Nubuwwah
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In Islam, Nubuwwah (Arabic: نبوة) means "Prophethood" and denotes that God has appointed perfect Prophets and Messengers to teach humanity God's religion.[1] Nubuwwah is among the five Shi'a Roots of Religion.
Muslims believe that the prophets and messengers (Adam being the first prophet and Muhammad the last)are appointed by Allah.
Etymology
In the Quran, both words Nabi (Arabic: نبي ) and ‘’Rasul'’ (Arabic: رسول) is used to for Nubuwwah.[2] The root of Nabuwwah is ‘’Nabuwwat’’ (Arabic: نبوة ) , which means to be high, so Nabi means a high person: high in presence of Allah. This word is nominated to exalted position of prophet in presence of Allah.[3]
According to Morteza Motahhari, the word Nabi is derived from Naba’ (Arabic: نبأ), which means important news, so Nabi means a person who received news from Allah and bring to people.[2] Another word that is used to for Nabuwwah is ‘’Risalat’’ (Arabic: رسالة ) which means send. ‘’Rasul’’ is derived from this word and means person who is sent. For this reason, ‘’Rasul’’ interprets a person who is sent from Allah.[3]
There is differences between Nabi and Rasul. Sayyid Saeed Akhtar Rizvi nominated that, according to popular point of view, ‘’Rasul’’ was that prophet who brought a new religious law while those prophets who did not bring any new religious law (and followed the law of a previous 'Rasul') were called Nabi.[3]
Further reading
- Boislivea, Anne-Sylvie, Prophethood, in Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God (2 vols.), Edited by C. Fitzpatrick and A. Walker, Santa Barbara, ABC-CLIO, 2014, Vol. II, pp. 493–495. ISBN 1610691776
- Prophethood in the Qur'an, in Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God (2 vols.), Edited by C. Fitzpatrick and A. Walker, Santa Barbara, ABC-CLIO, 2014, Vol. II, pp. 495–499. - Prophetic Character of Muhammad, in Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God (2 vols.), Edited by C. Fitzpatrick and A. Walker, Santa Barbara, ABC-CLIO, 2014, Vol. II, pp. 500–502.