Cy Young Award

Cy Young Award

The Cy Young Award
Awarded for Major League Baseball's Best Regular Season Pitcher
Country United States
Presented by Baseball Writers' Association of America
First awarded 1956
Currently held by Jake Arrieta, National League
Dallas Keuchel, American League

The Cy Young Award is given annually to the best pitchers in Major League Baseball (MLB), one each for the American League (AL) and National League (NL). The award was first introduced in 1956 by Baseball Commissioner Ford Frick in honor of Hall of Fame pitcher Cy Young, who died in 1955. The award was originally given to the single best pitcher in the major leagues, but in 1967, after the retirement of Frick, the award was given to one pitcher in each league.[1][2]

Each league's award is voted on by members of the Baseball Writers' Association of America, with one representative from each team. As of the 2010 season, each voter places a vote for first, second, third, fourth and fifth place among the pitchers of each league. The formula used to calculate the final scores is a weighted sum of the votes.[A] The pitcher with the highest score in each league wins the award.[1] If two pitchers receive the same number of votes, the award is shared.[3] The current formula started in the 2010 season. Before that, dating back to 1970, writers voted for three pitchers, with the formula of 5 points for a first place vote, 3 for a second place vote and 1 for a third place vote. Prior to 1970, writers only voted for the best pitcher and used a formula of one point per vote.[1]

History

Cy Young, for whom the award is named

The Cy Young Award was first introduced in 1956 by Commissioner of Baseball Ford C. Frick in honor of Hall of Fame pitcher Cy Young, who died in 1955.[1] The award would be given to pitchers only. Originally given to the single best pitcher in the major leagues, the award changed its format over time. From 1956 to 1966, the award was given to one pitcher in Major League Baseball. After Frick retired in 1967, William Eckert became the new Commissioner of Baseball. Due to fan requests, Eckert announced that the Cy Young Award would be given out both in the American League and the National League.[1] From 1956 to 1958, a pitcher was not allowed to win the award on more than one occasion; this rule was eliminated in 1959. After a tie in the 1969 voting for the AL Cy Young Award, the process was changed, in which each writer was to vote for three different pitchers: the first-place vote received five points, the second-place vote received three points, and the third-place vote received one point.[1]

The first recipient of the Cy Young Award was Don Newcombe of the Dodgers, and the most recent winners are Jake Arrieta, from the National League, and Dallas Keuchel, from the American League.[1][4] In 1957, Warren Spahn became the first left-handed pitcher to win the award. In 1963, Sandy Koufax became the first pitcher to win the award in a unanimous vote; two years later he became the first multiple winner. In 1978, Gaylord Perry (age 40) became the oldest pitcher to receive the award, a record that stood until broken in 2004 by Roger Clemens (age 42).[1] The youngest recipient was Dwight Gooden (age 20 in 1985). In 2012, R.A. Dickey became the first knuckleball pitcher to win the award.[5]

In 1974, Mike Marshall won the award, becoming the first relief pitcher to win the award.[1] In 1992, Dennis Eckersley was the first modern closer (first player to be used almost exclusively in ninth inning situations)[6][7][8] to win the award, and since then only one other relief pitcher has won the award, Éric Gagné in 2003 (also a closer). A total of nine relief pitchers have won the Cy Young Award across both leagues.

Steve Carlton in 1982 became the first pitcher to win more than three Cy Young Awards, while Greg Maddux in 1994 became the first to win at least three in a row (and received a fourth straight the following year), a feat later repeated by Randy Johnson.

Winners

Key
Year Each year is linked to an article about that Major League Baseball season.
ERA Earned run average
* Also named Most Valuable Player (10 occurrences as of 2014)
** Also named Rookie of the Year (1 occurrence as of 2014, by Fernando Valenzuela)
Hall of Fame Member of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum (20 individuals as of 2015)

Major Leagues combined (1956–1966)

