Moradabad

This article is about the city in Uttar Pradesh, India. For its namesake district, see Moradabad district. For other uses, see Moradabad (disambiguation).
Moradabad
मुरादाबाद
مُرادآباد

Moradabad

Jigar Moradabadi Gate in Moradabad
Nickname(s): Brass City
Moradabad
Moradabad

Location in Uttar Pradesh

Coordinates: 28°50′N 78°47′E / 28.83°N 78.78°E / 28.83; 78.78Coordinates: 28°50′N 78°47′E / 28.83°N 78.78°E / 28.83; 78.78
Country India
State Uttar Pradesh
District Moradabad
Established 1625[1]
Founded by Rustam Khan
Named for Murad Baksh
Government
 • MP Kunwar Sarvesh Kumar Singh (BJP)
 • Mayor Mrs. Beena Agrawal (BJP)
 • District Magistrate Zuher bin Sagheer
Area
 • Total 3,493 km2 (1,349 sq mi)
Elevation 198 m (650 ft)
Population (2011)[2]
 • Total 889,810
 • Density 250/km2 (660/sq mi)
Demonym(s) Moradabadi
Languages
 • Official Hindi, Urdu
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 244001
Telephone code 0591
Vehicle registration UP-21
Website www.moradabad.nic.in

Moradabad ( pronunciation ) is a city, commissionary, and a municipal corporation in Moradabad district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It was established in 1625A.D. by Rustam Khan and is named after prince Murad Baksh, the son of the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan.

Moradabad is situated on the banks of the Ramganga river, at a distance of 167 km (104 mi) from the national capital, New Delhi and 344 km north-west of the state capital Lucknow. The city is known as Pital Nagri, ("Brass City") for its famous brass handicrafts industry.[3] It is also divisional headquarters of Northern Railway (NR).[4][5]

History

Moradabad was established as an office for the Chaupala pargana during emperor Akbar's regime. In AD 1624 it was captured by Rustam Khan, the then Governor of Sambhal who named it Rustam Nagar. Later, in AD 1625 its named was changed to Moradabad, after the name of prince Murad Baksh, the son of Mughal emperor Shah Jahan. A mosque named Jama Masjid was constructed in the city by Rustam Khan for the Mughal Emperor.

Founding

Moradabad was an important territory of the Panchala Kingdom, Nanda, Maurya, Gupta and Maukharis Empires.[6] When it was captured by Rustam Khan, the Governor of Sambhal, in 1624, it was called as Rustam Nagar. Moradabad became a province of Rohilkhand State in the early 1700s. Later it was named as Moradabad after Prince Morad Bux, the son of Mughal Emperor Shahjahan.

Moradabad was ruled by the Nawabs of Awadh during 1774 - 1800. When the State of Rohilkhand was annexed to the British Empire in 1801, it was divided in to Bareilly and Moradabad districts. The city also witnessed a great uprising during the First War of Indian Independence that took place in 1857.

The Afghan Muslims

Little is known about the Afghan Muslims of Guyana and Suriname, in fact, some maybe amazed to learn that Afghans made their way to Guyana and Suriname among the Indian Muslims from 1838- 1916. When Indian indentured labourers began arriving in Guyana and Suriname from 1838, India was already conquered and assimilated by Persians, Central Asian Turks, Arabs, Afghans, Greeks, Hazaris, Baluchis, among other Muslim clans who settled in India's large cities. The dominant minority, the Muslims settled in large cities such as Ahmadabad, Allahabad, Delhi, Karachi, Lahore, Bihar, Ghazipur, Lucknow, and Hyderabad. These exotic people found great economic opportunities in India and they were encouraged to migrate to the Metropolis by the Mughal Emperors. In India in 1857 many Afghan Pathans, rose up against the British and many were executed, jailed or sent overseas. Many of these "trouble makers" were sent to Guyana and Suriname.

