Nanpara

Nanpara
City
Nanpara image.jpg
Nanpara

Location in Uttar Pradesh, India

Coordinates: 27°52′N 81°30′E / 27.87°N 81.5°E / 27.87; 81.5Coordinates: 27°52′N 81°30′E / 27.87°N 81.5°E / 27.87; 81.5
Country  India
State Uttar Pradesh
District Bahraich
Government
 • Body Nanpara Nagar Palika Parishad
 • MP Savitri Bai Phule (BJP)
 • Mayor Abdul Waheed
Area
 • Total 36 km2 (14 sq mi)
Elevation 132 m (433 ft)
Population (2011)[1]
 • Total 48,337
 • Density 1,300/km2 (3,500/sq mi)
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
Postal Code 271865
Area code(s) 05253
Vehicle registration UP-40
Website www.nnpnanpara.com

Nanpara is a city and a municipal board in Bahraich district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is a region along the Nepal Border and includes tracts of dense forests.

Geography

Nanpara is located at 27°52′N 81°30′E / 27.87°N 81.5°E / 27.87; 81.5.[2] It has an average elevation of 132 metres (433 feet). It is located at 20 km from the Indo-Nepal border, and 36 km from the district Bahraich. This town has a strategic and economic importance due to the transportation of goods in Nepal and recent activities of drugs, crossing through the Nepal border. It has a municipality also. It is well connected by road transport and Railway.It is connected to Lucknow and Nepal via 4-lane NH 28C highway.

Wildlife:

Signboard in Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary
Location On the banks of Sarayu river Nanpara, Uttar Pradesh, India
Nearest airport Lucknow (125 km)
Coordinates 28°00′N 81°12′E
Area 400.6 km2
Established 1975

The Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area in the Upper Gangetic plain in Uttar Pradesh, India and covers an area of 400.6 km2 (154.7 sq mi) in the Terai of the Bahraich district. In 1987, it was brought under the purview of the ‘Project Tiger’, and together with the Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary and the Dudhwa National Park it forms the Dudhwa Tiger Reserve.[1] It was established in 1975.[2]

The Katerniaghat Forest provides strategic connectivity between tiger habitats of Dudhwa and Kishanpur in India and the Bardia National Park in Nepal. Its fragile Terai ecosystem comprises a mosaic of sal and teak forests, lush grasslands, numerous swamps and wetlands. It is home to a number of endangered species including gharial, tiger, rhino, Gangetic dolphin, swamp deer, hispid hare, Bengal florican, the white-backed and long-billed vultures.

One of the best places in the world for seeing the gharial[3] in its natural habitat is the Girwa River, where it is found sympatric with the mugger. The population of gharials in this stretch was one of the three that were still breeding, when the project to conserve this reptile from the verge of extinction was initiated in 1975. However, between the years of 2001 and 2005, almost all the gharial nests were raided by tribals who consider them a delicacy.[3]

Mugger crocodiles are also seen in small number in the Girwa river,as their favorite haunts are stagnant wetlands like the many taals and baghars that dot the sanctuary. Side by side the serenely swimming gharial can be seen frolicking Ganges dolphins.

Recent discoveries in herpetofauna of Katerniaghat are highly fascinating and are represented by several species such as the banded krait, the Burmese rock python, the yellow speckled wolf-snake and the paradise flying snake. In 2012, a rare red coral kukri snake was sighted in the sanctuary.[4] This snake with the scientific name Oligodon kheriensis was first described from the North Kheri Division in 1936.[5]

This little known wildlife sanctuary is situated near Nepal border in the Tarai region of Bahraich district and is a part of Dudhawa Tiger Reserve. The sanctuary was established on 31 May 1976 and is made up of 6 divisions. Four divisions Katarnia, Nishangara, Murthia & Dharmpur are located in the core area & rest two are in the buffer area of the sanctuary, which is inhabited by Tharu tribes. Katarnia Ghat is connected across the border to Bardila National Park in Nepal. Girwa & Kodiala Rivers which join together and are later known as Ghaghra, traverse the sanctuary. Wildlife Protection Act 1972, and the U.P. Wildlife Protection Rules 1974, have been enforced in the district which prohibits hunting & catching of all the bird species & animals.

Animals found here- tiger, leopard, swamp deer, chital, Kankar, flying squirrel, blue bull (bison), sambhar, blackbuck, barking deer, wild boar, jackal, bear, deer, rhinoceros, elephant, four horned antelope, Indian gazelle and peafowl. New release of tiger population (in 2011) revealed that the number of tigers in the sanctuary and surrounding areas (Indo-Nepal) is rising.

Animals in the water- are dolphin, crocodiles, gharials, fishes (rohu, bhakur, parhin, nain, tongan, belgagra, karaunch, etc.), tortoise, python and beaver. A crocodile farm, at Katarniaghat was established in 1972. Earlier artificial hatching of crocodiles was being done to protect and increase the number of crocodiles but now this has been changed into a natural hatchery.

