ http://www.census.gov/2010census/
↑ "Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States". Census.gov. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
↑ http://www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/mso01-wp.pdf
↑ http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-05.pdf

Demographics of the United States

Demographic history

Economic and social	Affluence Educational attainment Emigration Home-ownership Household income Immigration Income inequality Language LGBT Middle classes Personal income Poverty Social class Unemployment by state Wealth

Religion	Buddhists Christians Catholics Coptic Protestants Hindus Jainism Jews Muslims Ahmadiyya Neopagans Non-religious Sikhs

Race and ethnicity	People of the United States / Americans American ethnicity Maps of American ancestries 2010 Census Race and ethnicity in the Census Race and ethnicity in the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission Racism African immigrants to the United States Central Africans in the United States Horn Africans in the United States North Africans in the United States Southeast Africans in the United States Southern Africans in the United States West Africans in the United States White Americans: European Americans Basque Americans English Americans French Americans German Americans Irish Americans Italian Americans Euro Oceanic American Australian American New Zealand American Middle Eastern Americans Arab Americans Assyrian Americans Iranian Americans Israeli Americans Jewish Americans Non-Hispanic whites White Hispanic and Latino Americans Afro-American peoples of the Americas African Americans Afro-Caribbean / West Indian Americans Belizean Americans Guyanese Americans Haitian Americans Jamaican Americans Black Hispanic and Latino Americans Asian Americans Asian Hispanic and Latino Americans Chinese Americans Filipino Americans Indian Americans Japanese Americans Pakistani Americans Vietnamese Americans Americans from other parts of the Americas: Canadian Hispanic and Latino Americans Colombian Americans Cuban Americans Mexican Americans Puerto Ricans (Stateside) Native Americans and Alaska Natives Oceanian American: Euro Oceanic and Pacific Islands Americans Chamorro Americans Native Hawaiians Samoan Americans Tongan Americans Other ethnic groups Melungeon Romani people Multiracial Americans

White people

Caucasian race European peoples West Asian peoples North African peoples Bold refers to countries in which White/European people are the majority group

Worldwide diaspora, descendants and immigrants	Africa Algeria Angola Botswana Democratic Republic of the Congo Kenya Morocco Namibia Saint Helena South Africa Tunisia Zambia Zimbabwe United States Canada Bermuda Bahamas Barbados Cayman Islands Israel Jamaica Latin America Argentina Guatemala Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic Ecuador Haiti Honduras El Salvador Mexico Nicaragua Peru Puerto Rico Uruguay Venezuela Oceania Australia New Caledonia New Zealand

Historical concepts	Aryan First white child Honorary whites Play the white man Racial whitening Branqueamento / Blanqueamiento White Australia policy The White Man's Burden

Sociological phenomena and theories	Acting white (Passing as white) Angry white male Missing white woman syndrome Skin whitening White flight South African farm attacks White guilt White privilege Whiteness studies Whitewashed film roles White savior

White American caricatures and stereotypes	Poor Whites Redlegs Rednecks Mountain whites

Identity politics in the United States	US definitions of whiteness One-drop rule Non-Hispanic whites White Anglo-Saxon Protestant White ethnic White Hispanic White nationalism White pride White separatism

Biological anthropology	Human skin color Color terminology for race Alpine Armenoid Dinaric East Baltic Irano-Afghan Mediterranean

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