Don Newcombe, the first ever winner
Year Pitcher Team Record[B]Saves[C]ERAKs
1956 Newcombe, DonDon Newcombe* Brooklyn Dodgers (NL) 27–7 0 3.06 139
1957 Spahn, WarrenWarren SpahnHall of Fame Milwaukee Braves (NL) 21–11 3 2.69 111
1958 Turley, BobBob Turley New York Yankees (AL) 21–7 1 2.97 168
1959 Wynn, EarlyEarly WynnHall of Fame Chicago White Sox (AL) 22–10 0 3.17 179
1960 Law, VernVern Law Pittsburgh Pirates (NL) 20–9 0 3.08 120
1961 Ford, WhiteyWhitey FordHall of Fame New York Yankees (AL) 25–4 0 3.21 209
1962 Drysdale, DonDon DrysdaleHall of Fame Los Angeles Dodgers (NL) 25–9 1 2.84 232
1963 Koufax, SandySandy Koufax*Hall of Fame Los Angeles Dodgers (NL) 25–5 0 1.88 306
1964 Chance, DeanDean Chance Los Angeles Angels (AL) 20–9 4 1.65 207
1965 Koufax, SandySandy KoufaxHall of Fame Los Angeles Dodgers (NL) 26–8 2 2.04 382
1966 Koufax, SandySandy KoufaxHall of Fame Los Angeles Dodgers (NL) 27–9 0 1.73 317

National League (1967–present)

Tom Glavine
John Smoltz
From 1991–1998 Greg Maddux, Tom Glavine, and John Smoltz combined for seven NL Cy Young Awards during their time with the Atlanta Braves and Chicago Cubs
Clayton Kershaw, three-time winner
Tim Lincecum, two-time winner
R.A. Dickey, the first knuckleball pitcher to win the award
Year Pitcher Team Record[B]Saves[C]ERAKs
1967 McCormick, MikeMike McCormick San Francisco Giants 22–10 0 2.85 150
1968 Gibson, BobBob Gibson*Hall of Fame St. Louis Cardinals 22–9 0 1.12 268
1969 Seaver, TomTom SeaverHall of Fame New York Mets 25–7 0 2.21 208
1970 Gibson, BobBob GibsonHall of Fame St. Louis Cardinals 23–7 0 3.12 274
1971 Jenkins, FergusonFerguson JenkinsHall of Fame Chicago Cubs 24–13 0 2.77 263
1972 Carlton, SteveSteve CarltonHall of Fame Philadelphia Phillies 27–10 0 1.98 310
1973 Seaver, TomTom SeaverHall of Fame New York Mets 19–10 0 2.08 251
1974 Marshall, MikeMike Marshall Los Angeles Dodgers 15–12 21 2.42 143
1975 Seaver, TomTom SeaverHall of Fame New York Mets 22–9 0 2.38 243
1976 Jones, RandyRandy Jones San Diego Padres 22–14 0 2.74 93
1977 Carlton, SteveSteve CarltonHall of Fame Philadelphia Phillies 23–10 0 2.64 198
1978 Perry, GaylordGaylord PerryHall of Fame San Diego Padres 21–6 0 2.73 154
1979 Sutter, BruceBruce SutterHall of Fame Chicago Cubs 6–6 37 2.22 110
1980 Carlton, SteveSteve CarltonHall of Fame Philadelphia Phillies 24–9 0 2.34 286
1981 Valenzuela, FernandoFernando Valenzuela** Los Angeles Dodgers 13–7 0 2.48 180
