Standard J

Standard J
Role Trainer
National origin United States
Manufacturer Standard Aircraft Corporation
Designer Charles Healy Day
First flight 1916
Number built 1,600+
Unit cost
$6,000
Developed from Sloan H series

The Standard J was a two-seat basic trainer two-bay biplane produced in the United States from 1916 to 1918 powered by a four-cylinder inline Hall-Scott A-7a engine. It was constructed from wood with wire bracing and fabric covering. The J-1 was built as a stopgap to supplement the Curtiss JN-4 in production.

Development

Charles Healy Day had designed the preceding Sloan H series of aircraft and continued the line under the Standard Aero Corporation (later Standard Aircraft Corporation). Four companies, Standard, Dayton-Wright, Fisher Body, and Wright-Martin, delivered 1,601 J-1s between June 1917 and June 1918. The Standard J-1 can be differentiated from the Curtiss JN series by its slightly swept-back wing planform, triangular king posts above the upper wings, and the rear legs of the landing gear which were mounted behind the lower wing's leading edge.

Operational history

Standard J-1 providing joyrides.

Although produced in large numbers, its four-cylinder Hall-Scott A-7a engine was unreliable and vibrated badly. While JN-4 production outnumbered J-1s by about two to one to June 1918, fatalities in JN-4s versus J-1s was about seven to one as a result of the limited use of the J-1s. Few later production J-1s left their delivery crates.

All Standard J-1s were grounded In June 1918 even while training remained at a fever pitch. Sufficient JN-4s were available to meet training needs and at $2,000 per aircraft it was not cost-effective to convert them to use Curtiss OX-5 engines. Contracts for 2,600+ JS-1s were canceled, and those not used for ground instruction by the US Army were sold as surplus or scrapped. Curtiss, which produced its competitor (the Curtiss JN) bought surplus J-1s which they modified with different powerplants, for resale.

Many J-1s were flown by civilian flying schools, and for joy-riding, and barnstorming operations until they were worn out, or were forced into retirement by new air transport legislation in 1927 which banned passenger aircraft with wood structures due to a number of high profile accidents.

Variants

Standard J, modified with an enclosed cabin by T. Claude Ryan, in flight over San Diego[1]

War-surplus conversions

Operators

 United States

Survivors

Standard J-1 at the USAF Museum, showing the wing sweepback

Over a dozen J-1s are on display or being restored. Others projects are incomplete and awaiting restoration.

Specifications (SJ-1)

Standard J-1 with Hispano-Suiza engine

General characteristics

1 × Hispano-Suiza 8 (one of several engines used in post-war modifications)[5], 150[6] hp (110 kW)

Performance

See also

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
Related lists

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Standard J.
Notes
  1. 1 2 3 Radecki, Alan (2012). "The First Airline in America". Vintage Air. Retrieved 12 November 2015.
  2. ↑ The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft p.2835
  3. ↑ Taylor 1989, p.774
  4. ↑ United States Air Force Museum 1975, p. 7.
  5. ↑ "Hispano-Suiza V-8, Model A". WINGS of EAGLES DISCOVERY CENTRE. Wings of Eagles Discovery Center. 2015. Retrieved 12 November 2015.
  6. ↑ Harrison, Robert (1 Jan 1985). Aviation Lore in Faulkner. John Benjamins Publishing. p. 143. Retrieved 12 November 2015.
Bibliography

External links

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