List of national parks of the United States

1938 poster for Yellowstone National Park

Symbol representation of visitors at each National Park

The United States has 59 protected areas known as national parks that are operated by the National Park Service, an agency of the Department of the Interior. National parks must be established by an act of the United States Congress. The first national park, Yellowstone, was signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant in 1872, followed by Mackinac National Park in 1875 (decommissioned in 1895), and then Rock Creek Park (later merged into National Capital Parks), Sequoia and Yosemite in 1890. The Organic Act of 1916 created the National Park Service "to conserve the scenery and the natural and historic objects and wildlife therein, and to provide for the enjoyment of the same in such manner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations."^[1] Many current National Parks had been previously protected as National Monuments by the President under the Antiquities Act before being upgraded by Congress. Seven national parks (six in Alaska) are paired with a National Preserve. While administered together, they are considered as separate units and their areas are not included in the figures below. The newest national park is Pinnacles National Park, upgraded in 2013.

Criteria for the selection of National Parks include natural beauty, unique geological features, unusual ecosystems, and recreational opportunities (though these criteria are not always considered together). National Monuments, on the other hand, are frequently chosen for their historical or archaeological significance.

Twenty-seven states have national parks, as do the territories of American Samoa and the United States Virgin Islands. California has the most (nine), followed by Alaska (eight), Utah (five), and Colorado (four). The largest national park is Wrangell–St. Elias in Alaska: at over 8 million acres (32,000 km²), it is larger than each of the nine smallest states. The next three largest parks are also in Alaska. The smallest park is Hot Springs, Arkansas, at less than 6 thousand acres (24 km²). The total area protected by national parks is approximately 51.9 million acres (210,000 km²), for an average of 895 thousand acres (3,620 km²) but a median of only 317 thousand acres (1,280 km²).^[2] The most-visited national park is Great Smoky Mountains in North Carolina and Tennessee, with over ten million visitors in 2014, followed by Arizona's Grand Canyon, with over 4.7 million. In contrast, only 12,669 people visited the remote Gates of the Arctic in Alaska in the same year. Fourteen national parks are designated World Heritage Sites.^[3]

A few former national parks are no longer designated as such, or have been disbanded. Other units of the National Park Service are sometimes incorrectly referred to as national parks; they are listed here.

