National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad

National Institute of Nutrition

Motto	"To achieve optimal nutrition of vulnerable segments of population such as women of reproductive age, children, adolescent girls and elderly by 2020"
Established	1918 (Coonoor) 1958 (Hyderabad, Telangana, India)
Research type	Public
Field of research	Nutrition Micronutrients
Director	Thingnganing Longvah[1]
Address	Jamai-Osmania
Location	Hyderabad, India
Campus	Urban, Tarnaka
Affiliations	Dr. N.T.R. University of Health Sciences
Operating agency	ICMR
Website	ninindia.org/index.asp

The National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) is an Indian Public health, Biotechnology and Translational research center located in Hyderabad, India.^[2][3] The institute is one of the oldest research centers in India, and the largest center, under the Indian Council of Medical Research, located in the vicinity of Osmania University. The institute has associated clinical and pediatric nutrition research wards at various hospitals such as the Niloufer Hospital for Women and Children, the Government Maternity Hospital, the Gandhi Medical College and the Osmania General Hospital in Hyderabad.

The Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, National Centre for Laboratory Animal Science (to be integrated into the National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research, and the National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau are the other wings of NIN,^[4] for India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.^[5] The institute also derives funding from the Indian Department of Biotechnology. The institute majorly conducts research in obesity, diabetes, food chemistry, dietetics, drug toxicology, and Outcomes research in collaboration with centers such as the Rockefeller University, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Washington University, and the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in the U.S..^[6][7][8] and the University of Wollongong in Australia.^[9][10]

History

Pasteur Institute at Coonoor in 1927

The Institute was founded in 1918 by Sir Robert McCarrison. It was originally a single room laboratory at the Pasteur Institute, Coonoor, Tamil Nadu for the study of Beriberi, and was called the Beri-Beri Enquiry Unit.^[11] McCarrison was invalided to Britain from 1920–1922, and in 1923 the enquiry was axed on financial grounds. It was restored two years later as the Deficiency Disease Inquiry, which McCarrison headed from 1925-1929.^[12] The scope of the laboratory expanded to include all deficiency diseases, and around 1928-29 became the Nutrition Research Laboratories (NRL), with McCarrison as its first Director, until his retirement in 1935, when he was succeeded by Dr. W.R. Ackroyd.^[11][12][13] The facility moved to Hyderabad in 1958 and in 1969 was renamed the National Institute of Nutrition.^[11]

Research

High-throughput sequencing platform - Molecular Biology

Flow cytometry - Immunology

Primate Experimental Medicine & Surgery Unit

National Center for Laboratory Animal Sciences

Microscopy - Biochemistry

Confocal Microscopy - Biochemistry

The institute carries out research and patent development in clinical nutrition, outcomes research, pharmacology,^[14] pathology, toxicology, food chemistry, endocrinology, molecular biology,^[15] regenerative medicine,^[16][17] community nutrition,^[18][19] ophthalmology,

^[20] and sports nutrition.^[21][22] Agencies such as WHO and FAO recognized the institute as a Centre for excellence in food quality, safety and nutrition research.^{[23][24][25][26][27]}

The institute is equipped with state of the art facilities among Animal housing, In vivo-imaging, Automated electrophoresis, Flow cytometry, DNA Microarray, Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, Atomic absorption spectroscopy, Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, Scanning electron microscope, Confocal laser scanning microscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, DNA sequencers, Cryogenic equipment, thermal cyclers etc.^[28][29][30]

National Center for Laboratory Animal Sciences

Developed obese and diabetic mutant rat models: WNIN/GR-Ob, WNIN/Ob, WNIN/Ob-IGT, to serve as pre-clinical animal models in drug development for chronic diseases like diabesity. Established a state of the art primate facility with provision for monkey runs.^[31][32]

NIN and FSSAI

The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), co-chaired by the Director of NIN ^[33] is an agency of the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India.^[34] The FSSAI is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the regulation and supervision of food safety.^[34] The FSSAI has been established under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 which is a consolidating statute related to food safety and regulation in India.^[34]

Education

NIN offers advanced education courses and MS-MD-PhD program(s) for nutrition, biochemistry, dietetics and laboratory animal sciences. The Centre is recognized by Dr. N.T.R. University of Health Sciences for pursuing post graduation in Applied Nutrition sciences. The institute is also recognized by Osmania University, University of Hyderabad, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, for pursuing doctor of philosophy in Life Sciences. The institute has Trained over 1600 health professionals from 35 countries. 150 candidates obtained PhD and MD degrees.

Achievements

• Assessed dietary intake of individuals, house holds and nutritional profiles of different communities through periodic surveys of NNMB in 10 states.

• Suggested strategies to identify high risk pregnancies in rural areas of India. These were included in the National Reproductive and Child Health Program.

• Demonstrated TheraCyte Pancreatic Islet Transplantation technology in Primates and Rodents.

• Commercially delivered double fortified Salt - Tata Salt Plus, priced at an economical rate of Rs 20 per kg, is an iodine plus iron fortified salt, developed by double fortification technology. This technology was offered to Tata Chemicals under a long-term MoU after due studies on bio-availability across the population strata conducted and published by NIN.^[35]

• Exploded the protein myth and highlighted calorie gap as the major bottleneck for healthy growth of childrem.

• Developed simple and sensitive biochemical indicators for assessment of vitamin nutritive and pathogenic mechanisms of various nutritional deficiency syndromes.

• Established growth norms for Indian children.

• Emphasized the importance of growth monitoring for early diagnosis and appropriate management of protein energy malnutrition.

• Generated database on nutritive values of over 650 Indian foods, which is used by various national organizations, planners and academic research institutions

• Formulated Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for Indians.

• Developed food based Dietary Guidelines for Indians.

• Developed National Nutrition Surveillance system (NSS-Triple A cycle of Assessment, Analysis and Action) to serve as an early warning system about nutrition problems.

• Initiated national prophylaxis programme against blindness due to vitamin A deficiency, Covering 30 million pre-school children in India.

• Instrumental in formulation of national anaemia prophylaxis programme to supplement pregnant and lactating women and pre-school children.

• Helped to improve nutritional status of pregnant and lactating women and birth weight of infants.

• Demonstrated that malnutrition alters drug kinetics and suggested to change drug dose in relation to severity of nutritional status.

• Recommended appropriate immunization schedules based on the studies on nutrition, infection and interactions.

• Demonstrated beneficial effects of commonly consumed spices such as Fenugreek seeds as dietary adjuvant and recommended for the management of diabetes and hyperlipidaemia, and turmeric in chemo prevention of cancer.

• Identified the causative factors of food borne diseases like epidemic dropsy and vitro-occlusive.

• Developed simple methods to estimate aflatoxin contaminants in food grains at field level.

• Demonstrated simple methods for removal of neurotoxin in Lathyrus sativus.

• Developed food safety norms for street foods and public catering.

• NCLAS breeds and supplies pathogen free animals to various research institutes for experimental research.

See also

• Genome Valley
• National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research
• Central Drugs Standard Control Organization

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad.

• Homepage of National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
• Library of the National Institute of Nutrition (Indian Council of Medical Research) Hyderabad (India)
• NIN Annual Report 2005-2006