Names of European cities in different languages: M–P

M

English name	Other names or former names
Maastricht	Maastricht (Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Romanian, Scottish Gaelic), Mastriht* (Serbian), Maseuteuriheuteu/Masŭt'ŭrihŭt'ŭ - 마스트리흐트 (Korean), Maestricht (former French, Romanian variant), Måstrek / Li Trek (Walloon), Mastrichtas (Lithuanian), Māstrihta (Latvian), Mastrique (Spanish), Māsutorihito - マーストリヒト (Japanese), Mestreech* (Limburgish), Traiectum ad Mosam or Traiectum superius (Latin)
Madrid	Madrid (Afrikaans, Asturian, Azeri, Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Interlingua, Italian, Maltese, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian, Scottish Gaelic, Swedish, Tagalog, Turkish), Mǎdélǐ - 馬德里 (Traditional Chinese), Mǎdélǐ - 马德里 (Simplified Chinese), Madeurideu/Madŭridŭ - 마드리드 (Korean), Madhríti - Μαδρίτη (Greek), Madorīdo - マドリード (Japanese), Madri* (Brazilian Portuguese), Madrid - Мадрид (Bulgarian, Russian), Madridas (Lithuanian), Madride (Latvian), Madrido (Esperanto), Madril (Basque), Madrit (Old Catalan), Madryd - Мадрыд (Belarusian), Madryt (Polish), Maidrid (Irish), مدريد (Arabic), मद्रीद (Hindi), مادرید (Persian)
Mahilyow	Mahilyoŭ - Магілёў (Belarusian), Mogilew or Mohylew (Polish), Mogilyov - Могилёв (Russian), Molev - מאָלעװ (Yiddish), Movilău (Romanian), Moghilău (Romanian variant), Mogiliovas (Lithuanian)
Mainz	Määnz (local dialect), Maghentía - Μαγεντία (Greek), Magonza (Italian), Maguncia (Spanish), Magúncia (Catalan), Maienţa (old Romanian), Mainca (Latvian), Maincheu/Mainch'ŭ - 마인츠 (Korean), Maintsu - マインツ (Japanese), Mainz* (Dutch, Finnish, German, Romanian, Swedish), Majnc (Serbian), Mayence (French), Meenz (former local dialect), Měiyīncí - 美因茨 (Traditional and Simplified Chinese), Mogúncia (Portuguese), Moguncja (Polish), Moguntiacum (Latin), Mohuč (Czech, Slovak)
Makó	Macǎu (Romanian), Makó (Hungarian), Makov (Slovak), Makov - מאַקאָוו (Yiddish), Makowa (German)
Málaga	Málaga (German, English, Basque, French, Galician, Interlingue, Italian, Portuguese), Màlaga (Catalan), Malaga (Kabyle, Ladino, Polish), Malago (Esperanto), Malaca (Latin), مالقة (Arabic), Málaga - מאלגה (Hebrew), Málaga - 马拉加 (Chinese), Mallaga - 말라가 (Korean), Maraga* - マラガ (Japanese)*
Malbork	Malborg (Romanian), Malbork (Polish), Marienburg (German)
Malmedy	Malmedy (Dutch, French, German), Malmünde (former German)
Malmö	Ellenbogen (former German), Malme (Latvian), Malmø (Danish), Malmö (Azeri, Finnish, German, Swedish, Turkish), Malmő (Hungarian), Malmoe - 말뫼 (Korean), Malmogia (Latin), Marume - マルメ (Japanese), MǎěrMò* - 马尔默 (simplified) 馬爾默 (traditional) (Chinese), Malme - מאלמה (Hebrew)
Manchester	Manchain (Irish, Scottish Gaelic), Maencheseuteo/Maench'esŭt'ŏ* - 맨체스터 (Korean), Mamucium (Latin), Manceinion (Welsh), Mančestra (Latvian), Manĉestro (Esperanto), Mančesteris (Lithuanian), Mànchèsītè - 曼彻斯特 (simplified) 曼徹斯特 (traditional) (Chinese), Manchéster (Portuguese), Manchesutā - マンチェスター (Japanese), Mankhestría* - Μαγχεστρία (Greek), منچستر (Persian)
Mantua	Mantoue (French), Mantova (Italian, Finnish, Czech, Maltese, Romanian, Slovak), Mantobha (Scottish Gaelic), Mantua (Dutch, German, Latin, Spanish), Màntua (Catalan), Mântua (Portuguese), Mantoba/Mant'oba - 만토바 (Korean)
Maribor	Marburg an der Drau (German), Marburgo (Portuguese, Italian), Maribor (Azeri, Finnish, Romanian, Croatian, Slovene), Morpurgo (old Italian), Марибор (Russian, Serbian, Macedonian, Ukrainian)
Mariehamn	Maarianhamina (Finnish), Mariehamn (Swedish)
Marktredwitz	Marktredwitz (German), Ředvice (Czech)
Marseille	Marseille (Finnish, French, Swedish, Scottish Gaelic), Marsiglia (Italian), Marseilla* (Basque), Marsella* (Catalan, Spanish, Tagalog), Mạc Xây* or Mac-xây (Vietnamese), Marcel - Մարսել (Armenian), Mareuseyu/Marŭseyu - 마르세유 (Korean), Marsey - מרסיי (Hebrew), Marseilles* (English variant), Marsejlo* (Esperanto), Marsel* (Azeri, Marsel’* - Марсель (Russian), Marseļa* (Latvian), Marselha* (Portuguese), Marselis* (Lithuanian), Marselj* (Serbian), Marseya (Ladino), Marsigghia* (Sicilian), Marsigla* (Romansh), Marsilha or Marselha* (Occitan), Marsilia (Romanian), Marsilja* (Maltese), Marsīliyā - مارسيليا (Arabic), Marsilya* (Turkish), Marsylia* (Polish), Maruseiyu* - マルセイユ (Japanese), Masalía* - Μασσαλία (Greek), Massilia* (Latin), مارسی (Persian), MǎSài* - 马赛 (simplified) 馬賽 (traditional) (Chinese)
Mechelen	Malinas (Spanish), Malines (Catalan, French, Romanian), Mechelen (Dutch, Finnish), Mecheln (German), Mechlin (older English name), Mekeln (Gronings)