National Parks

Name	Photo	Location	Date established[2][4]	Area[2]	Recreation Visitors (2014)[5]	Description
Acadia		Maine 44°21′N 68°13′W / 44.35°N 68.21°W / 44.35; -68.21 (Acadia)	000000001919-02-26-0000February 26, 1919	7008191779190394916♠47,389.67 acres (191.8 km2)	2,563,129	Covering most of Mount Desert Island and other coastal islands, Acadia features the tallest mountain on the Atlantic coast of the United States, granite peaks, ocean shoreline, woodlands, and lakes. There are freshwater, estuary, forest, and intertidal habitats.[6][7]
American Samoa		American Samoa 14°15′S 170°41′W / 14.25°S 170.68°W / -14.25; -170.68 (National Park of American Samoa)	000000001988-10-31-0000October 31, 1988	7007364217078016000♠9,000.00 acres (36.4 km2)	13,953	The southernmost national park is on three Samoan islands and protects coral reefs, rainforests, volcanic mountains, and white beaches. The area is also home to flying foxes, brown boobies, sea turtles, and 900 species of fish.[8]
Arches		Utah 38°41′N 109°34′W / 38.68°N 109.57°W / 38.68; -109.57 (Arches)	000000001929-04-12-0000April 12, 1929	7008309661325648497♠76,518.98 acres (309.7 km2)	1,284,767	This site features more than 2,000 natural sandstone arches, including the famous Delicate Arch. In a desert climate, millions of years of erosion have led to these structures, and the arid ground has life-sustaining soil crust and potholes, which serve as natural water-collecting basins. Other geologic formations are stone columns, spires, fins, and towers.[9]
Badlands		South Dakota 43°45′N 102°30′W / 43.75°N 102.50°W / 43.75; -102.50 (Badlands)	000000001978-11-10-0000November 10, 1978	7008982398434864749♠242,755.94 acres (982.4 km2)	868,094	The Badlands are a collection of buttes, pinnacles, spires, and grass prairies. It has the world's richest fossil beds from the Oligocene epoch, and the wildlife includes bison, bighorn sheep, black-footed ferrets, and swift foxes.[10]
Big Bend		Texas 29°15′N 103°15′W / 29.25°N 103.25°W / 29.25; -103.25 (Big Bend)	000000001944-06-12-0000June 12, 1944	7009324219248177910♠801,163.21 acres (3,242.2 km2)	314,102	Named for the prominent bend in the Rio Grande along the US–Mexico border, this park encompasses a large and remote part of the Chihuahuan Desert. Its main attraction is backcountry recreation in the arid Chisos Mountains and in canyons along the river. A wide variety of Cretaceous and Tertiary fossils as well as cultural artifacts of Native Americans also exist within its borders.[11]
Biscayne		Florida 25°39′N 80°05′W / 25.65°N 80.08°W / 25.65; -80.08 (Biscayne)	000000001980-06-28-0000June 28, 1980	7008699798883267047♠172,924.07 acres (699.8 km2)	525,745	Located in Biscayne Bay, this park at the north end of the Florida Keys has four interrelated marine ecosystems: mangrove forest, the Bay, the Keys, and coral reefs. Threatened animals include the West Indian manatee, American crocodile, various sea turtles, and peregrine falcon.[12]
Black Canyon of the Gunnison		Colorado 38°34′N 107°43′W / 38.57°N 107.72°W / 38.57; -107.72 (Black Canyon of the Gunnison)	000000001999-10-21-0000October 21, 1999	7008133344040523772♠32,950.03 acres (133.3 km2)	183,045	The park protects a quarter of the Gunnison River, which slices sheer canyon walls from dark Precambrian-era rock. The canyon features incredibly steep descents, and is a popular site for river rafting and rock climbing. The deep, narrow canyon, made of gneiss and schist, is often in shadow and therefore appears black.[13]
Bryce Canyon		Utah 37°34′N 112°11′W / 37.57°N 112.18°W / 37.57; -112.18 (Bryce Canyon)	000000001928-02-25-0000February 25, 1928	7008145019423645217♠35,835.08 acres (145.0 km2)	1,435,741	Bryce Canyon is a giant geological amphitheater on the Paunsaugunt Plateau. The unique area has hundreds of tall sandstone hoodoos formed by erosion. The region was originally settled by Native Americans and later by Mormon pioneers.[14]
Canyonlands		Utah 38°12′N 109°56′W / 38.2°N 109.93°W / 38.2; -109.93 (Canyonlands)	000000001964-09-12-0000September 12, 1964	7009136620994652380♠337,597.83 acres (1,366.2 km2)	542,431	This landscape was eroded into a maze of canyons, buttes, and mesas by the combined efforts of the Colorado River, Green River, and their tributaries, which divide the park into three districts. There are rock pinnacles and other naturally sculpted rock formations, as well as artifacts from Ancient Pueblo peoples.[15]
Capitol Reef		Utah 38°12′N 111°10′W / 38.20°N 111.17°W / 38.20; -111.17 (Capitol Reef)	000000001971-12-18-0000December 18, 1971	7008978951808186919♠241,904.26 acres (979.0 km2)	786,514	The park's Waterpocket Fold is a 100-mile (160 km) monocline that exhibits the earth's diverse geologic layers. Other natural features are monoliths, sandstone domes, and cliffs shaped like the United States Capitol.[16]
Carlsbad Caverns		New Mexico 32°10′N 104°26′W / 32.17°N 104.44°W / 32.17; -104.44 (Carlsbad Caverns)	000000001930-05-14-0000May 14, 1930	7008189257108535348♠46,766.45 acres (189.3 km2)	397,309	Carlsbad Caverns has 117 caves, the longest of which is over 120 miles (190 km) long. The Big Room is almost 4,000 feet (1,200 m) long, and the caves are home to over 400,000 Mexican free-tailed bats and sixteen other species. Above ground are the Chihuahuan Desert and Rattlesnake Springs.[17]
