Newark Priory

Newark Priory is a ruined priory on an island surrounded by the River Wey and its moat-like channel the Abbey Stream near the southern boundary of the village of Pyrford in Surrey, England.^[2]

History

Newark Priory was before its reconstruction run by the Canons Regular of St Augustine and the register of Bishop Woodlock (1312) states that the priory was first founded by a Bishop of Winchester.^[3]

The Priory was granted substantial lands "to the canons there serving God" in the late 12th Century by Rauld de Calva and his wife Beatrice de Sandes for the Augustinian canons "to build a church" when Richard I reigned (1189–99) so according with its Early English Gothic architecture, the present priory dates to then.^[4][5] It was dedicated to the Virgin Mary and Saint Thomas Becket^[5] in contemporary documents "Thomas the Martyr"^[3] and originally, the land where the church was built was called Aldbury. This gradually changed its name from Aldbury to Newark or the New Place (novo loco) of St Thomas near Guildford,^[3] at one point being called Newstead.^[5]

The taxation roll of 1291 shows considerable non-ecclesiastic assets (temporalities). The priory held tenements or rents in ten London parishes, producing an income of £5 16s 3d; in the wider Diocese of London; in the Diocese of Rochester £1 6s was produced annually; and in Diocese of Winchester income of £27 10s 3½d.^[3]

During Henry VIII's Dissolution of the Monasteries Newark Priory was dissolved. The prior himself was pensioned off, all valuables sent to the Tower of London and the land given to the Master of the King's Horse. It has been said that a cannon was employed from the top of Church Hill to bombard or demolish what were the then extensive buildings. This incident is portrayed in one of a series of paintings made by artist Tessa Kewen.^[5] The last known prior of Newark Priory was Richard Lipscombe, appointed just before the surrender of the establishment and lands in 1538.^[3] The building, falling into ruin, was said to have been further destroyed by locals using the stones for road mending until Lord Onslow, the owner in the 1730s, decided to preserve what remained.^[6]

Today

Newark Priory still exists as ruins today and is listed as a Grade I Ancient Monument. It was placed upon the English Heritage Register of Buildings at risk, established in 2007.^[2] It is located upon private land so is unable to be reached at closer proximity than the Wey path by Newark Lock and Newark Mill. Its island of a few acres is a meadow crossed at its end by Newark Lane between Pyrford and Ripley.

A dawn service is held each year on Easter Day at 6am in the ruins, run by churches from the surrounding towns including Byfleet, West Byfleet, Pyrford and Ripley.

External links

• Google Map
• The English Heritage Buildings at Risk register.
• Woking Borough Council's page on Pyrford.
• A BBC webpage detailing information on The Reformation and The Dissolution of the Monasteries which was part of the reformation.

References

1. ↑ Francis Grose, The antiquities of England and Wales, p113, Hooper & Wigstead (No: 212, High-Holborn, facing Southampton Street, Bloomsbury-Square), 1784
2. 1 2 Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1377835)". National Heritage List for England. Ruins of Newark Priory Grade I List Entry
   Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1008303)". National Heritage List for England.  Scheduled Ancient Monument listing.
3. 1 2 3 4 5 H.E. Malden, ed. (1967). "Houses of Austin canons: Priory of Newark". A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 2. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 4 November 2011. 
4. ↑ "Heritage at Risk Register South East 2009". English Heritage. 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2014. 
5. 1 2 3 4 "Pyrford: A Brief History of an English Village". Pyrford Press. May 2013. Retrieved 5 September 2014. 
6. ↑ Cromwell, Thomas (1821). Excursions in the County of Surrey. 

Monasteries in Surrey Augustinian (inc. Canons Regular) Merton Priory (since 1965 in London) Newark Priory (pictured) Reigate Priory Tandridge Priory Benedictine Chertsey Abbey St Augustine's Abbey, Chilworth (operative) Horsley Priory Laleham Abbey Carthusian Sheen Friary (since 1965 in London) Cistercian Waverley Abbey Crutched Friars Friary of Crutched Friars at Guildford Dominican Guildford Black Friary

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