There was always strong Afghan presence in Muradabad aka Moradabad,Bareilly, and Badayun. These districts had strong Afghan Townships where over 9,000 Afghans settled. It was with the immigration of Daud Khan, an Afghan slave (who originally hails from Roh in Afghanistan) in the region that the Afghan Rohillas had come into prominence. His adopted son Ali Muhammad Khan succeeded in carving out an estate for himself in the district with his headquarter at Aonla. He was ultimately made the lawful governor of Kateher by the Mughal emperor, and the region was henceforth called "the land of the Ruhelas." Eventually after the end of the Mughal Empire many Pathans migrated from Rohilkhand. Bareilly as a ruined city became crowded with unemployed, restless Rohilla Pathans. Many urban cities in Uttar Pradesh were experiencing economic stagnation and poverty. Naturally, this led to heavy migration overseas.

Immigration records indicate that the majority of Muslims who migrated to Guyana and Suriname came from the urban centres of Uttar Pradesh: Agra, Bahraich, Fyzabad, Gonda, Gorakhpur, Ghazipur, Mirzapur, Lucknow, Muradabad aka Moradabad, Bareilly, Rampur, and Sultanpur.[7]

Demographics

Religions in Moradabad[8]
Religion Percent
Hindus
  
 52.14%
Muslims
  
 47.12%
Christians
  
 0.28%
Jains
  
 0.05%
Others†
  
 0.19%
Distribution of religions
†Includes Sikhs (0.16%), Buddhists (<0.03%).

According to the 2011 census Moradabad district has a population of 887,871,[8] roughly equal to the nation of Singapore[9] or the US state of Alabama.[10] This gives it a ranking of 26th in India (out of a total of 640).[8] The district has a population density of 1,284 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,330/sq mi) .[8] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 25.25%.[8] In 2011 a new district named Sambhal district is formed with two sub districts of Moradabad district. The rest of Moradabad district have a population of 3126507.The Muslim population in rest of Moradabad district is 1588297. Moradabad has a sex ratio of 903 females for every 1000 males,[8] and a literacy rate of 58.67%.[11][12]

Education

Schools in Moradabad, whether using English or Hindi as a medium of instruction, are affiliated to either of the four bodies, Central Board of Secondary Education (C.B.S.E.), Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (C.I.S.C.E), University of Cambridge International Examinations and Uttar Pradesh Madhyamik Shiksha Parishad (U.P. Board).

Major Schools

International Schools

Higher Education institutions in Moradabad

Universities

Medical colleges

Engineering colleges

Other Degree colleges

Police Training Academy

Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar Police Academy, Uttar Pradesh is situated in the heart of Moradabad city. Indian Police Services Officer and State Police Service officer of UP cadre and Uttrakhand Cadre are trained here before appointment. The Police Training College was earlier Known as Police Training School (PTS), established in Allahabad in 1878 under an Assistant Superintendent of Police. It was shifted to Moradabad in 1901.The Police Academy is headed by the Director General of Police (Training) who sits in Moradabad. Now Shri Udayan Parmar IPS is Director of this Academy as of June 2010.[13] The Police Academy has two other Police colleges under its administration i.e. Police Training College and Police Training School former is used to train Police officer of the Rank of Inspector, Sub-Inspector and later is used to train head constables and Constable.

PAC

Beside above Inspector-General of Police, western zone, PAC also sits in Moradabad. Moradabad has Battalion headquarters of 9/23/24 Bn. of U.P. Provincial Armed Constabulary, also have their offices here. Moradabad is the largest Police establishment of U.P. Police after Lucknow.[14]

Economy

Aaftab- One of the Main Handicraft Item of Moradbad

Moradabad is a major industrial city and export hub. Its handicrafts industry accounts for more than 40% of total handicraft exports from India. In 2006-2007, Moradabad's export turnover was ₹32 billion ($530 millions).[15] In 2012-2013 it increased to ₹40 billion ($667 millions).