Channel Islands		California 34°01′N 119°25′W / 34.01°N 119.42°W / 34.01; -119.42 (Channel Islands)	000000001980-03-05-0000March 5, 1980	7009100993753563056♠249,561.00 acres (1,009.9 km2)	342,161	Five of the eight Channel Islands are protected, and half of the park's area is underwater. The islands have a unique Mediterranean ecosystem originally settled by the Chumash people. They are home to over 2,000 species of land plants and animals, and 145 are unique to them, including the island fox. Professional ferry services offer transportation to the islands from the mainland.[18]
Congaree		South Carolina 33°47′N 80°47′W / 33.78°N 80.78°W / 33.78; -80.78 (Congaree)	000000002003-11-10-0000November 10, 2003	7008107427284029131♠26,545.86 acres (107.4 km2)	120,122	On the Congaree River, this park is the largest portion of old-growth floodplain forest left in North America. Some of the trees are the tallest in the Eastern US. An elevated walkway called the Boardwalk Loop guides visitors through the swamp.[19]
Crater Lake		Oregon 42°56′N 122°06′W / 42.94°N 122.1°W / 42.94; -122.1 (Crater Lake)	000000001902-05-22-0000May 22, 1902	7008741481423480638♠183,224.05 acres (741.5 km2)	535,508	Crater Lake lies in the caldera of an ancient volcano called Mount Mazama that collapsed 7,700 years ago. It is the deepest lake in the United States and is famous for its vivid blue color and water clarity. There are two more recent volcanic islands in the lake, and, with no inlets or outlets, all water comes through precipitation.[20]
Cuyahoga Valley		Ohio 41°14′N 81°33′W / 41.24°N 81.55°W / 41.24; -81.55 (Cuyahoga Valley)	000000002000-10-11-0000October 11, 2000	7008132982656245252♠32,860.73 acres (133.0 km2)	2,189,849	This park along the Cuyahoga River has waterfalls, hills, trails, and exhibits on early rural living. The Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail follows the Ohio and Erie Canal, where mules towed canal boats. The park has numerous historic homes, bridges, and structures,[21] and also offers a scenic train ride.[22]
Death Valley		California, Nevada 36°14′N 116°49′W / 36.24°N 116.82°W / 36.24; -116.82 (Death Valley)	000000001994-10-31-0000October 31, 1994	7010136476265307403♠3,372,401.96 acres (13,647.6 km2)	1,101,312	Death Valley is the hottest, lowest, and driest place in the United States. Daytime temperatures have topped 130 °F (54 °C) and it is home to Badwater Basin, the lowest elevation in North America. A diversity of colorful canyons, desolate badlands, shifting sand dunes, sprawling mountains, and over 1000 species of plants populate this geologic graben. Additional points of interest include salt flats, historic mines, and springs.[23]
Denali		Alaska 63°20′N 150°30′W / 63.33°N 150.50°W / 63.33; -150.50 (Denali)	000000001917-02-26-0000February 26, 1917	7010191857890421134♠4,740,911.72 acres (19,185.8 km2)	531,315	Centered around Denali, the tallest mountain in North America, Denali is serviced by a single road leading to Wonder Lake. Denali and other peaks of the Alaska Range are covered with long glaciers and boreal forest. Wildlife includes grizzly bears, Dall sheep, caribou, and gray wolves.[24]
Dry Tortugas		Florida 24°38′N 82°52′W / 24.63°N 82.87°W / 24.63; -82.87 (Dry Tortugas)	000000001992-10-26-0000October 26, 1992	7008261836547694115♠64,701.22 acres (261.8 km2)	64,865	The islands of the Dry Tortugas, at the westernmost end of the Florida Keys, are the site of Fort Jefferson, a Civil War-era fort that is the largest masonry structure in the Western Hemisphere. With most of the park being remote ocean, it is home to undisturbed coral reefs and shipwrecks and is only accessible by plane or boat.[25]
Everglades		Florida 25°19′N 80°56′W / 25.32°N 80.93°W / 25.32; -80.93 (Everglades)	000000001934-05-30-0000May 30, 1934	7009610483628904880♠1,508,537.90 acres (6,104.8 km2)	1,110,901	The Everglades are the largest tropical wilderness in the United States, and it encompasses a large expanse of tropical rainforest and savanna. This mangrove ecosystem and marine estuary is home to 36 protected species, including the Florida panther, American crocodile, and West Indian manatee. Some areas have been drained and developed; restoration projects aim to restore the ecology.[26]
Gates of the Arctic		Alaska 67°47′N 153°18′W / 67.78°N 153.30°W / 67.78; -153.30 (Gates of the Arctic)	000000001980-12-02-0000December 2, 1980	7010304481338905998♠7,523,897.74 acres (30,448.1 km2)	12,669	The country's northernmost park protects an expanse of pure wilderness in Alaska's Brooks Range and has no park facilities. The land is home to Alaska natives, who have relied on the land and caribou for 11,000 years.[27]
Glacier		Montana 48°48′N 114°00′W / 48.80°N 114.00°W / 48.80; -114.00 (Glacier)	000000001910-05-11-0000May 11, 1910	7009410178201697594♠1,013,572.41 acres (4,101.8 km2)	2,338,528	The U.S. half of Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park, this park hosts 26 glaciers and 130 named lakes beneath a stunning canopy of Rocky Mountain peaks. There are historic hotels and a landmark road in this region of rapidly receding glaciers. The local mountains, formed by an overthrust, expose the world's best-preserved sedimentary fossils from the Proterozoic era.[28]