1982 Carlton, SteveSteve CarltonHall of Fame Philadelphia Phillies 23–11 0 3.11 286
1983 Denny, JohnJohn Denny Philadelphia Phillies 19–6 0 2.37 139
1984 Sutcliffe, RickRick Sutcliffe Chicago Cubs 16–1 0 2.69 155
1985 Gooden, DwightDwight Gooden New York Mets 24–4 0 1.53 268
1986 Scott, MikeMike Scott Houston Astros 18–10 0 2.22 306
1987 Bedrosian, SteveSteve Bedrosian Philadelphia Phillies 5–3 40 2.83 74
1988 Hershiser, OrelOrel Hershiser Los Angeles Dodgers 23–8 1 2.26 178
1989 Davis, MarkMark Davis San Diego Padres 4–3 44 1.85 92
1990 Drabek, DougDoug Drabek Pittsburgh Pirates 22–6 0 2.76 131
1991 Glavine, TomTom GlavineHall of Fame Atlanta Braves 20–11 0 2.55 192
1992 Maddux, GregGreg MadduxHall of Fame Chicago Cubs 20–11 0 2.18 199
1993 Maddux, GregGreg MadduxHall of Fame Atlanta Braves 20–10 0 2.36 197
1994 Maddux, GregGreg MadduxHall of Fame Atlanta Braves 16–6 0 1.56 156
1995 Maddux, GregGreg MadduxHall of Fame Atlanta Braves 19–2 0 1.63 181
1996 Smoltz, JohnJohn SmoltzHall of Fame Atlanta Braves 24–8 0 2.94 276
1997 Martínez, PedroPedro MartínezHall of Fame Montreal Expos 17–8 0 1.90 305
1998 Glavine, TomTom GlavineHall of Fame Atlanta Braves 20–6 0 2.47 157
1999 Johnson, RandyRandy JohnsonHall of Fame Arizona Diamondbacks 17–9 0 2.49 364
2000 Johnson, RandyRandy JohnsonHall of Fame Arizona Diamondbacks 19–7 0 2.64 347
2001 Johnson, RandyRandy JohnsonHall of Fame Arizona Diamondbacks 21–6 0 2.49 372
2002 Johnson, RandyRandy JohnsonHall of Fame Arizona Diamondbacks 24–5 0 2.32 334
2003 Gagne, EricEric Gagne Los Angeles Dodgers 2–3 55 1.20 137
2004 Clemens, RogerRoger Clemens Houston Astros 18–4 0 2.98 218
2005 Carpenter, ChrisChris Carpenter St. Louis Cardinals 21–5 0 2.83 213
2006 Webb, BrandonBrandon Webb Arizona Diamondbacks 16–8 0 3.10 178
2007 Peavy, JakeJake Peavy San Diego Padres 19–6 0 2.54 240
2008 Lincecum, TimTim Lincecum San Francisco Giants 18–5 0 2.62 265
2009 Lincecum, TimTim Lincecum San Francisco Giants 15–7 0 2.48 261
2010 Halladay, RoyRoy Halladay Philadelphia Phillies 21–10 0 2.44 219
2011 Kershaw, ClaytonClayton Kershaw Los Angeles Dodgers 21–5 0 2.28 248
2012 Dickey, R.A.R.A. Dickey New York Mets 20–6 0 2.73 230
2013 Kershaw, ClaytonClayton Kershaw Los Angeles Dodgers 16–9 0 1.83 232
2014 Kershaw, ClaytonClayton Kershaw* Los Angeles Dodgers 21–3 0 1.77 239
2015 Arrieta, JakeJake Arrieta Chicago Cubs 22–6 0 1.77 236