In October 2014, Livemint included Moradabad in its list of "25 Emerging Cities To Watch Out For In 2025".[16]

Smart City Mission

Moradabad is among 98 cities of India (13 cities of Uttar Pradesh) which have been selected for Smart City Mission by Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India.[17]

Special Economic Zone

Moradabad Special Economic Zone (SEZ) the only Uttar Pradesh Government Developed SEZ[18] in northern India, headed by the Development Commissioner, Noida SEZ and locally governed by the Asststant Development Commissioner, was set up in 2003 at Pakbara – Dingarpur Road in Moradabad on a 421.565 acre plot of land. Government of UP through UPSIDC Limited being developers to this SEZ project has so far invested a sum of Rs. 1100 million on its development. Moradabad SEZ provides excellent infrastructure, supportive services and sector specific facilities for the Handicraft Trade. Proximity to Delhi/ NCR and availability of skilled and dedicated manpower makes it ideal for setting up various industries in Handicrafts & its allied filed. Moradabad SEZ was operationalized since April, 2007 when it started with only one unit, however till today in spite of global slowdown in the handicraft trade for past four years; this zone has now 22 operational Units.[18] Moradabad SEZ has 465 developed plots of varying sizes. Future expansion of this has been strategically planned and soon it will be available for few more export sectors. Infrastructure, supportive services and trade related facilities have been substantially upgraded during the last few years. Moradabad SEZ offers access to global telecommunication network, uninterrupted power supply and efficient local transport system. An ultra modern RSU Telephone Exchange has been installed in the Zone, besides the availability of all the mobile frequencies in and around the zone through various mobile communication towers. An independent feeder line has since been provided for uninterrupted power supply, the reliability and quality of power supply has improved with the pre-commissioned 32 / 11 KVA / 5.0 MVA [18] Power Sub-station within Moradabad SEZ. Proximity to Delhi/ NCR provides easy access to financial and commercial infrastructure of the capital. Customs Wing ensures prompt and on the spot clearances of export/import consignments through web based system called "sezonline".[18]

Hospitals

Moradabad has many super specialty hospitals and Nursing homes, apart from these hospitals it hub of name sake doctors for various treatments.

Transportation

Road

Moradabad is well connected by roads with cities like Delhi, Lucknow, Agra, Aligarh, Ghaziabad, Noida, Haridwar and Dehradun etc.

Following National Highways and State Highways are Connected with Moradabad:

From Delhi via Ghaziabad and Moradabad to Rampur part of this highway is also a part of AH2 (Asian Highway) which connects Denpasar, Indonesia to Merak and Singapore to Khosravi, Iran.

Major Roads in the Town:

Newspapers

Newspapers published in Moradabad include Dainik Jagran,Amar Ujala, Hindustan and Dagi Kaun?. Aina-e-Alam, Jigar ki Awaz

Rail

Moradabad railway station is one of the Major Railway Stations of Indian Railways, it comes under top hundred railway stations of India. It lies on Lucknow-Moradabad line, Delhi-Moradabad line and Moradabad-Ambala line. More than 200 trains pass through and stop at Moradabad Railway Station. It is direct connected by trains with major cities like Delhi, Lucknow, Kanpur Agra, Aligarh, Ghaziabad, Jaipur, Jodhpur Haridwar, Dehradun, Amritsar, Ludhiana, Ambala, Guwahati, Dibrugarh, Kolkata, Jamshedpur, Varansi, Ahemedabad, Patna etc. Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express, Garib Rath Express and many Super fast, mail and passenger trains stop at Moradabad.[19] Moradabad is called inter-change station due to 5 line junction.[20]

Amenities Moradabad raailway station is categeory 'A' railway station.[20] It has a Tourist Information Centre, Post Office, telegrapgh office, General Railway Police Office, computerised reservation counters, retiring room, vegetarian and non vegetarian refreshment room, tea stall and book stall. It also has the Tatkal seat Booking counter.