Meißen	Maisen - マイセン (Japanese), Meisene* (Latvian), Meißen (German), Meissen (Dutch, English, French, Romanian), Míšeň (Czech), Misnia (Italian), Miśnia (Polish)
Melk	Medlík (Czech), Melk (German), Mölk (former German)
Menton	Menton (French), Mentone (Italian)
Messina	Missina (Sicilian), Messina (Azeri, Catalan, Dutch, Finnish, Irish, Italian, Maltese, Portuguese, Romanian, Scottish Gaelic, Turkish), Mesīna (Latvian), Mesina (Spanish), Mesíni - Μεσσίνη (Greek), Messhīna - メッシーナ (Japanese), Messine* (French), Messyna / Mesyna (Polish), Micina (Old Spanish),
Metz	Divodurum (Latin), Meca (Latvian), Mec - Мец (Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian), Méty (Czech), Metz (Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian)
Medzhybizh	Medschybisch (German), Medžibož - Меджибож (Russian), Medžybiž (Finnish), Medžybiž - Меджибіж (Ukrainian), Mezbizh - מעזביזש (Yiddish), Międzybórz (Polish)
Miercurea-Ciuc	Csíkszereda (Hungarian), Miercurea-Ciuc (Romanian), Szeklerburg (German)
Mikkeli	Mikkeli (Finnish), Sankt Michel (Swedish)
Mikulov	Mikulov (Czech), Nikolsburg (German)
Milan	Milano (Croatian, Danish, Esperanto, Finnish, Irish, Italian, Romanian, Scottish Gaelic, Serbian, Swedish, Tagalog, Turkish), Mailand (Former Danish, German), Majland (Old Hungarian), Mediolan (Polish), Mediólana - Μεδιόλανα (former Greek), Mediolānum (Latin), Milà (Catalan), Milaan (Afrikaans, Dutch), Milan (Azeri, French, Friulian, Maltese, Milanese, Slovene), Milán (Czech, Spanish), Mǐlán - 米兰 (simplified) 米蘭 (traditional) (Chinese), Milāna (Latvian), Milanas (Lithuanian), Milano - Милано (Bulgarian), Miláno - Μιλάνο (Greek), Milánó (Hungarian), Miláno (Slovak), Mīlānū (Arabic), Milão (Portuguese), Milaun (Romansh), Millano - 밀라노 (Korean), Mirano - ミラノ (Japanese)*, میلان (Persian)
Minsk	Miensk - Менск (classical Belarusian), Minseukeu/Minsŭk'ŭ - 민스크 (Korean), Minsk (Azeri, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Romanian, Scottish Gaelic, Turkish), Minsk* - Мінск (Belarusian), Minsk - Минск (Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian), Minsk - מינסק (Yiddish), Mińsk (Polish), Mins'k - Мінськ (Ukrainian), Minska (Latvian), Minskas (Lithuanian), Minsko (Esperanto), Minsuku - ミンスク (Japanese), Minszk* (Hungarian), مینسک (Persian), MíngSīKè - 明斯克 (simplified) 明斯克 (traditional) (Chinese), Mionsc (Irish, alternate Scottish Gaelic*)
Miskolc	Miskolc (Hungarian, Finnish), Miškolc (Serbian), Miškovec (Czech, Slovak), Miszkolc (Polish), Mişcolţ (Romanian)
Moineşti	Moineşti (Romanian), Mojnest (Hungarian)
Modena	Modena (Dutch, English, German, Irish, Italian, Scottish Gaelic), Modène (French), Módena (Portuguese, Spanish), Mòdena (Catalan), Mutina (Latin), MōDiǎnNà - 摩德納 (simplified) 摩典納 (traditional) (Chinese)
Monaco	Munegu (Monegasque), Monaco (Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Interlingua, Italian, Romanian, Scottish Gaelic, Swedish, Welsh), Monacó* (Irish), Mónaco (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish), Mônaco (Brazilian Portuguese), Mónàgē - 摩納哥 (Traditional Chinese), Mónàgē - 摩纳哥 (Simplified Chinese), Monakas (Lithuanian), Monako (Azeri, Basque, Bosnian, Croatian, Esperanto, Latvian, Maltese, Polish, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Turkish), Monakó - (Hungarian) Monakó - Μονακό (Greek), Mónakó (Icelandic), Monegue (Occitan), Monoecus (Latin), Manaka - Манака (Belarusian), Monako - モナコ (Japanese), Monako* - Монако (Bulgarian), Monako/Monak'o - 모나코 (Korean), Mónec (Old Catalan)
Monfalcone	Tržič (Slovene), Falkenberg (German)
Mons	Berg (Limburgish), Bergen (Afrikaans, Dutch, German), Berĥeno* (Esperanto), Mons (Afrikaans variant, French, Romanian), Mont (Walloon)
Monschau	Monschau (German), Montjoie (French)
Montbéliard	Mömpelgard (former German), Montbéliard (French, Romanian)
Monza	Montsch (former German), Montsa - モンツァ (Japanese), Monza* (Italian, Maltese)
Morąg	Mohrungen (German), Morąg (German, Polish)
