Nairn

Nairn
Scottish Gaelic: Inbhir Narann
St Ninian's Church in Nairn
Nairn  Nairn shown within the Highland council area
Population	12,046 [1]
OS grid reference	NH887563
– Edinburgh	162 miles[2]
Council area	Highland
Lieutenancy area	Nairn
Country	Scotland
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	NAIRN
Postcode district	IV12
Dialling code	01667
Police	Scottish
Fire	Scottish
Ambulance	Scottish
EU Parliament	Scotland
UK Parliament	Inverness, Nairn, Badenoch and Strathspey
List of places UK Scotland

Coordinates: 57°35′10″N 3°52′08″W / 57.586°N 3.869°W / 57.586; -3.869

Nairn (/ˈnɛərn/ NAIRN; Gaelic: Inbhir Narann) is a town and former burgh in the Highland council area of Scotland. It is an ancient fishing port and market town around 16 miles (26 km) east of Inverness. It was the county town of the wider county of Nairn also known as Nairnshire.

The town is now best known as a seaside resort, with two golf courses, award winning beaches, a community centre/mid-scale arts venue ( Nairn Community & Arts Centre),^[3] a small theatre (called The Little Theatre^[4]) and one small museum, providing information on the local area and incorporating the collection of the former Fishertown museum.

History

Seal of the Burgh of Nairn, depicting Saint Ninian (from a 1906 book)

King James VI of Scotland visited the town in 1589 and is said to have later remarked that the High Street was so long that the people at either end spoke different languages, Scots and Gaelic. The landward farmers generally spoke Scots and the fishing families at the harbour end, Gaelic.^[5] Nairn, formerly split into Scottish Gaelic- and Scots-speaking communities, was a town of two halves in other ways. The narrow-streeted fishertown surrounds a harbour built by Thomas Telford while Victorian villas stand in the 'West End'. It is believed that the Duke of Cumberland stayed in Nairn the night before the battle of Culloden.

In 1645, during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, the battle of Auldearn was fought near the town, between Royalists and Covenanters.

It was not until the 1860s that Nairn became a respectable and popular holiday town. Dr. John Grigor (a statue of whom is located at Viewfield) was gifted a house in this coastal town and spent his retirement there. He valued its warm climate and advised his wealthy clients to holiday there. Following the opening of the Nairn railway station in 1855, new houses and hotels were built in the elegant West End. The station is on the Aberdeen to Inverness Line. Originally this was the last stop on the line from London due to the inhospitable terrain on what is now the main Dava branch line to Inverness.

Nairn has an expanse of sand beaches that were used extensively in training exercises for the Normandy landings during World War 2. Notably during this period two German spies who had been dropped by U-boat in the Moray Firth were arrested at Nairn Railway Station attempting to board a train to Inverness.

Parliamentary burgh

The burgh of Nairn was a parliamentary burgh, combined with the burghs of Inverness, Fortrose and Forres, in the Inverness Burghs constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1708 to 1918. The constituency was abolished in 1918 and the Forres and Nairn components were merged into the then new constituency of Moray and Nairn.

Climate

Like the rest of the British Isles, Nairn experiences a maritime climate with cool summers and mild winters. It is one of the driest locations in Scotland due to the rain shadowing effect of the surrounding mountains.

Current developments

Nairn Town Hall

The A96 from Inverness to Aberdeen currently passes through Nairn town itself. Fergus Ewing, Scottish National Party MSP for Inverness and Nairn (and before 2011 Inverness East, Nairn and Lochaber), has been canvassing for a Nairn by-pass to be developed.^[8]

At present Scottish Government investment in the transport infrastructure has focused on the Inverness to Nairn stretch of road, especially to improve links to Inverness Airport.^[9] However, there are no current plans to build a Nairn by-pass until after 2011. Land to the east and south of the town is being considered for the further development of 1400 houses, with additional plans submitted by Lord Cawdor to double the size of the town over the next 10–15 years through private investment.^[10]

Nairn Improvement Community Enterprise was formed in 2010 as a company limited by guarantee to facilitate the regeneration of Nairn Town Centre and its surrounding areas and membership is open to all residents.^[11]

Religion

The Old Parish Church (St Ninian's) is on Academy Street in Nairn. It is still in use as a Church of Scotland church. St Columba's Episcopal Church is on Queen Street; the church was built of sandstone with a slate roof in 1857 and is still in use.^[12]

Sport

Nairn is known as a world class golfing destination, with two 18 hole Championship golf courses. One of these, The Nairn Golf Club is one of the greatest traditional links courses in the world and was established in 1887. Its designers include Archie Simpson, Old Tom Morris and James Braid. It has hosted many tournaments culminating in the 1999 Walker Cup and is visited by golfers from all over the world. It is currently ranked number 24 in the definitive list of the Top 100 courses in Britain & Ireland 2010/2011 and was the venue for the 2012 Curtis Cup. The second is Nairn Dunbar Golf Club.

Nairn is also the home of Scottish Under-21 champion Kelsey MacDonald – currently a top Scottish female amateur.^[13][14]

The local football team is Nairn County F.C., who play in the Highland Football League. They recently picked up their first trophy in 31 years when they won the North of Scotland Cup 3-1 against local rivals Forres Mechanics F.C. at Grant Street Park, Inverness. The town has another football team, Nairn St Ninian, who are a junior outfit.

Culture

The town also hosts the Nairn International Jazz Festival^[15] each August, usually attracting some well-known and world class musicians. In 2007 Oscar-winning actress Tilda Swinton, who lives in Nairn, created a film festival entitled "Ballerina Ballroom Cinema of Dreams" which was created out of an old bingo hall in the town. It generated worldwide press about the festival and Nairn.^[16]

Nairn is also the host for the annual Nairn Book & Arts festival which takes place every year in June at the Nairn Community & Arts Centre.

Nairn is home to the Little Theatre, run by the Nairn Drama Club, which was established in 1946. Each year the club produces a number of shows, of varying genres, with the annual Christmas panto being the largest production of all. The Theatre began in dilapidated premises but was rebuilt and reopened in 2004.

Nairn stages one of the biggest Highland games in the North. The first event was held in 1867, and it is now one of the few where entry remains free. The games are a major event in the local social calendar.

Notable people

• Charlie Chaplin, used to holiday every year in Nairn and stayed at the Newton Hotel.^[17]
• Margaret Fulton, food and cookery author, writer, journalist, author, and commentator. She was the first of this genre of writers in Australia.
• James Augustus Grant, who discovered the source of the Nile together with Speke was born at Househill, attended Nairn Academy and died at Nairn in 1892. There is a plaque to his memory in St Paul's Cathedral.
• Frances Mary Hendry, author of children's historical fiction, resides in Nairn, where many of her books are set.
• Grenville Johnston, Lord Lieutenant of Moray, born here.
• Tilda Swinton, British actress and her children have resided in Nairn since 2007.
• David St John Thomas, British author and publisher resides here.
• William Whitelaw, the British deputy Prime Minister 1979–88, was born in Nairn and has a street named after his family.

See also

• Nairn Town and County Hospital

References

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Nairn.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nairn.

External links

• A Gurn from Nurn with views on politics, culture, upcoming events etc.
• Nairn River Community Council