Electrification Electrification[20] of the 636 km (395 mi) long Mughasarai-Moradabad line was completed in 2013.Many trains on Ambala and Lucknow line run with electric locomotives (including Freight trains) Electrification of Delhi-Moradabad line is under progress and expected to be completed by December 2015. Being one of important section of the Northern Railways, Indian railway has given this project a high priority.

Electrification of 135 km line between Ghaziabad - Moradabad is complete as of 31-03-2015. CRS's detailed inspection of GZB-MB section Electrification completed successfully on 19-01-2015.

Major Distances from Moradabad

Air

Moradabad Airport is in under construction, Nearest working domestic Airport is Pantnagar Airport which is 86 km[21] from Moradabad and Nearest International Airport is Indira Gandhi International Airport, New Delhi which is 178 km[22] from Moradabad.

Notable people

River

Ram-Ganga River is situated at the banks of Moradabad which originates from Doodhatoli ranges & is a part of Namik Glacier. The Ram-Ganga River flows to south west from Kumaun Himalaya. It is a tributary of the river Ganges, originates from the high altitude zone of 800m-900m. Ram-Ganga flows by the Corbett National Park near Ramnagar of Nainital district from where it descends upon the plains. The Ramganga Dam crosses the river at Kalagarh for irrigation and hydroelectric generation.

Moradabad has many times suffered from the floods[23] by this Ram-Ganga river.

Places to Visit

Moradabad is hub for business visitors and not a tourist destination. It is situated on the way from Delhi to major tourist destinations notably Jim Corbett National Park & Nainital.

Some popular places to visit in Mordadabad are:

Noise Levels

Following table[24] shows the noise levels(db) in Residential, Commercial, Industrial and Silent Zone of different parts in Moradabad.

Residential Zone Table 1: Noise Level (dB) in Residential Zone

S.No. Place Day Night Range
1. MDA 88.96 69.70 80.20-104.56
2. Milan Vihar 76.12 55.80 2.86-89.40
3. Prem Nagar 78.82 58.18 76.44-96.12
4. Budhi Vihar 102.89 88.78 80.56-109.70
CPCB New Delhi, Standard for noise 55 45

Commercial Zone Table 2: Noise Level (dB) in Commercial Zone

S.No. Place Day Night Range
1. Town Hall 96.87 76.80 82.16-107.64
2. Diwan Market 100.46 66.78 56.88-106.41
3. Chaddha Complex 104.47 60.50 67.69-108.13
4. Sai Complex 102.36 59.41 56.12-108.33
CPCB New Delhi, Standard for noise 65 55

Industrial Zone Table 2: Noise Level (dB) in Industrial Zone

S.No. Place Day Night Range
1. Peetal Nagari 98.58 90.44 88.56-109.16
2. Talwar Factory 113.78 100.56 89.56-120.00
CPCB New Delhi, Standard for noise 65 55

Silent Zone Table 2: Noise Level (dB) in Silent Zone

S.No. Place Day Night Range
1. T.M.University Moradabad 39.55 28.76 23.39-43.89
2. PMS School 46.78 33.39 33.89-49.81
3. District Hospital 83.78 66.44 47.76-99.91
4. Sai Hospital 65.70 59.76 50.12-79.78
CPCB New Delhi, Standard for noise 50 40

Ground Water

Ground Water depends upon the pH,T.D.S., Total Hardness, Turbidity, Alkalinity. Here are Moradabad's Groundwater ranges.[25]

pH pH value of ground water samples in the study area varied between 6.1 to 8.5. They were found to be well within the permissible limits of 6.5-8.5 as per the WHO standards. T.D.S. The total dissolved solids (TDS) values of sampling area varied from 920–1970 mg/L which are within the permissible limits of WHO (500–2000 mg/L). High levels of TDS are usually found to be unsatisfactory for bathing and washing.

Total Hardness The hardness of water is produced by the bicarbonates, sulphates and chlorides of the Ca2+ and Mg2+ salts. The recommended value of total hardness is 300–600 mg/L. The graphs showed that the range of TH was between 320 to 546 mg/L.