Moscow	Moskva (Azeri, Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Estonian, Hebrew, Icelandic, Norwegian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish), Moskva - Москва (Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian), Maskava (Latvian), Maskva (Lithuanian), Maskva - Масква (Belarusian), Mosca (Italian), Moscau (Romansh), Moscó (Irish), Moscou (Catalan, French, Brazilian Portuguese), Moscova (Romanian), Moscovo (European Portuguese), Moscú (Spanish), Mosgo/Moscobha (Scottish Gaelic) , Moska* (Maltese), Mosekao (Hawaiian), Mòsīkē - 莫斯科 (Traditional and Simplified Chinese), Moskau (German), Móskha - Μόσχα (Greek), Moskou (Afrikaans, Dutch), Moskova (Finnish, Turkish), Moskva - Մոսկվա (Armenian), Moskve - מאָסקװע (Standard written Yiddish), Moskiv - מאָסקעװ (spoken Southeastern Yiddish), Moskeve - מאָסקעװע (spoken Central Yiddish), Mosku (Tagalog) Moskvo* (Esperanto), Moskwa (Indonesian, Polish), Mosukuwa - モスクワ (Japanese), Moszkva* (Hungarian), موسكو Mūskū (Arabic), Matxcơva or Mạc Tư Khoa (Vietnamese, the latter is old-fashioned), Moseukeuba/Mosŭk'ŭba - 모스크바 (Korean), مسکو (Persian)
Mosonmagyaróvár	Mosonmagyaróvár (Hungarian), Wieselburg-Ungarisch Altenburg (German), Uhorský Starhrad (Slovak)
Motovun	Montona (Italian), Motovun (Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian)
Mouscron	Moeskroen (Dutch), Mouscron (French)
Mścisłaŭ	See Amścisłaŭ
Mukacheve	Mucacevo (Romanian), Mukačevo (Czech, Slovak), Mukacheve - Мyкaчeвe (Ukrainian), Mukachevo - Мyкaчeвo (Russian, Serbian), Mukachiv - Мyкaчiв (Ruthenian), Mukaczewo (Polish), Minkatsh - מינקאַטש (Yiddish), Muncaci (Romanian variant), Munkács (Hungarian), Munkatsch (German)
Mulhouse	Milhüse or Milhüsa (Alsatian), Mülhausen (German), Mulhouse (Finnish, French, Romanian), Mylhúzy (Czech), Miluza (Polish), Milouzi - Μυλούζη (Greek)
Munich	Minca (Romansh), Minga (Bavarian), Minhen (Bosnian, Serbian), Minhene (Latvian), Minkhn - מינכן (Yiddish); Miunchenas (Lithuanian), Miyūnikh (Arabic), Myunkhen - Мюнхен (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian), Mnichov (Czech), Mníchov (Slovak), Monachium (Polish), Mnichów (old Polish), Monaco di Baviera (Italian), Mónakho - Μόναχο (Greek), Monakovo (old Slovene), München (Afrikaans, Croatian, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Norwegian, Romanian, Low Saxon, modern Slovene, Swedish, Scottish Gaelic ), Munĥeno* or Munkeno (Esperanto), Munic (Catalan), Múnich (Spanish), Münih (Turkish), Mùníhēi - 慕尼黑 (Traditional and Simplified Chinese), Munique (Portuguese), Mûnik (Walloon), Munikh (Armenian), Muunsjen (Gronings), Myunhen - ミュンヘン (Japanese), Mwinhen* - 뮌헨 (Korean), مونیخ (Persian)
Munster	Munster (French , German), Münster im Elsaß (German*)
Münster	Minstere (Latvian), Münster (German, Romanian, Turkish), Meuster (Walloon), Monastyr (Polish)
Murcia	Murcia (Spanish, English, German), Múrcia (Catalan, Portuguese), Murcie (French), Mursiya (Arabic)
Murmansk	Moermansk (Afrikaans and Dutch), Mureumanseukeu/Murŭmansŭk'ŭ - 무르만스크 (Korean), Mourmansk (French), Murmanska (Latvian), Murmansk - Мурманск (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian), Murmansk (Finnish, Italian, Romanian), Múrmansk (Icelandic), Murmańsk (Polish), Murmanskas (Lithuanian), Murmansko (Esperanto), Murumansuku - ムルマンスク (Japanese), Muurmanni* or Muurmanski (former Finnish), Muurmansk or Murmansk (Finnish), Muurman or Murmánska (Sami), Romanov-on-Murman (former name)
Mykolaiv	Mikołajów (Polish), Mykolaiv - Миколаїв (Ukrainian), Mykolajiv (Finnish), Nikolayev - Николаев (Russian)

N

English Name	Other names or former names
Nagykanizsa	Kan(j)iža (Croatian), Velika Kan(j)iža (Croatian); Großkirchen (German), Groß-Kanizsa (German), Velika Kaniža (Slovene), Kanije (Turkish)
Namur	Namen (Dutch, former German), Nameur (Walloon), Namur (French, German, Romanian)
Nancy	Nancy (Dutch, English, French, German, Romanian), Nanzeg (Luxembourgish), Nanzig (old German) 낸시 (Korean),
Nantes	Nangteu/Nangt'ŭ - 낭트 (Korean), Nánti - Νάντη (Greek), Nantes (Dutch, French), Nanto - ナント (Japanese), Naoned* (Breton), Naunnt* (Gallo)
Naoussa	Náousa - Νάουσα (Greek), Negush - Негуш (Macedonian, Bulgarian), Ağostos (Turkish)
Naples	Napule (Neapolitan), Napoli (Italian, Indonesian, Finnish, Norwegian, Romanian, Scottish Gaelic, Turkish), Napels (Afrikaans, Dutch), Naples (French, Scots), Napli* (Maltese), Nápoles (Portuguese, Spanish), Napoles (Tagalog) Nápoli* - Νάπολη (modern Greek), Napolo (Esperanto), Nàpols (Catalan), Nápols (Aragonese), Nápoly (Hungarian), Nābūlī (Arabic), Napolli/Nap'olli - 나폴리 (Korean), Napori - ナポリ (Japanese), Napulj* (Croatian, Serbian), Neapel (German, Swedish), Neapelj (Slovene), Neapol (Azeri, Czech, Polish, Slovak), Neapol’ - Неаполь (Russian, Ukrainian), Neapole (Latvian, old Romanian), Neapolis (Latin, Lithuanian), Neápolis - Νεάπολις (ancient Greek), 拿坡里 (Chinese), Neapol - Неапол (Bulgarian), Neap'oli - ნეაპოლი (Georgian*)
Narbonne	Narbo or Narbo Martius (Latin), Narbona (Catalan, Italian, Occitan, Spanish), Narbone (Portuguese), Narbonne (Dutch, English, French, German, Romanian)