Birds found near water- In India about 1300 variety of birds are found. Out of them 350 varieties can be seen in Katarniaghat Sanctuary, because of their natural habitat available here. Migratory birds (red-crested pochard, ruddy shelduck, khachaincha), in winters have a brief stay here and they fly off to their further destinations. Other birds found here are Indian cormorant, darter, grey heron, painted stork, woolly-necked stork, black ibis, spoonbill, Asian openbill, lesser whistling teal, northern pintail, mallard, tufted pochard, great crested grebe, great egret, pheasant-tailed jacana, bronze-winged jacana, red-wattled lapwing, river lapwing, black-winged stilt, common coot, pied kingfisher and white-throated kingfisher. Birds found on trees- shikra, red-headed vulture, cinereous vulture, long-billed vulture, white-rumped vulture, Egyptian vulture, grey-headed fish eagle, crested serpent eagle, Indian roller, rufous treepie, rocket-tailed drongo, black-hooded oriole, green bee-eater and stork-billed kingfisher.

Birds found in grassland- paddyfield pipit, black francolin, grey francolin, swamp francolin, Eurasian thick-knee, Bengal florican, white wagtail and red jungle fowl.

Facilities available- Accommodation is available in Tharu Hut & Forest Rest House with kitchen facility. Elephant and boat rides are also available.

Rivers : Saryu, Sharda, Ghaghra, Pahadi nadi, Gerua nadi

Demographics

As of 2001 India census,[3] Nanpara had a population of 48,337. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Nanpara has an average literacy rate of 50%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 78%, and female literacy is 89%. In Nanpara, 18% of the population is under 6 years of age.

History

The Nanpara Taluqdari

The Nanpara Taluqdari was one of the taluqdaris (feudatory states) in British India.[4] The title of "Raja" was conferred on the Nanpara House in 1763 by the Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula, the King of Oudh and has then recognized by British.[5] With holding of 439 villages it was the largest Muslim taluqdars (landowners) in British India.

Nanpara was an important frontier estate, bordering Nepal territory in the Bahraich district of Oudh. Of the 439 villages, 438 were in the Bahriach district and one in the Barabanki district. It comprised an area of 468 sq miles, or about the same area of the then former German principality of Lippe. In 1914-15 The gross rental of the estate amounted to over rupees 12,00,000 and the government demanded land revenue and cesses of rupees 2,80,000. Taking a population of 350 person per sq miles [it was estimated that was the district average in the census of 1911] the estate contained a population of over 154,000.[6]

In 1632 (1042 AH) Rasul Khan a pathan received a commission from the Emperor to subdue the Banjaras; and obtained for his services and for the pay of his troops, the grant of Nanpara and four other villages in pargana Solonabad, beside one-tenth of the rental of the whole of this disturbed tract of territory. Rasul Khan lived at Kummaria in Bundi, and both he and his son Jahan Khan, who succeeded him, are buried there. Jahan Khan's successor, Mohammad Khan, was the first to settle in Nanpara. Mohammad Khan's son and successor, named Karam Khan was so successful against the Banjaras that he gained amongst the country folk the title of Raja. Which was confirmed by Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula of Oudh in 1763, and was recognised as hereditary by the then British Government of India in 1877.[7] This arose out of the fact that this area was home to the Nanpara and Utraula principalities, both of which are now situated in Bahraich and Balrampur District, which the centre of the largest Pathan settlement outside Rohilkhand. Both these was found at height of their powers controlled most of the districts from the 17th to the early 19th centuries.[8]

Main localities

Tourism

Nanpara is an important junction connecting key areas of the region. Its geographic location provides an international role. The India-Nepal road to the Rupadiha-Nepalganj border lies towards the north. The east-bound road connects the region with G.T Road via Sitatpur. In the south-east roads connect to the district capital Bahraich and a prominent place called Srawasti. The state capital Lucknow is about 160 km from Nanpara via Bahraich. A well-known national park in India, Dudhwa, is about 100 km from Nanpara Junction. Dudhwa is recognized as the second most populated tiger reserve in India. There is also a bird sanctuary and fauna-rich dense forests near Nanpara.

Major toursit attractions:

Malls, theatres and marriage hall

Global Computer Institue Nanpara Mobile No. 8808412627, 8004352661 (Director) Mr. M.A Mansoori

Education

ICSE & ISC

CBSE

U.P. Board

Islamic and madarsas

Degree colleges

Other institutes

Internet

The city has broadband internet connectivity and video conferencing facilities. Major companies like Sify, BSNL, Bharti Airtel, Reliance Communications, Tata Communications, Aircel have a wide infrastructure to provide broadband Internet. The city has both 2G and 3G network facilities with minimum 50 towers with upcoming 4G towers.

References

  1. ↑ "Census of India Search details". censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  2. ↑ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Nanpara
  3. ↑ "Census of India 2011: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
  4. ↑ The Feudatory and zemindari India, Volume 17, Issue 2. 1937. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
  5. ↑ The Indian Year Book, Volume 29. Bennett, Coleman & Company. 1942. p. 1286. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
  6. ↑ Survey of The Kingdom of Oudh (East India Collection folio 3 ed.). London: Oriental & India collection.
  7. ↑ Blue book on Oudh. 1856. pp. 6, 8 and Appendix B.
  8. ↑ Pathans of Uttar Pradesh#Pathans of Bahraich and Balrampur District

Further reading

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