Turbidity The turbidity in the present area of study was found to be between 5-9 NTU. It was well within the prescribed standards of 5-10 NTU

Total Alkalinity Alkalinity value in water indicates the presence of natural salts in water. The alkalinity is mainly due to the bicarbonates. In the present study the alkalinity ranged from 210–600 mg/L. The alkalinity values are under the reasonable limit of 200 –600 mg/L as per WHO standards (1993).

Chlorides The range of Cl- concentration is 280 mg/L to 950 mg/L. The water samples have concentration of Cl- higher than 250 mg/L but it is not more than 1000 mg/L as per the standards.

See also

References

  1. ↑
  2. ↑ "Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011; Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 26 March 2012.
  3. ↑ Majid Husain. Understanding: Geographical: Map Entries: for Civil Services Examinations: Second Edition. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-07-070288-2. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
  4. ↑ "Northern Railway: Moradabad Division". Moradabadrail.in. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  5. ↑ "Moradabad(UP),India | Official Website". Moradabad.nic.in. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  6. ↑ http://www.brandbharat.com/english/up/districts/Moradabad/history_Moradabad.html
  7. ↑ http://www.guyana.org/features/afghanguyanese_muslim.html
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Moradabad Religion Census 2011". Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  9. ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 2011-10-01. Singapore 4,740,737 July 2011 est. line feed character in |quote= at position 10 (help)
  10. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Alabama 4,779,736 line feed character in |quote= at position 8 (help)
  11. ↑ census2011
  12. ↑ MINUTES OF THE 34th MEETING OF EMPOWERED COMMITTEE TO CONSIDER AND APPROVE REVISED PLAN FOR BALANCE FUND FOR THE DISTRICTS OF GHAZIABAD, BAREILLY, BARABANKI, SIDDHARTH NAGAR, SHAHJANPUR, MORADABAD, MUZAFFAR NAGAR, BAHRAICH AND LUCKNOW (UTTAR PRADESH) UNDER MULTI-SECTORAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME IN MINORITY CONCENTRATION DISTRICTS HELD ON 22nd JULY, 2010 AT 11.00 A.M. UNDER THE CHAIRMANSHIP OF SECRETARY, MINISTRY OF MINORITY AFFAIRS. F. No. 3/64/2010-PP-I, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, MINISTRY OF MINORITY AFFAIRS
  13. ↑ http://uppoliceacademy.up.nic.in/history.html
  14. ↑ http://uppoliceacademy.up.nic.in/geographical.html
  15. ↑ "Moradabad, India's Brass City Crying Help". Supportbiz.com. Retrieved 2014-12-21.
  16. ↑ "Indias growth engines and gateways". livemint.com. 2014-10-30. Retrieved 2015-01-09.
  17. ↑ http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Full-list-of-98-smart-cities/articleshow/48694723.cms
  18. 1 2 3 4 http://www.moradabadsez.gov.in/AboutUs.aspx
  19. ↑ "Moradabad railway info". indiarailinfo.com. Retrieved 2014-12-21.
  20. 1 2 3 http://www.zastory.com/wiki/Moradabad_railway_station
  21. ↑ "Distance Between Moradabad Pantnagar, Moradabad Pantnagar Distance,Moradabad Pantnagar Road Distance, Distance From Moradabad Pantnagar". Distancesbetween.com. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  22. ↑ "Distance Between Moradabad Delhi Airport, Moradabad Delhi Airport Distance,Moradabad Delhi Airport Road Distance, Distance From Moradabad Delhi Airport". Distancesbetween.com. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  23. ↑ http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/moradabad-people-suffer-due-to-flood/1/113518.html
  24. ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228486925_Assessment_of_Noise_Level_Status_in_Different_Areas_of_Moradabad_City
  25. ↑ http://www.cibtech.org/J-LIFE-SCIENCES/PUBLICATIONS/2014/Vol-4-No-3/JLS-027-033-AHMAD-QUALITY-DISTRICT.pdf
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