Narvik	Narviika (Northern Sami), Narbhaig (Scottish Gaelic), Victoriahavn (former name 1887–98), Nareubikeu/Narŭbik'ŭ - 나르비크 (Korean)
Navahrudak	Naugardukas (Lithuanian), Navahradak - Наваградак (Belarusian, archaic), Nowogródek (Polish), Novogrudok - Новогрудок (Russian)
Neuchâtel	Neuchâtel (French, Romanian), Neuenburg (German)
Newcastle upon Tyne	An Caisteal Nuadh (Scottish Gaelic), An Caisleán Nua* (Irish), Nova Castra (Latin), Newcastle upon Tyne (Dutch , French, German, Italian, Polish, Scots, Spanish, Welsh), 纽卡素 (Chinese)
Newport (Monmouthshire)	Casnewydd (Welsh, Irish, Scottish Gaelic), Novus Burgus* (Latin)
Newport (Pembrokeshire)	Trefdraeth (Welsh)
Nice	Niça (Catalan, Occitan), Nice* (French, Portuguese, Scottish Gaelic, Swedish, Welsh* ), Nizza (Italian, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Maltese), Nica* (Latvian, Lithuanian, Slovene), Nica or Nitsa - Ница (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Serbian), Nicaea (Latin), Nitstsa* - Ницца (Russian), Nicea* (Polish), Nico* (Esperanto), Níkea* - Νίκαια (Greek), Nis (Turkish), Nisa (Romanian), Nissa* (Piedmontese, Occitan variant, Provençal), Nīsu* - ニース (Japanese), Niza* (Spanish* Tagalog), Niseu/Nisŭ* - 니스 (Korean), 尼斯 (Chinese), نیس (Persian)
Nicosia	Lefkoşa (Turkish), Lefkosía - Λευκωσία (Greek), Nicosia (Hungarian, Italian, Romanian, Spanish, Swedish), Nicósia (Portuguese), Nikoshia - ニコシア (Japanese), Nicosie* (French), Nikosia / Lefkosia (Finnish), Nikosia (German, Indonesian), Nikósie* / Lefkósie (Czech), Nikosija (Latvian, Maltese, Russian, Ukrainian), Nikosio (Esperanto), Nikozija (Lithuanian, Serbian, Slovene), Nikozja (Polish), Nīqūsiyā (Arabic), Nikosia/Nik'osia - 니코시아 (Korean), an Niocóis (Irish)
Nieuweschans	Bad Neuschanz (German), Nieuweschans (Dutch), Schaanze/Nijschaanze (Gronings)
Nijmegen	Nijmege (Limburgish), Nijmegen (Dutch, Romanian), Nimega* (Catalan, Italian, Spanish), Nimègue (French), Nîmegue (Walloon), Nimwege (local dialect), Nimwegen (German), Noviomago (Portuguese), Noviomagus, Oppidum Batavorum* and Ulpia Noviomagus Batavorum (Latin ), نایمیخن (Persian), Nijmeguh* (Juliaans)
Niort	Niort (France,Spanish,Portuguese,German,Finnish,Italian,Polish,Romanian), Niōru - ニオール (Japanese), Novioritum* (Latin), Ньор (Russian)
Niš	Nis / Nisch (German), Nis / Nish (English, French), Niš - Ниш (Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian), Niš (Slovak, Slovene), Niŝo (Esperanto), Nisz (Polish), Nix (Asturianu)
Nivelles	Nijvel (Dutch), Nivilles (French), Nisch (German),
Nizhny Novgorod	Ala osh - Ала ош (Moksha), Alauz'lidn (Veps), Aloosh - Алоош (Erzya), Alyn Novgorod - Алын Новгород (Sakha), Čulhula - Чулхула (Chuvash), Dood Novgorod - Доод Новгород (Mongol), Gorky (former name 1932–90), Makarya - Макарья/Макаръя (Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian), Nijeuninobeugorodeu/Nichŭninobŭgorodŭ - 니즈니노브고로드 (Korean), Nijgar - Нижгар (alternative name in Tatar), Nijni-Novgorod* (French, Romanian, Turkish), Nischnij Nowgorod (German), Nižni Novgorod (Finnish, Serbian, Slovene), Nižni Noŭharad - Ніжні Ноўгарад (Belarusian), Nižnij Novgorod - Нижний Новгород (Russian), Nižnij Novgorod (Czech), Ņižņijnovgoroda (Latvian), Nižny Novgordas (Lithuanian), Nižný Novgorod (Slovak), Nowogród (Polish), Nyizsnyij Novgorod (Hungarian), Tübän Novgorod - Түбән Новгород (Tatar), Ugarman* - Угарман (Hill Mari, Meadow Mari), Xiànuòfūgēluódé - 下诺夫哥罗德 (Chinese)
Novgorod	see Veliky Novgorod
Novi Sad	Neoplanta (Latin), Neusatz (German), Nobisadeu / Nobisadŭ - 노비사드 (Korean), Novi Sad* (Azeri, Romanian, Slovene), Novi Sad - Нови Сад (Bulgarian, Ruthenian, Serbian), Novi Sadas (Lithuanian), Novisada (Latvian), Nový Sad (Czech, Slovak), Nowy Sad (Polish), Újvidék (Hungarian)
Nowy Sącz	Neu-Sandez (German), Nowy Sącz (Polish), Novy-Sonch - Новы-Сонч (Russian), Sandz - סאַנדז (Yiddish), Újszandec (Hungarian)
Nuoro	Nugoro (Sardinian), Nuoro (Italian)
Nuremberg	Nürnberg (Estonian, Finnish, German, Indonesian, Russian, Hungarian, Swedish, Norwegian, Scottish Gaelic, Turkish), Näöreberg (Limburgish), Neurenberg (Dutch), Niremvéryi - Νυρεμβέργη (Greek), Nirnberg (Serbian), Nirnberga (Latvian), Niurnbergas (Lithuanian), Norimberg (Slovak, Slovene), Norimberga (Italian), Norimberk (Czech), Nörnberg (Low Saxon), Norymberga (Polish), Nuremberg (Scots), Núremberg* (Spanish), Nuremberga (Portuguese), Nürenberg (Romanian), Nwireunbereukeu/Nwirŭnberŭk'ŭ - 뉘른베르크 (Korean), Nyurumberuku - ニュルンベルク (Japanese)*, نورمبرگ (Persian)