Glacier Bay		Alaska 58°30′N 137°00′W / 58.50°N 137.00°W / 58.50; -137.00 (Glacier Bay)	000000001980-12-02-0000December 2, 1980	7010130504657197379♠3,224,840.31 acres (13,050.5 km2)	500,727	Glacier Bay has numerous tidewater glaciers, mountains, fjords, and a temperate rainforest, and is home to large populations of grizzly bears, mountain goats, whales, seals, and eagles. When discovered in 1794 by George Vancouver, the entire bay was covered in ice, but the glaciers have since receded more than 65 miles (105 km).[29]
Grand Canyon		Arizona 36°04′N 112°08′W / 36.06°N 112.14°W / 36.06; -112.14 (Grand Canyon)	000000001919-02-26-0000February 26, 1919	7009492665644419308♠1,217,403.32 acres (4,926.7 km2)	4,756,771	The Grand Canyon, carved by the mighty Colorado River, is 277 miles (446 km) long, up to 1 mile (1.6 km) deep, and up to 15 miles (24 km) wide. Millions of years of erosion have exposed the colorful layers of the Colorado Plateau in countless mesas and canyon walls, visible from both the north and south rims, or from a number of trails that descend into the canyon itself.[30]
Grand Teton		Wyoming 43°44′N 110°48′W / 43.73°N 110.80°W / 43.73; -110.80 (Grand Teton)	000000001929-02-26-0000February 26, 1929	7009125450388073070♠309,994.66 acres (1,254.5 km2)	2,791,392	Grand Teton is the tallest mountain in the Teton Range. The park's historic Jackson Hole and reflective piedmont lakes teem with unique wildlife and contrast with the dramatic mountains, which rise abruptly from the sage-covered valley below.[31]
Great Basin		Nevada 38°59′N 114°18′W / 38.98°N 114.30°W / 38.98; -114.30 (Great Basin)	000000001986-10-27-0000October 27, 1986	7008312336378680832♠77,180.00 acres (312.3 km2)	107,526	Based around Nevada's second tallest mountain, Wheeler Peak, Great Basin National Park contains 5,000-year-old bristlecone pines, a rock glacier, and the limestone Lehman Caves. It also enjoys some of the country's darkest night skies. Animals which call the park home include Townsend's big-eared bat, pronghorn, and Bonneville cutthroat trout.[32]
Great Sand Dunes		Colorado 37°44′N 105°31′W / 37.73°N 105.51°W / 37.73; -105.51 (Great Sand Dunes)	000000002004-09-13-0000September 13, 2004	7008173949024277771♠42,983.74 acres (173.9 km2)	271,774	The tallest sand dunes in North America, up to 750 feet (230 m) tall, were formed by deposits of the ancient Rio Grande in the San Luis Valley. Abutting a variety of grasslands, shrublands, and wetlands, the park also has alpine lakes, six 13,000-foot mountains, and old-growth forests.[33]
Great Smoky Mountains		North Carolina, Tennessee 35°41′N 83°32′W / 35.68°N 83.53°W / 35.68; -83.53 (Great Smoky Mountains)	000000001934-06-15-0000June 15, 1934	7009211039568180871♠521,490.13 acres (2,110.4 km2)	10,099,276	The Great Smoky Mountains, part of the Appalachian Mountains, span a wide range of elevations, making them home to over 400 vertebrate species, 100 tree species, and 5000 plant species. Hiking is the park's main attraction, with over 800 miles (1,300 km) of trails, including 70 miles (110 km) of the Appalachian Trail. Other activities include fishing, horseback riding, and touring nearly 80 historic structures.[34]
Guadalupe Mountains		Texas 31°55′N 104°52′W / 31.92°N 104.87°W / 31.92; -104.87 (Guadalupe Mountains)	000000001966-10-15-0000October 15, 1966	7008349713023192425♠86,415.97 acres (349.7 km2)	166,868	This park boasts Guadalupe Peak, the highest point in Texas; the scenic McKittrick Canyon filled with bigtooth maples; a corner of the arid Chihuahuan Desert; and a fossilized coral reef from the Permian era.[35]
Haleakalā		Hawaii 20°43′N 156°10′W / 20.72°N 156.17°W / 20.72; -156.17 (Haleakala)	000000001916-08-01-0000August 1, 1916	7008117737905290686♠29,093.67 acres (117.7 km2)	1,142,040	The Haleakalā volcano on Maui features a very large crater with numerous cinder cones, Hosmer's Grove of alien trees, the Kipahulu section's scenic pools of freshwater fish, and the native Hawaiian goose. It is home to the greatest number of endangered species within a U.S. National Park.[36]
Hawaii Volcanoes		Hawaii 19°23′N 155°12′W / 19.38°N 155.20°W / 19.38; -155.20 (Hawaii Volcanoes)	000000001916-08-01-0000August 1, 1916	7009130888035735869♠323,431.38 acres (1,308.9 km2)	1,693,005	This park on the Big Island protects the famous Kīlauea and Mauna Loa volcanoes, two of the world's most active geological features. Diverse ecosystems range from tropical forests at sea level to barren lava beds at more than 13,000 feet (4,000 m).[37]
Hot Springs		Arkansas 34°31′N 93°03′W / 34.51°N 93.05°W / 34.51; -93.05 (Hot Springs)	000000001832-04-20-0000April 20, 1832	7007224590414302144♠5,549.75 acres (22.5 km2)	1,424,484	Hot Springs was established by act of Congress as a federal reserve on April 20, 1832, as such it is the oldest park managed by the National Park Service. Congress changed the reserve's designation to National Park on March 4, 1921 after the National Park Service was established in 1916. Amid some controversy, using 1921 as its official established date is inconsistent considering Yellowstone and other parks still readily use their pre-National Park Service dates, yet were not officially national parks at the time of their establishment.[38] Hot Springs is the smallest and only National Park in an urban area and is based around natural hot springs that flow out of the low lying Ouachita Mountains. The springs provide opportunities for relaxation in an historic setting; Bathhouse Row preserves numerous examples of 19th-century architecture.[39]
