Republic of Negros

Cantonal Republic of Negros
Republic of Negros
República Cantonal de Negros
República de Negros
Republica Cantonal sang Negros
Republica sang Negros
US Protectorate (1899-1901)
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1898–1901 →


Flag of the Revolutionary Government in Bacolod (1899)[1][2]

Location of Negros in the Philippines
Capital Bacolod
Languages Hiligaynon, Cebuano and Spanish
Government Republic
President
(from 1899-1901, Governor) 		Aniceto Lacson
1898-1899
Melecio Severino
(as Governor)
1899-1901
Legislature Chamber of Deputies
Historical era New Imperialism
 •  End of the Negros Revolution November 27, 1898
 •  Disestablished April 30, 1901
Today part of Negros Island Region,  Philippines

    The Republic of Negros (Spanish: República de Negros, Hiligaynon: Republica sang Negros) was a short-lived revolutionary republic, and later, administrative division, which existed while the Philippines was under Spanish and American sovereignty. It took its name from Negros Island.

    History

    Main article: Negros Revolution

    From 3 November to 6 November 1898, the people of Negros rose in revolt against the Spanish authorities headed by politico-military governor, colonel Isidro de Castro. The Spaniards decided to surrender upon seeing armed troops marching in a pincer movement towards main city Bacolod. The revolutionaries, led by generals Juan Araneta, from Bago, and Aniceto Lacson, from Talisay, were actually carrying fake arms consisting of rifles carved out of palm fronds and cannons of rolled bamboo mats painted black. By the afternoon of 6 November, colonel de Castro signed the Act of Capitulation, thus ending Spanish colonial rule in Negros Occidental.

    On November 27, 1898, the unicameral Chamber of Deputies (Spanish: Cámara de Diputados) met in Bacolod and declared the establishment of the Cantonal Republic of Negros (Spanish: República Cantonal de Negros). The Chamber of Deputies acted as a Constituent Assembly to draft a constitution.

    When the invasion of the United States Army was looming, President Aniceto Lacson raised the American flag in the Casa Real to welcome the army as a friendly force. Despite the initial protest from the Negros Oriental deputies, the republic came under U.S. protection on April 30, 1899 as a separate state from the rest of the Philippine Islands and on the next day, the constitution was passed. On 22 July 1899, it was renamed the Republic of Negros, but on 30 April 1901, it was dissolved and annexed to the Philippine Islands by the United States, who retained control until the Japanese imperial occupation in the Second World War.

    Republican Leaders

    The leaders of the short-lived republic were:[3]

    Aniceto Lacson
    (November 5, 1898 - November 27, 1898)
    November 5, 1898 - July 22, 1899
    (President in Negros Occidental only until November 27, 1898)
    President
    Demetrio Larena
    (November 24, 1898 - November 27, 1898)
    November 5, 1898 - July 22, 1899
    (President in Negros Oriental only)
    Vice-President
    José Luzuriaga
    July 22, 1899 - November 6, 1899    		 President of the Chamber of Deputies
    Eusebio Luzurriaga Secretary of the Treasury
    Simeon Lizares Secretary of the Interior
    Nicolas Golez Secretary of Public Works
    Agustin Amenablar Secretary of Agriculture and Commerce
    Juan Araneta Secretary of War
    Antonio Ledesma Jayme
    July 24, 1854 - October 9, 1937    		 Secretary of Justice
    Melecio Severino
    November 6, 1899 - April 30, 1901    		 Civil Governor

    Commemoration

    In Bago City, the event was chronicled in a historic marker found in the Public Plaza, which bears the following inscriptions:

    “

    REPÚBLICA DE NEGROS
    “In this plaza of Bago was proclaimed the
    República de Negros by the Revolutionary
    Forces led by general Juan Anacleto Araneta,
    5 November 1898. Witnessed by Anaias
    Diokno, representative of the Central Revolutionary
    Government. This Republic acknowledges
    The authority of the First Philippine Republic
    under Emilio Aguinaldo.”

    		 ”

    5 November has been observed as a special non-working holiday in Negros Occidental through Republic Act № 6709, signed by President Corazon Aquino on 10 February 1989.

    See also

    External links

    Sources and References

    1. ↑ "The Two Republics of Negros". Retrieved 26 October 2012.
    2. ↑ "What is the República Negrénse?". Retrieved 27 September 2013.
    3. ↑ WorldStatesmen. "Philippines - Republic of Negros". Retrieved 10 August 2010.

    Coordinates: 10°N 123°E / 10°N 123°E / 10; 123

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