Nuuk	Godthåb (Danish)*

O

English Name	Other names or former names
Obernai	Oberehnheim (German), Obernai* (French, German)
Óbuda (now part of Budapest)	Alt-Ofen or Alt-Buda (German), Buda* (Polish), Buda (Veche) (Romanian), Óbuda (Hungarian), Starý Budín (Czech)
Odessa	Ades - אַדעס (Yiddish), Hacıbey (obsolete Turkish), Odesa (Latvian, Romanian, Turkish), Odesa - Одеса (Bulgarian, Serbian, Ukrainian), Odesa - 오데사 (Korean), Oděsa (Czech), Odessa (Azeri, Polish, Turkish variant), Odessa - Одесса (Russian), Odessza (Hungarian), Odhisós - Οδησσός (Greek)
Ohrid	Akhrídha - Αχρίδα (Greek variant), Ochryda (Polish), Ocrida (Italian), Ohër (Albanian), Ohri (Turkish), Ohrid - Охрид (Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbian), Ohrid (Slovenie), Okhrídha - Οχρίδα (Greek). Older Graeco-Illyrian names include Dyassarites, Lychnis, Lychnidos
Olbia	Olbia (Italian), Tarranoa (Corsican), Terranoa (Sardinian), Terranova Pausania (former Italian)
Oldenburg	Oldemburgo (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Oldenbörg (Gronings), Oldenburg (German), Ollenborg (Low Saxon), Starogard (Polish, Serbian)
Olkusz	Hilcus (Latin), Ilkenau (German 1942–45), Ilkusz (former Polish), Olkusch (German), Olkusz (Polish)
Olomouc	Alamóc (archaic Hungarian), Holomóc (Hanakian Czech dialect), Iuliomontium (Latin), Olmütz (German), Olomóc (Hanakian Czech dialect), Olomouc (Czech), Olomucium (Latin), Olomuncium (Latin), Ołomuniec (Polish)
Olsztyn	Allenstein (German), Olštinas (Lithuanian), Ol'štyn - Ольштын (Russian), Olsztyn (Polish)
Onești	Onești (Romania), Onyest (Hungarian)
Opatija	Abbazia (Italian, Austrian German), Opatija (Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene), Sankt Jakobi ( German, historic)
Opava	Opava (Czech), Opavia (Latin), Opawa (Polish), Troppau (German)
Opole	Opole (Polish), Opolí (Czech), Oppeln (German)
Oradea	Gran Varadino (Italian), Großwardein (German), Magno-Varadinum (Latin variant), Nagyvárad (Hungarian), Oradea (Romanian, Polish), Oradea-Mare (former Romanian), Varadinum (Latin), Varat (Turkish), Veliki Varadin - Велики Варадин (Serbian)
Oranienburg	Bocov (Czech), Bötzow (former German), Oranienburg (German)
Orenburg	Arenburh - Арэнбург (Belarusian), Ărenpur* - Ăренпур (Chuvash), Chkalov* (English 1938–1957), Čkalov - Чкалов (Russian 1938–1957),^[KNAB] Irımbur - Ырымбур (Bashkir),^[KNAB] Irınbur* - Ырынбур (Tatar), Oremburgo* (Portuguese, Spanish), Orenbourg (French),^[KNAB] Orenburg* (German), Orenburg* - Оренбург (Russian),^[KNAB] Orenburgum* (Latin), Orenburh* - Оренбург (Ukrainian), Orınbor* - Орынбор (Kazakh),^[KNAB] Orynbor* - Орынбор (Meadow Mari*)
Oristano	Aristanis (Sardinian), Oristán (Spanish), Oristano (Italian), Oristany (Catalan)
Osijek	Esseg (former German), Eszék (Hungarian), Mursa (Latin), Osek (Slovene), Osiek (Polish, early Croatian), Osijek (Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Romanian, Swedish), Osijek - Осијек (Serbian), Osijekas (Lithuanian), Osik (Ikavian - Shokac), `Ōsīyēk - โอซีเยค (Thai)
Oslo	Àosīlù - 奧斯陸 (Chinese), Asloa (Latin), Christiania (former Dano-Norwegian name 1624–1925), Kristiania (late version of former name), Oseullo/Osŭllo - 오슬로 (Korean), Oslas (Lithuanian), Oslo (Azeri, Indonesian, Catalan, Danish, Dutch, Esperanto, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Latvian, Maltese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Scots , Scottish Gaelic , Serbian, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish), Osló (Irish), Ósló (Icelandic), Osuro - オスロ (Japanese), Ūslū* (Arabic), اسلو (Persian)
Osnabrück	Ansibarium (Latin),^[1] Àosīnàbùlǔkè - 奧斯納布魯克 (Mandarin Chinese), Osenbrugge* (archaic Dutch), Oseunabeulwikeu - 오스나브뤼크 (Korean), Osnabrik* - Оснабрик (Serbian), Osnabruga* (Latin), Osnabrugge* (archaic Dutch), Osnabrück (Dutch, German, Romanian, Turkish), Osnabrük - (archaic Estonian),^[KNAB] Osnabruque (Portuguese alternative), Osnaburg* (archaic English), Osnabryuk - Оснабрюк (Bulgarian, Russian,^[KNAB] Ukrainian), Osnebrog* (Gronings), Ossenbrügge (Westphalian/Low German), Osunaburyukku* - オスナブリュック (Japanese*)
Ostend	Oostende (Dutch, Irish, Scottish Gaelic), Ostándi* - Οστάνδη (Greek), Ostenda (Italian, Polish), Ostende (Czech, French, German, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian), Ostendė (Lithuanian), Ostendo (Esperanto), Ostinde (Walloon)
Östersund	Luvlieluspie (Southern Sami), Östersund (Swedish), Østersund (Danish, Norwegian)
Ostrava	Ostrau (German), Ostrava (Czech, Slovak, Slovene), Ostrava - Острава (Bulgarian), Ostrawa (Polish)