Isle Royale		Michigan 48°06′N 88°33′W / 48.10°N 88.55°W / 48.10; -88.55 (Isle Royale)	000000001940-04-03-0000April 3, 1940	7009231395247891830♠571,790.11 acres (2,314.0 km2)	14,560	The largest island in Lake Superior is a place of isolation and wilderness. Along with its many shipwrecks, waterways, and hiking trails, the park also includes over 400 smaller islands within 4.5 miles (7.2 km) of its shores. There are only 20 mammal species on the entire island, though the relationship between its wolf and moose populations is especially unique.[40]
Joshua Tree		California 33°47′N 115°54′W / 33.79°N 115.90°W / 33.79; -115.90 (Joshua Tree)	000000001994-10-31-0000October 31, 1994	7009319598652733080♠789,745.47 acres (3,196.0 km2)	1,589,904	Covering large areas of the Colorado and Mojave Deserts and the Little San Bernardino Mountains, this exotic desert landscape is populated by vast stands of the famous Joshua tree. Great changes in elevation reveal starkly contrasting environments including bleached sand dunes, dry lakes, rugged mountains, and maze-like clusters of monzogranite monoliths.[41]
Katmai		Alaska 58°30′N 155°00′W / 58.50°N 155.00°W / 58.50; -155.00 (Katmai)	000000001980-12-02-0000December 2, 1980	7010148702940348074♠3,674,529.68 acres (14,870.3 km2)	30,896	This park on the Alaska Peninsula protects the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, an ash flow formed by the 1912 eruption of Novarupta, as well as Mount Katmai. Over 2,000 grizzly bears come here each year to catch spawning salmon. Other wildlife includes caribou, wolves, moose, and wolverines.[42]
Kenai Fjords		Alaska 59°55′N 149°39′W / 59.92°N 149.65°W / 59.92; -149.65 (Kenai Fjords)	000000001980-12-02-0000December 2, 1980	7009271132496598025♠669,982.99 acres (2,711.3 km2)	270,666	Near Seward on the Kenai Peninsula, this park protects the Harding Icefield and at least 38 glaciers and fjords stemming from it. The only area accessible to the public by road is Exit Glacier; the rest must be viewed from boat tours.[43]
Kings Canyon		California 36°48′N 118°33′W / 36.80°N 118.55°W / 36.80; -118.55 (Kings Canyon)	000000001940-03-04-0000March 4, 1940	7009186924783773426♠461,901.20 acres (1,869.2 km2)	502,268	Home to several giant sequoia groves and the General Grant Tree, the world's second largest, this park also features part of the Kings River, sculptor of the dramatic granite canyon that is its namesake, and the San Joaquin River, as well as Boyden Cave.[44]
Kobuk Valley		Alaska 67°33′N 159°17′W / 67.55°N 159.28°W / 67.55; -159.28 (Kobuk Valley)	000000001980-12-02-0000December 2, 1980	7009708489831182665♠1,750,716.50 acres (7,084.9 km2)	16,875	Kobuk Valley protects 61 miles (98 km) of the Kobuk River and three regions of sand dunes. Created by glaciers, the Great Kobuk, Little Kobuk, and Hunt River Sand Dunes can reach 100 feet (30 m) high and 100 °F (38 °C), and they are the largest dunes in the Arctic. Twice a year, half a million caribou migrate through the dunes and across river bluffs that expose well-preserved ice age fossils.[45]
Lake Clark		Alaska 60°58′N 153°25′W / 60.97°N 153.42°W / 60.97; -153.42 (Lake Clark)	000000001980-12-02-0000December 2, 1980	7010106016841658630♠2,619,733.21 acres (10,601.7 km2)	16,100	The region around Lake Clark features four active volcanoes, including Mount Redoubt, as well as an abundance of rivers, glaciers, and waterfalls. Temperate rainforests, a tundra plateau, and three mountain ranges fill in the remaining landscape.[46]
Lassen Volcanic		California 40°29′N 121°31′W / 40.49°N 121.51°W / 40.49; -121.51 (Lassen Volcanic)	000000001916-08-09-0000August 9, 1916	7008430473668231844♠106,372.36 acres (430.5 km2)	432,977	Lassen Peak, the largest plug dome volcano in the world, is joined by all three other types of volcanoes in this park: shield, cinder dome, and composite. Though Lassen itself last erupted in 1915, most of the rest of the park is continuously active: numerous hydrothermal features, including fumaroles, boiling pools, and bubbling mud pots, are heated by molten rock from beneath the peak.[47]
Mammoth Cave		Kentucky 37°11′N 86°06′W / 37.18°N 86.10°W / 37.18; -86.10 (Mammoth Cave)	000000001941-07-01-0000July 1, 1941	7008213796193698112♠52,830.19 acres (213.8 km2)	522,628	With more than 400 miles (640 km) of passageways explored, Mammoth Cave is by far the world's longest cave system. Subterranean wildlife includes eight bat species, Kentucky cave shrimp, Northern cavefish, and cave salamanders. Above ground, the park provides recreation on the Green River, 70 miles of hiking trails, and plenty of sinkholes and springs.[48]
Mesa Verde		Colorado 37°11′N 108°29′W / 37.18°N 108.49°W / 37.18; -108.49 (Mesa Verde)	000000001906-06-29-0000June 29, 1906	7008210929967168383♠52,121.93 acres (210.9 km2)	501,563	This area constitutes over 4,000 archaeological sites of the Ancestral Puebloan people, who lived here and elsewhere in the Four Corners region for at least 700 years. Cliff dwellings built in the 12th and 13th centuries include the famous Cliff Palace, which has 150 rooms and 23 kivas, and the Balcony House, with its many passages and tunnels.[49]