American League (1967–present)

CC Sabathia, one-time winner
Pedro Martínez, three-time winner
Justin Verlander won the AL Cy Young, AL Pitching Triple Crown, and AL MVP in 2011.
Johan Santana, two-time winner
Zack Greinke, one-time winner
Corey Kluber, one-time winner
Year Pitcher Team Record[B]Saves[C]ERAKs
1967 Lonborg, JimJim Lonborg Boston Red Sox 22–9 0 3.16 246
1968 McLain, DennyDenny McLain* Detroit Tigers 31–6 0 1.96 280
1969 Cuellar, MikeMike Cuellar Baltimore Orioles 23–11 0 2.38 182
1969 McLain, DennyDenny McLain Detroit Tigers 24–9 0 2.80 181
1970 Perry, JimJim Perry Minnesota Twins 24–12 0 3.04 168
1971 Blue, VidaVida Blue* Oakland Athletics 24–8 0 1.82 301
1972 Perry, GaylordGaylord PerryHall of Fame Cleveland Indians 24–16 1 1.92 234
1973 Palmer, JimJim PalmerHall of Fame Baltimore Orioles 22–9 1 2.40 168
1974 Hunter, CatfishCatfish HunterHall of Fame Oakland Athletics 25–12 0 2.49 143
1975 Palmer, JimJim PalmerHall of Fame Baltimore Orioles 23–11 1 2.09 193
1976 Palmer, JimJim PalmerHall of Fame Baltimore Orioles 22–13 0 2.51 159
1977 Lyle, SparkySparky Lyle New York Yankees 13–5 26 2.17 68
1978 Guidry, RonRon Guidry New York Yankees 25–3 0 1.74 248
1979 Flanagan, MikeMike Flanagan Baltimore Orioles 23–9 0 3.08 190
1980 Stone, SteveSteve Stone Baltimore Orioles 25–7 0 3.23 149
1981 Fingers, RollieRollie Fingers*Hall of Fame Milwaukee Brewers 6–3 28 1.04 61
1982 Vuckovich, PetePete Vuckovich Milwaukee Brewers 18–6 0 3.34 105
1983 Hoyt, LaMarrLaMarr Hoyt Chicago White Sox 24–10 0 3.66 148
1984 Hernández, WillieWillie Hernández* Detroit Tigers 9–3 32 1.92 112
1985 Saberhagen, BretBret Saberhagen Kansas City Royals 20–6 0 2.87 158
1986 Clemens, RogerRoger Clemens* Boston Red Sox 24–4 0 2.48 238
1987 Clemens, RogerRoger Clemens Boston Red Sox 20–9 0 2.97 256
1988 Viola, FrankFrank Viola Minnesota Twins 24–7 0 2.64 193
1989 Saberhagen, BretBret Saberhagen Kansas City Royals 23–6 0 2.16 193
1990 Welch, BobBob Welch Oakland Athletics 27–6 0 2.95 127
1991 Clemens, RogerRoger Clemens Boston Red Sox 18–10 0 2.62 241
1992 Eckersley, DennisDennis Eckersley*Hall of Fame Oakland Athletics 7–1 51 1.91 93
1993 McDowell, JackJack McDowell Chicago White Sox 22–10 0 3.37 158
1994 Cone, DavidDavid Cone Kansas City Royals 16–5 0 2.94 132
1995 Johnson, RandyRandy JohnsonHall of Fame Seattle Mariners 18–2 0 2.48 294
1996 Hentgen, PatPat Hentgen Toronto Blue Jays 20–10 0 3.22 177
1997 Clemens, RogerRoger Clemens Toronto Blue Jays 21–7 0 2.05 292
1998 Clemens, RogerRoger Clemens Toronto Blue Jays 20–6 0 2.65 271
1999 Martínez, PedroPedro MartínezHall of Fame Boston Red Sox 23–4 0 2.07 313
2000 Martínez, PedroPedro MartínezHall of Fame Boston Red Sox 18–6 0 1.74 284
2001 Clemens, RogerRoger Clemens New York Yankees 20–3 0 3.51 213
2002 Zito, BarryBarry Zito Oakland Athletics 23–5 0 2.75 182
2003 Halladay, RoyRoy Halladay Toronto Blue Jays 22–7 0 3.25 204
2004 Santana, JohanJohan Santana Minnesota Twins 20–6 0 2.61 265
2005 Colón, BartoloBartolo Colón Los Angeles Angels 21–8 0 3.48 157
2006 Santana, JohanJohan Santana Minnesota Twins 19–6 0 2.77 265
2007 Sabathia, CCCC Sabathia Cleveland Indians 19–7 0 3.21 209
2008 Lee, CliffCliff Lee Cleveland Indians 22–3 0 2.54 170
2009 Greinke, ZackZack Greinke Kansas City Royals 16–8 0 2.16 242
2010 Hernández, FélixFélix Hernández Seattle Mariners 13–12 0 2.27 232
2011 Verlander, JustinJustin Verlander* Detroit Tigers 24–5 0 2.40 250
2012 Price, DavidDavid Price Tampa Bay Rays 20–5 0 2.56 205
2013 Scherzer, MaxMax Scherzer Detroit Tigers 21–3 0 2.90 240
2014 Kluber, CoreyCorey Kluber Cleveland Indians 18–9 0 2.44 269
2015 Keuchel, DallasDallas Keuchel Houston Astros 20–8 0 2.48 216

Multiple winners

With 7, Roger Clemens, has the most Cy Young Awards of all time.
Randy Johnson, five-time winner

There have been 17 pitchers who have won the award multiple times. Roger Clemens currently holds the record for the most awards won, with seven. Greg Maddux (1992–1995) and Randy Johnson (1999–2002) share the record for the most consecutive awards won. Clemens, Johnson, Pedro Martínez, Gaylord Perry, and Roy Halladay are the only pitchers to have won the award in both the American League and National League; Sandy Koufax is the only pitcher who won multiple awards during the period when only one award was presented for all of Major League Baseball. Roger Clemens was the youngest pitcher to win a second Cy Young Award, while Tim Lincecum is the youngest pitcher to do so in the National League and Clayton Kershaw is the youngest left-hander to do so. Clayton Kershaw is the youngest pitcher to win a third Cy Young Award.