Ostróda	Osterode (German), Ostróda (Polish)
Ostrów Wielkopolski	Ostrovia (Latin), Ostrów (former Polish), Ostrów Wielkopolski (Polish), Ostrowo (German)
Oświęcim	Àosīwēixīn - 奧斯威辛 (Chinese), Âšvits (Persian), Auschwitz (former German, Romanian), Aushvitsa* (Romani), Aušvice (former Latvian), Oshpitizin (Yiddish), Osventsim - Освенцим (Russian), Osvencima (Latvian), آشویتس Osvětim (Czech), Osvienčim (Slovak), Osvyenchim (Romani), Oświęcim (Polish, German*, Italian, Scottish Gaelic)
Oudenaarde	Audenarde (French), Oudenarde (old English)
Oulu	Oulu (Estonian, Finnish, Polish), Oulu (Latvian), Uleåborg (Swedish), Uloa (Latin)
Oxford	Àth nan Damh (Scottish Gaelic ), Áth na nDamh* (Irish ), Niújìn* - 牛津 (Chinese), Okkusufōdo - オックスフォード (Japanese), Okseupodeu/Oksŭp'odŭ* - 옥스포드 (Korean), Oksford (Azeri, Polish, Serbian), Oksforda (Latvian), Oksfordas (Lithuanian), Oksfórdhi - Οξφόρδη (Greek), Oksfordo (Esperanto), Oxford (Scots ), Oxford* - Оксфорд (Bulgarian, Russian), Oxonia (Latin), Oxónia (Portuguese), Resoghen (Cornish), Rhydychen (Welsh)
Ozieri	Ocier (Spanish, Catalan), Othieri (Sardinian), Ozieri (Italian)

P

English Name	Other names or former names
Padua	Padoue (French), Padova (Italian, Finnish, Maltese, Romanian, Croatian, Czech, Scottish Gaelic, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene), Padoa* (Venetian), Pádova (Hungarian), Padua (Dutch, German, medieval Latin, Scots, Spanish, Swedish), Pádua (Portuguese), Pàdua (Catalan), Paduja (Latvian), Paduya - Падуя (Russian), Padwa (Polish), Padue (Friulian), Pàdoa (Piedmontese), Pádhoua - Πάδουα / Pádhova - Πάδοβα (Greek), Patavium (classical Latin), პადუა (Georgian), Padoba/P'adoba - 파도바 (Korean)
Palermo	Balharm or Balerm (Arabic), Palerm (Catalan), Palerma - Палерма (Belarusian), Palermo - Палермо (Russian), Palermas (Lithuanian), Palerme (French), Palermo (Azeri, Czech, Dutch, German, Italian, Finnish, Latvian, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Scots, Scottish Gaelic, Serbian, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish), Palermu or Palemmu (Sicilian), Pallereumo/P'allerŭmo - 팔레르모 (Korean), Pánormos - Πάνορμος (Greek), Panormus (Latin), Parerumo - パレルモ (Japanese)*, პალერმო (Georgian)
Palma	Palma (Catalan, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Irish, Latin), Palma de Mallorca (Danish, Dutch, Polish, Spanish), Palma de Malhorca (Occitan), Palma de Maiorca (Portuguese), Palma di Maiorca (Italian) 팔마 (Korean)
Pamplona	Banbalūna (Arabic), Iruña (Basque), Pamplona (Azeri, Catalan, Czech, Dutch, Finnish, German, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish), Pampelune (French), Pampaluna / Lunapampa (Old Provençal), Pampeluna (Polish), Pampeullona / P'amp'ŭllona - 팜플로나 (Korean), Pompaelo* (Latin), პამპლონა (Georgian)
Panevėžys	Poniewież (Polish), Ponevezh - Поневеж (Russian), Ponewesch (German), פּאָנעװעזש - Ponevezh (Yiddish), Panevēža (Latvian), პანევეჟისი (Georgian)
Paris	Paris (Azeri, French, German, Norwegian, Portuguese, Piedmontese, Romanian, Swedish, Tagalog, Turkish), Parigi* (Italian), Paras Scottish Gaelic, Bārīs* (Arabic), Lutetia Parisiorum (Latin), Paräis (Luxembourgish), Páras (Irish), Pari - パリ (Japanese), Pari/P’ari* - 파리 (Korean), Paries (Limburgish), Pariġi (Maltese), Pariis (Estonian), Pariisi (Finnish), Parijs (Dutch), París (Catalan, Spanish, Icelandic), Pa-ris or Ba-lê (Vietnamese, the latter is old-fashioned), Parísi - Παρίσι (Greek) / Parísii - Παρίσιοι (medieval Greek, καθαρεύουσα), Parisium (medieval Latin), Pariz (Breton, Croatian, Slovene), Pariž - Париж (Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian), Paříž (Czech), Pariz - Париз (Serbian), Paríž (Slovak), Pariz - פּאַריז (Yiddish), Parīze (Latvian), Parizo (Esperanto), Párizs (Hungarian), Parys (Afrikaans), Paryż (Polish), Paryžius (Lithuanian), Paryž - Парыж (Belarusian), 巴黎 (Chinese), პარიზი (Georgian), Scottish Gaelic *
Parma	Parme (French), Párma (Hungarian), Párma - Πάρμα (Greek), პარმა (Georgian), Parma (Italian, Czech, Maltese, Slovak), Pareuma / P'arŭma - 파르마 (Korean), Paruma* - パルマ (Japanese)*
Pärnu	Parnawa (Polish), Pärnu (Estonian, Finnish, Portuguese, Swedish), Pernau (German), Pērnava (Latvian), Piarnu (Belarusian, Lithuanian), Pernov - Пернов (Russian), პიარნუ (Georgian)
Passau	Batavia Bavariae (medieval Latin), Castra Batava (Latin), Pasawa (Polish), Pasov (Czech, Slovak), Passau (Dutch, French, German, Romanian, Turkish), Passavia (Italian), Pasava (Serbian), პასაუ (Georgian), Båssa (Bavarian)