Mount Rainier		Washington 46°51′N 121°45′W / 46.85°N 121.75°W / 46.85; -121.75 (Mount Rainier)	000000001899-03-02-0000March 2, 1899	7008953540544528000♠235,625.00 acres (953.5 km2)	1,264,259	Mount Rainier, an active stratovolcano, is the most prominent peak in the Cascades, and is covered by 26 named glaciers including Carbon Glacier and Emmons Glacier, the largest in the continental United States. The mountain is popular for climbing, and more than half of the park is covered by subalpine and alpine forests. Paradise on the south slope is one of the snowiest places in the world, and the Longmire visitor center is the start of the Wonderland Trail, which encircles the mountain.[50]
North Cascades		Washington 48°42′N 121°12′W / 48.70°N 121.20°W / 48.70; -121.20 (North Cascades)	000000001968-10-02-0000October 2, 1968	7009204277598894410♠504,780.94 acres (2,042.8 km2)	23,865	This complex encompasses two units of the national park itself as well as the Ross Lake and Lake Chelan National Recreation Areas. The highly glaciated mountains are spectacular examples of Cascade geology; popular hiking and climbing areas include Cascade Pass, Mount Shuksan, Mount Triumph, and Eldorado Peak.[51]
Olympic		Washington 47°58′N 123°30′W / 47.97°N 123.50°W / 47.97; -123.50 (Olympic)	000000001938-06-29-0000June 29, 1938	7009373383555842388♠922,650.86 acres (3,733.8 km2)	3,243,872	Situated on the Olympic Peninsula, this park straddles a diversity of ecosystems from Pacific shoreline to temperate rainforests to the alpine slopes of Mount Olympus. The scenic Olympic Mountains overlook the Hoh Rain Forest and Quinault Rain Forest, the wettest area in the continental United States.[52]
Petrified Forest		Arizona 35°04′N 109°47′W / 35.07°N 109.78°W / 35.07; -109.78 (Petrified Forest)	000000001962-12-09-0000December 9, 1962	7008378512881608077♠93,532.57 acres (378.5 km2)	836,799	This portion of the Chinle Formation has a great concentration of 225-million-year-old petrified wood. The surrounding Painted Desert features eroded cliffs of wonderfully red-hued volcanic rock called bentonite. There are also dinosaur fossils and over 350 Native American sites.[53]
Pinnacles		California 36°29′N 121°10′W / 36.48°N 121.16°W / 36.48; -121.16 (Pinnacles)	000000002013-01-10-0000January 10, 2013	7008107669569323140♠26,605.73 acres (107.7 km2)	196,635	Named for the eroded leftovers of a portion of an extinct volcano, the park is famous for its massive black and gold monoliths of andesite and rhyolite, which are popular with rock climbers, and a hiker's paradise of quiet trails crossing scenic Coast Range wilderness. The park is home to the endangered California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) and one of the few locations in the world where these extremely rare birds can be seen in the wild. Pinnacles also supports a dense population of prairie falcons, and more than 13 species of bat which populate its talus caves.[54]
Redwood		California 41°18′N 124°00′W / 41.30°N 124.00°W / 41.30; -124.00 (Redwood)	000000001968-10-02-0000October 2, 1968	7008455320112139889♠112,512.05 acres (455.3 km2)	429,166	This park and the co-managed state parks protect almost half of all remaining coastal redwoods, the tallest trees on earth. There are three large river systems in this very seismically active area, and 37 miles (60 km) of protected coastline reveal tide pools and seastacks. The prairie, estuary, coast, river, and forest ecosystems contain a huge variety of animal and plant species.[55]
Rocky Mountain		Colorado 40°24′N 105°35′W / 40.40°N 105.58°W / 40.40; -105.58 (Rocky Mountain)	000000001915-01-26-0000January 26, 1915	7009107576940826488♠265,828.41 acres (1,075.8 km2)	3,434,751	Bisected north to south by the Continental Divide, this portion of the Rockies has ecosystems varying from over 150 riparian lakes to montane and subalpine forests to treeless alpine tundra. Wildlife including mule deer, bighorn sheep, black bears, and cougars inhabit its igneous mountains and glacier valleys. Longs Peak, a classic Colorado fourteener, and the scenic Bear Lake are popular destinations, as well as the famous Trail Ridge Road, which reaches an elevation of more than 12,000 feet (3,700 m).[56]
Saguaro		Arizona 32°15′N 110°30′W / 32.25°N 110.50°W / 32.25; -110.50 (Saguaro)	000000001994-10-14-0000October 14, 1994	7008370043377675893♠91,439.71 acres (370.0 km2)	673,572	Split into the separate Rincon Mountain and Tucson Mountain districts, this park is evidence that the dry Sonoran Desert is still home to a great variety of life spanning six biotic communities. Beyond the namesake giant saguaro cacti, there are barrel cacti, chollas, and prickly pears, as well as lesser long-nosed bats, spotted owls, and javelinas.[57]
Sequoia		California 36°26′N 118°41′W / 36.43°N 118.68°W / 36.43; -118.68 (Sequoia)	000000001890-09-25-0000September 25, 1890	7009163513707229273♠404,051.17 acres (1,635.1 km2)	1,039,137	This park protects the Giant Forest, which boasts some of the world's largest trees, the General Sherman being the largest in the park. It also has over 240 caves, a scenic segment of the Sierra Nevada including the tallest mountain in the contiguous United States, and Moro Rock, a photogenic granite dome.[58]