Pitcher # of Awards Years
Roger Clemens 7 1986, 1987, 1991, 1997, 1998, 2001, 2004
Randy Johnson Hall of Fame 5 1995, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002
Steve Carlton Hall of Fame 4 1972, 1977, 1980, 1982
Greg Maddux Hall of Fame 4 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
Sandy Koufax Hall of Fame 3 1963, 1965, 1966
Pedro Martínez Hall of Fame 3 1997, 1999, 2000
Jim Palmer Hall of Fame 3 1973, 1975, 1976
Tom Seaver Hall of Fame 3 1969, 1973, 1975
Clayton Kershaw 3 2011, 2013, 2014
Bob Gibson Hall of Fame 2 1968, 1970
Tom Glavine Hall of Fame 2 1991, 1998
Roy Halladay 2 2003, 2010
Tim Lincecum 2 2008, 2009
Denny McLain 2 1968, 1969
Gaylord Perry Hall of Fame 2 1972, 1978
Bret Saberhagen 2 1985, 1989
Johan Santana 2 2004, 2006

Wins by teams

Only four teams have never had a pitcher win the Cy Young Award. The Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers have won more than any other team with 12.

Team # of Awards Years
Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers 12 1956, 1962–1963, 1965–1966, 1974, 1981, 1988, 2003, 2011, 2013–2014
Milwaukee/Atlanta Braves 7 1957, 1991, 1993–1996, 1998
Philadelphia Phillies 7 1972, 1977, 1980, 1982–1983, 1987, 2010
Baltimore Orioles 6 1969, 1973, 1975–1976, 1979–1980
Boston Red Sox 6 1967, 1986–1987, 1991, 1999–2000
Arizona Diamondbacks 5 1999–2002, 2006
Detroit Tigers 5 1968–1969, 1984, 2011, 2013
New York Mets 5 1969, 1973, 1975, 1985, 2012
New York Yankees 5 1958, 1961, 1977–1978, 2001
Oakland Athletics 5 1971, 1974, 1990, 1992, 2002
Chicago Cubs 5 1971, 1979, 1984, 1992, 2015
Cleveland Indians 4 1972, 2007–2008, 2014
Kansas City Royals 4 1985, 1989, 1994, 2009
Minnesota Twins 4 1970, 1988, 2004, 2006
San Diego Padres 4 1976, 1978, 1989, 2007
Toronto Blue Jays 4 1996–1998, 2003
Chicago White Sox 3 1959, 1983, 1993
Houston Astros 3 1986, 2004, 2015
San Francisco Giants 3 1967, 2008–2009
St. Louis Cardinals 3 1968, 1970, 2005
Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim 2 1964, 2005
Milwaukee Brewers 2 1981–1982
Pittsburgh Pirates 2 1960, 1990
Seattle Mariners 2 1995, 2010
Montreal Expos/Washington Nationals 1 1997
Tampa Bay Rays 1 2012
Cincinnati Reds 0 none
Colorado Rockies 0 none
Miami Marlins 0 none
Texas Rangers 0 none

Unanimous winners

There have been 17 players who unanimously won the Cy Young Award, for a total of 23 wins.

Five of these unanimous wins were accompanied with a win of the Most Valuable Player award (marked with * below; ** denotes that the player's unanimous win was accompanied with a unanimous win of the MVP).

In the National League, 11 players have unanimously won the Cy Young Award, for a total of 14 wins.

In the American League, six players have unanimously won the Cy Young Award, for a total of nine wins.

See also

Notes

References

General
Specific
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Cy Young Award on Baseball Almanac". BaseballAlmanac.com. Retrieved October 22, 2008.
  2. ↑ Cy Young Award Winners (American League). MSN. Archived from the original on October 31, 2009. Retrieved November 1, 2008.
  3. ↑ "Cy Young Award voting results". Baseball Digest. 2004. Retrieved November 1, 2008.
  4. ↑ "Cy Young Award winners". Major League Baseball. Retrieved October 22, 2008.
  5. ↑ "R.A. Dickey wins NL Cy Young". ESPN. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
  6. ↑ Zimniuch 2010, p.169
  7. ↑ http://ca.sports.yahoo.com/mlb/news?slug=jp-relievers042610
  8. ↑ Jenkins, Chris (September 25, 2006). "Where's the fire?". The San Diego Union-Tribune. Archived from the original on February 25, 2011.

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