Patras	Patra (Modern Greek), Patrae (Latin), Patrasso (Italian), Patras (Azeri, Dutch, French, German)
Pavia	Pavia (Italian, German, Dutch), Ticinum (classical Latin), Papia (medieval Latin), Pavìa (Piedmontese), Pavio (Esperanto), Paviya - Павия (Russian), Pavija - Павија (Serbian), პავია (Georgian), Pavia - Παβία / Papia - Παπία (Greek)
Pazin	Mitterburg (German), Pazin (Croatian, Serbian), Pisino (Italian),
Pechory	Pechory - Печёры (Russian), Petschur (former German), Petseri (Estonian, Finnish), Peczora (Polish)
Pécs	Beci (old Romanian), Pětikostelí (Czech), Päťkostolie (Slovak), Peç (Turkish), Pečuh (Croatian), Fünfkirchen (German), Pecz (Polish), Pečuj - Печуј (Serbian), Quinqueecclesiae (Latin), Sopianae (old Latin), Cinquechiese (old Italian), პეჩი (Georgian), Печ (Macedonian), Sophianè - Σοφιανή (Byzantine Greek)
Peenemünde	Peenemünde (German), Pianoujście (Polish)
Penrith	Pen Rhudd (Welsh), Pioraid (Scottish Gaelic), Peerit* (Scots)
Perm	Perm (English, German, Czech, Finnish), Пермь (Russian), Permjo (Esperanto)
Perpignan	Perpignan (Dutch, French, Finnish, German, Romanian), Perpignano (Italian), Perpiñán (Spanish), Perpinhan (Occitan), Perpinhão (Portuguese), Perpinjan (Serbian), Perpinyà (Catalan)
Perugia	Pérouse' (French), Peruja / P'eruja - 페루자 (Korean), Perūja - ペルージャ (Japanese), Perugia (Dutch, German, Italian, Romanian), Perusa (Spanish), Perusia (Latin), Perúsia (Old Portuguese), პერუჯა (Georgian), Perusia - Περουσία (Greek)
Petrozavodsk	Petrosawodsk (German), Petroskoi (Finnish, Karelian), Petrozavodsk - Петрозаводск (Russian), Petrozavodskas (Lithuanian), Pietrazavodzk - Петразаводзк (Belarusian), Petrozavodsk (Azeri), Äänislinna (former Finnish), Pietrozawodzk (Polish), პეტროზავოდსკი (Georgian)
Piacenza	Piacenza (Dutch, German, Italian), Pjaćenca (Serbian), Plaisance (French), Plasencia (Spanish), Placência (Portuguese), Piacenţa (Romanian), Placentia (Latin), Plakentía - Πλακεντία (Greek), პიაჩენცა (Georgian)
Piatra Neamţ	Karácsonkő (Hungarian), Kreuzburg an der Bistritz (German), Piatra Neamţ (Romanian)
Piła	Piła (Polish), Schneidemühl (German 1772-1945)
Pilsen	Pilsen (Dutch, German, Italian, former Romanian), Pilzene (Latvian), Pilzno (Polish), Plzeň (Czech, Romanian, Slovak), პლზენი (Georgian)
Pinsk	Pinsk - Пінск (Belarusian), Pinsk - Пинск (Bulgarian, Russian), Pinsk (Dutch, French, German), Pińsk (Polish), Pins'k - Пінськ (Ukrainian), פינסק (Yiddish)
Piotrków Trybunalski	Piotrków Trybunalski (Polish), Petrikau (German), Petrikev - פּעטריקעװ (Yiddish), Petrokov (Russian)
Piran	Piran (Croatian, German, Serbian, Slovene), Pirano (Italian), Pyrrhanum (Latin), Pirànon - Πιράνον (Greek)
Plauen	Plauen (Dutch, French, German, Polish), Plavno (Czech)
Pleven	Pleven (Bulgarian, French, Serbian), Plevna (French alternate, Romanian, Russian), Plevne (Turkish), Plevno (Czech), Plewen (German, Polish), პლევენი (Georgian)
Plovdiv	Filippopoli (old Italian), Philippopolis (Latin), Philipúpoli - Φιλιππούπολη (Greek), Plovdiv (Azeri, Bulgarian, Czech, Dutch, Finnish, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Slovak), Plowdiw (German), Płowdiw (Polish), Pulpudeva (Thracian, former name), Evmolpias (Thracian), Trimontium (Latin, former name), Filibe (Turkish, former name), Paldin (Slavic, former name), პლოვდივი (Georgian)
Ploieşti	Ploieashti (Aromanian), Ploesht - Плоещ (Bulgarian), Plorescht (old German), Ploésti - Πλοέστι (Greek), Ploesht - פלוישט (Hebrew), Ploeszti (Polish), Ploešti - Плоешти (Russian)
Plymouth	Aberplym (Cornish), Pleimuiden (Dutch alternate), Plimuto (Esperanto), პლიმუთი (Georgian)
Podgorica	Podgairítse (Irish), Podgorica (Finnish, French, German, Portuguese, Polish, Slovak), Podogoritsa - ポドゴリツァ (Japanese), Ribnica* (former name), Titograd (former name), პოდგორიცა (Georgian)
Polatsk	Połacak - Полацак (Belarusian, obsolete), Połack - Полацк (Belarusian), Polock (Czech), Połock (Polish), Polotsk - Полоцк (Russian), Poloţk (Romanian), Polotzk (German),
Pompeii	Pompei (Italian, Azeri, Romanian, Turkish), Pompéi (French), Pompeia (Catalan, Portuguese), Pompeii (Latin), Poimpé (Irish), Pompej (Maltese, Hungarian), Pompeji (Danish, Dutch, German, Slovene, Swedish, Hungarian), Pompeya (Spanish, Tagalog), Pompeja* (Latvian, Serbian), Pompeje (Czech, Polish, Slovak), Pompiía - Πομπηία (Greek), Pompeiji (Finnish), Pompėja (Lithuanian), Pompei/P'omp'ei - 폼페이 (Korean), Pompei - ポンペイ (Japanese)*
Pontresina	Pontresina (French, German, Italian), Puntraschigna (Romansh)