Shenandoah		Virginia 38°32′N 78°21′W / 38.53°N 78.35°W / 38.53; -78.35 (Shenandoah)	000000001926-05-22-0000May 22, 1926	7008805507467373585♠199,045.23 acres (805.5 km2)	1,255,321	Shenandoah's Blue Ridge Mountains are covered by sprawling hardwood forests that teem with tens of thousands of animals. The Skyline Drive and Appalachian Trail run the entire length of this narrow park, along with more than 500 miles (800 km) of hiking trails passing scenic overlooks and cataracts of the Shenandoah River.[59]
Theodore Roosevelt		North Dakota 46°58′N 103°27′W / 46.97°N 103.45°W / 46.97; -103.45 (Theodore Roosevelt)	000000001978-11-10-0000November 10, 1978	7008285088449234606♠70,446.89 acres (285.1 km2)	559,580	This region that enticed and influenced President Theodore Roosevelt consists of a park of three units in the northern badlands. Besides Roosevelt's historic cabin, there are numerous scenic drives and backcountry hiking opportunities. Wildlife includes American bison, pronghorn, bighorn sheep, and wild horses.[60]
Virgin Islands		United States Virgin Islands 18°20′N 64°44′W / 18.33°N 64.73°W / 18.33; -64.73 (Virgin Islands)	000000001956-08-02-0000August 2, 1956	7007594437478972986♠14,688.87 acres (59.4 km2)	426,930	The island of Saint John has rich human and natural histories. Taíno archaeological sites and ruins of sugar plantations from Columbus' time litter the coast. Past the pristine beaches are mangrove forests, seagrass beds, coral reefs, and vast algal plains.[61]
Voyageurs		Minnesota 48°30′N 92°53′W / 48.50°N 92.88°W / 48.50; -92.88 (Voyageurs)	000000001971-01-08-0000January 8, 1971	7008883024759333271♠218,200.17 acres (883.0 km2)	239,160	This park protecting four lakes near the Canadian border is a site for canoeing, kayaking, and fishing, and preserves a history populated by Ojibwe Native Americans, French fur traders called voyageurs, and ambitious gold-miners. Formed by glaciers, the region features tall bluffs, rock gardens, scenic islands and bays, and several historic buildings.[62]
Wind Cave		South Dakota 43°34′N 103°29′W / 43.57°N 103.48°W / 43.57; -103.48 (Wind Cave)	000000001903-01-09-0000January 9, 1903	7008114505923877500♠28,295.03 acres (114.5 km2)	542,022	Wind Cave is distinctive for its calcite fin formations called boxwork and needle-like growths called frostwork. The cave, which was discovered by a sound like that of wind coming from a hole in the ground, is the world's densest cave system. Above ground is a mixed-grass prairie with animals such as bison, black-footed ferrets, and prairie dogs.[63] and ponderosa pine forests home to cougars and elk.
Wrangell –St. Elias		Alaska 61°00′N 142°00′W / 61.00°N 142.00°W / 61.00; -142.00 (Wrangell – St. Elias)	000000001980-12-02-0000December 2, 1980	7010336825832791745♠8,323,147.59 acres (33,682.6 km2)	74,722	An immense plot of mountainous country protects the convergence of the Alaska, Chugach, and Wrangell-Saint Elias Ranges, which include many of the continent's tallest mountains and volcanoes, including the 18,008-foot Mount Saint Elias. More than a quarter of the park is covered with glaciers, including the tidewater Hubbard Glacier, piedmont Malaspina Glacier, and valley Nabesna Glacier.[64]
Yellowstone		Wyoming, Montana, Idaho 44°36′N 110°30′W / 44.60°N 110.50°W / 44.60; -110.50 (Yellowstone)	000000001872-03-01-0000March 1, 1872	7009898317429114735♠2,219,790.71 acres (8,983.2 km2)	3,513,484	Situated on the Yellowstone Caldera, the park has an expansive network of geothermal areas including vividly colored hot springs, boiling mud pots, and regularly erupting geysers, the best-known being Old Faithful and Grand Prismatic Spring. The yellow-hued Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone River has a number of scenic waterfalls, and four mountain ranges run through the park. More than 60 mammal species including gray wolves, grizzly bears, lynxes, bison, and elk, make this park one of the best wildlife viewing spots in the country.[65]
Yosemite		California 37°50′N 119°30′W / 37.83°N 119.50°W / 37.83; -119.50 (Yosemite)	000000001890-10-01-0000October 1, 1890	7009308073497015747♠761,266.19 acres (3,080.7 km2)	3,882,642	Among the earliest candidates for National Park status, Yosemite features towering granite cliffs, dramatic waterfalls, and old-growth forests at a unique intersection of geology and hydrology. Half Dome and El Capitan rise from the park's centerpiece, the glacier-carved Yosemite Valley, and from its vertical walls drop Yosemite Falls, North America's tallest waterfall. Three giant sequoia groves, along with a pristine wilderness in the heart of the Sierra Nevada, are home to an abundance of rare plant and animal species.[66]
Zion		Utah 37°18′N 113°03′W / 37.30°N 113.05°W / 37.30; -113.05 (Zion)	000000001919-11-19-0000November 19, 1919	7008593259439068426♠146,597.60 acres (593.3 km2)	3,189,696	Located at the junction of the Colorado Plateau, Great Basin, and Mojave Desert, this geological wonder has colorful sandstone canyons, mountainous mesas, and countless rock towers. Natural arches and exposed plateau formations compose a large wilderness roughly divided into four ecosystems: desert, riparian, woodland, and coniferous forest.[67]

