Nitric oxide synthase 2 (inducible)

Nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible

Rendering of 1NSI

Available structures

Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB

List of PDB id codes
1NSI, 2LL6, 2NSI, 3E7G, 3EJ8, 3HR4, 4CX7, 4NOS

Identifiers

Symbols

NOS2 ; HEP-NOS; INOS; NOS; NOS2A

External IDs

OMIM: 163730 MGI: 97361 HomoloGene: 55473 ChEMBL: 4481 GeneCards: NOS2 Gene

EC number

1.14.13.39

Gene ontology
Molecular function	• NADPH-hemoprotein reductase activity • nitric-oxide synthase activity • receptor binding • iron ion binding • protein binding • calmodulin binding • FMN binding • heme binding • tetrahydrobiopterin binding • arginine binding • protein homodimerization activity • flavin adenine dinucleotide binding • NADP binding
Cellular component	• intracellular • nucleus • cytoplasm • peroxisome • cytosol • cortical cytoskeleton • perinuclear region of cytoplasm
Biological process	• response to hypoxia • positive regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity • innate immune response in mucosa • arginine catabolic process • superoxide metabolic process • nitric oxide biosynthetic process • inflammatory response • nitric oxide mediated signal transduction • blood coagulation • circadian rhythm • response to bacterium • negative regulation of gene expression • peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation • positive regulation of guanylate cyclase activity • regulation of cell proliferation • negative regulation of protein catabolic process • defense response to bacterium • regulation of cellular respiration • negative regulation of blood pressure • positive regulation of vasodilation • regulation of insulin secretion • defense response to Gram-negative bacterium • interaction with host • positive regulation of killing of cells of other organism • oxidation-reduction process • cellular response to lipopolysaccharide • cellular response to interferon-gamma • phagosome maturation
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

RefSeq (mRNA)

RefSeq (protein)

Location (UCSC)

Chr 17:
27.76 – 27.8 Mb

Chr 11:
78.92 – 78.96 Mb

PubMed search

Nitric oxide synthase, inducible is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NOS2 gene.^[1]

Nitric oxide is a reactive free radical which acts as a biologic mediator in several processes, including neurotransmission and antimicrobial and antitumoral activities. This gene encodes a nitric oxide synthase which is expressed in liver and is inducible by a combination of lipopolysaccharide and certain cytokines. Three related pseudogenes are located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms.^[2]

Interactions

Nitric oxide synthase 2A has been shown to interact with Caveolin 1^[3] and Rac2.^[4]

References

↑ Geller DA, Lowenstein CJ, Shapiro RA, Nussler AK, Di Silvio M, Wang SC, Nakayama DK, Simmons RL, Snyder SH, Billiar TR (May 1993). "Molecular cloning and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase from human hepatocytes". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90 (8): 3491–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.8.3491. PMC 46326. PMID 7682706.
↑ "Entrez Gene: NOS2A nitric oxide synthase 2A (inducible, hepatocytes)".
↑ Felley-Bosco E, Bender FC, Courjault-Gautier F, Bron C, Quest AF (December 2000). "Caveolin-1 down-regulates inducible nitric oxide synthase via the proteasome pathway in human colon carcinoma cells". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (26): 14334–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.250406797. PMC 18919. PMID 11114180.
↑ Kuncewicz T, Balakrishnan P, Snuggs MB, Kone BC (August 2001). "Specific association of nitric oxide synthase-2 with Rac isoforms in activated murine macrophages". Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 281 (2): F326–36. PMID 11457725.

PDB gallery

1nsi: HUMAN INDUCIBLE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE, ZN-BOUND, L-ARG COMPLEX

2nsi: HUMAN INDUCIBLE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE, ZN-FREE, SEITU COMPLEX

4nos: HUMAN INDUCIBLE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE WITH INHIBITOR

Enzymes involved in neutrotransmission

monoamine

histidine → histamine

anabolism:	Histidine decarboxylase

catabolism:	Histamine N-methyltransferase Diamine oxidase

tyrosine→dopamine→epinephrine

anabolism:	Tyrosine hydroxylase Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase Dopamine beta-hydroxylase Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase

catabolism:	Catechol-O-methyl transferase Monoamine oxidase

glutamate→GABA

anabolism:	Glutamate decarboxylase

catabolism:	4-aminobutyrate transaminase

tryptophan→serotonin→melatonin

arginine→NO

Nitric oxide synthase (NOS1, NOS2, NOS3)

choline→Acetylcholine

anabolism:	Choline acetyltransferase

catabolism:	Cholinesterase (Acetylcholinesterase, Butyrylcholinesterase)

Oxidoreductases: dioxygenases, including steroid hydroxylases (EC 1.14)

1.14.11: 2-oxoglutarate	Prolyl hydroxylase Lysyl hydroxylase

1.14.13: NADH or NADPH	Flavin-containing monooxygenase FMO1 FMO2 FMO3 FMO4 FMO5 Nitric oxide synthase NOS1 NOS2 NOS3 Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase Methane monooxygenase 3A4 Lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase 24-hydroxycholesterol 7α-hydroxylase

1.14.14: reduced flavin or flavoprotein	19A1 2D6 2E1

1.14.15: reduced iron-sulfur protein	11B1 11B2 11A1

1.14.16: reduced pteridine (BH4 dependent)	Phenylalanine hydroxylase Tyrosine hydroxylase Tryptophan hydroxylase

1.14.17: reduced ascorbate	Dopamine beta-hydroxylase

1.14.18-19: other	Tyrosinase Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1

1.14.99 - miscellaneous	Cyclooxygenase Heme oxygenase (HMOX1) Squalene monooxygenase 17A1 21A2

Proteins: enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases(list) EC2 Transferases(list) EC3 Hydrolases(list) EC4 Lyases(list) EC5 Isomerases(list) EC6 Ligases(list)

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