Porec	Parenzo (Italian), Poreč (Croatian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene), Porech - Пореч (Russian)
Pori	Björneborg (Swedish), Pori (Finnish, Portuguese, Romanian, Latvian)
Porto	Burtuqāl (Arabic), Oporto (Irish, Italian, Spanish, English variant), Poreutu / P'orŭt'u - 포르투 (Korean), Portas* (Lithuanian), Porto (Azeri, Czech, Dutch, Esperanto, Finnish, French, German, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Slovak, Turkish), Portó (Hungarian), Portus Cale (Latin), Portu (Latvian), პორტუ (Georgian), Poruto - ポルト (Japanese)*
Porto Torres	Porto Torres (Italian), Pòlsthu Tòrra (Sassarese), Pòrtu Tòrres (Sardinian)
Portorož	Portorose (Italian), Portorož (Serbian, Slovak, Slovene)
Porvoo	Borgå (Swedish), Porvoo (Estonian, Finnish, Portuguese, Romanian), Borgoa (Latin)
Potsdam	波茨坦 (Chinese), Podstupim (Lower Sorbian), Postupim (Czech, Slovak), Potsdam (Azeri, Dutch, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Swedish), Poczdam (Polish), Potsdama (Latvian), Potsdamas (Lithuanian), პოტსდამი (Georgian), 포츠담 (Korean), Potsudamu - ポツダム (Japanese)*
Poznań	Poznań (Polish), Posen (Dutch, German), Posnania (Latin), Poyzn - פּױזן (Yiddish), Poznaņa (Latvian), Poznanė (Lithuanian), Poznaň (Czech, Slovak), Poznan (Azeri, French, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Turkish), Poznań - Познань (Belarusian, Ukrainian), პოზნანი (Georgian), Pojeunan/P'ojŭnan - 포즈난 (Korean), Pozunani - ポズナニ (Japanese)*
Prague	Birāġ (Arabic), Peuraha / P'ŭraha - 프라하 (Korean), Praag* (Afrikaans, Dutch, Limburgish), Prag (Bosnian, Croatian, Danish, German, Luxembourgish, Serbian, Swedish, Turkish, Icelandic), پراگ (Persian), Prâg (Welsh), Prág (Irish), Pràg (Scottish Gaelic), Praga (Latin, Basque, Catalan, Italian, Kashubian, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovene, Spanish, Tagalog), Prago* (Esperanto), Prága - Πράγα (Greek), Prága (Hungarian), Prague (English, French), Praha (Belarusian, Czech, Estonian, Finnish, Ido, Indonesian, Nauruan, Norwegian, Slovak, Ukrainian, Lithuanian), Prāga (Latvian), Prog - פּראָג (Yiddish), Puraha - プラハ (Japanese), 布拉格 (Chinese), პრაღა (Georgian), Praga* - Прага (Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian)
Pravdinsk	Friedland (German), Frydland/Frydląd (Polish), Pravdinsk - Правдинск (Russian), Romuva (Lithuanian)
Prešov	Eperies (German alternate), Eperjes (Hungarian), Peryeshis (Romani), Preschau (German), Presovia, Fragopolis, Eperiessinum (Latin), Prešov (Czech, Slovak), Preszów (Polish), Pryashev - Пряшев (Russian), Pryašiv - Пряшів (Ukrainian), Pryašuv - Пряшyв (Ruthenian)
Priozersk	Kexholm / Keksholm (Swedish), Käkisalmi (Finnish), Korela (Finnish alternate), Priozersk (German, Russian)
Pristina	Prishtinë (Albanian), Priština - Приштина (Serbian, Russian), Priština - Прищина (Bulgarian), Prischtina (German), Priština (Czech, Slovak), Priştina (Romanian), Pristine (Irish), Priştine (Turkish), Pristina (French, Hungarian, Portuguese), Pristino (Esperanto), Priština (Latvian, Lithuanian, Slovene), Prístina - Πρίστινα (Greek), Prisztina (Polish), პრიშტინა (Georgian)
Příbor	Freiberg in Mähren (German*)
Přerov	Prerau (German*)
Prostějov	Proßnitz in Mähren (German)
Pruszcz Gdański	Pruszcz Gdański (Polish), Praust (German)
Przemyśl	Peremisla (Romanian, old), Peremyshl' - Перемышль (Russian, traditional), Peremyshl' - Перемишль (Ukrainian, traditional), Pieramyšl - Перамышль (Belarusian), Premisl (Romanian), Premisl - פּרעמיסל (Yiddish), Přemyšl (Czech), Przemyśl (Polish), Pshemysl' - Пшемысль (Russian, modern official), Pshemysl' - Пшемисль (Ukrainian, modern official)
Pskov	Pskov - Псков (Russian), Pihkova (Finnish), Pihkva (Estonian), Pleskau (historical German), Pleskava (Latvian), Pskov (Azeri, Dutch, French, Romanian), Pskovas (Lithuanian), Pskow (modern German), Psków (Polish), Pskoŭ - Пскоў (Belarusian), ფსკოვი (Georgian)
Puck	Puck (Polish), Pùck (Kashubian), Putzig (German)
Pula	Pola (Italian, Romanian, French, German, Dutch), Póla (Hungarian), Polei (older German), Pula (Croatian, Czech, Finnish, German, Portuguese, Serbian, Slovak), Pulj (Slovene), Poła (Venetian), Puola (Istriot), Pòlis - Πόλις (Greek)
Puławy	Pilev - פּילעװ (Yiddish), Puławy (Polish) Pilev (English, Spanish), Pullno (German)
Pyrzyce	Pyrzyce (Polish), Pyritz (German)

References

[KNAB] "KNAB, the Place Names Database of EKI". Eki.ee. Retrieved 2013-01-01.

↑ Orbis latinus

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Friday, August 28, 2015. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.