See also

• List of areas in the United States National Park System
• List of the United States National Park System official units (the 410)
• History of the National Park Service
• List of National Historic Landmarks of the United States
• List of National Monuments of the United States
• List of U.S. National Forests
• List of World Heritage Sites in the United States

References

External links

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for United States National Parks.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to National parks of the United States.

• Official website of the National Park Service
• Find a Park by the NPS
• The National Parks: America's Best Idea by PBS
• Visitor use statistics

National parks of the United States Acadia American Samoa Arches Badlands Big Bend Biscayne Black Canyon of the Gunnison Bryce Canyon Canyonlands Capitol Reef Carlsbad Caverns Channel Islands Congaree Crater Lake Cuyahoga Valley Death Valley Denali Dry Tortugas Everglades Gates of the Arctic Glacier Glacier Bay Grand Canyon Grand Teton Great Basin Great Sand Dunes Great Smoky Mountains Guadalupe Mountains Haleakalā Hawaiʻi Volcanoes Hot Springs Isle Royale Joshua Tree Katmai Kenai Fjords Kings Canyon Kobuk Valley Lake Clark Lassen Volcanic Mammoth Cave Mesa Verde Mount Rainier North Cascades Olympic Petrified Forest Pinnacles Redwood Rocky Mountain Saguaro Sequoia Shenandoah Theodore Roosevelt Virgin Islands Voyageurs Wind Cave Wrangell–St. Elias Yellowstone Yosemite Zion                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         List of national parks of the United States (by elevation)