Movement disorder

For the journal, see Movement Disorders (journal).

Movement disorder
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	F44.4, F98.4, G25.8-G25.9, R25
ICD-9-CM	333.9, 781.0
MeSH	D009069

Movement disorders include: (There are 25 disorders and 18 sub-disorders in this page.)

Akathisia (inability to sit still)
Akinesia (lack of movement)
Associated Movements (Mirror Movements or Homolateral Synkinesis)
Athetosis (contorted torsion or twisting)
Ataxia (gross lack of coordination of muscle movements)
Ballismus (violent involuntary rapid and irregular movements)
- Hemiballismus (affecting only one side of the body)
Bradykinesia (slow movement)
Cerebral palsy
Chorea (rapid, involuntary movement)
- Sydenham's chorea
- Rheumatic chorea
- Huntington's disease
Dyskinesia (abnormal, involuntary movement)
- Tardive dyskinesia
Dystonia (sustained torsion)
- Dystonia muscularum
- Blepharospasm
- Writer's cramp
- Spasmodic torticollis (twisting of head and neck)
- Dopamine-responsive dystonia (hereditary progressive dystonia with diurnal fluctuation or Segawa's disease)
Essential tremor
Geniospasm (episodic involuntary up and down movements of the chin and lower lip)
Myoclonus (brief, involuntary twitching of a muscle or a group of muscles)
Metabolic General Unwellness Movement Syndrome (MGUMS)
Mirror movement disorder (involuntary movements on one side of the body mirroring voluntary movements of the other side)
Palatal Myoclonus
Parkinson's disease
Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia
Restless Legs Syndrome RLS (WittMaack-Ekboms disease)
Spasms (contractions)
Stereotypic movement disorder
Stereotypy (repetition)
Tic disorders (involuntary, compulsive, repetitive, stereotyped)
- Tourette's syndrome
Tremor (oscillations)
- Rest tremor (4-8 Hz)
- Postural tremor
- Kinetic tremor
- Essential tremor (6-8 Hz variable amplitude)
- Cerebellar tremor (6-8 Hz variable amplitude)
- Parkinsonian tremors (4-8 Hz variable amplitude)
- Physiological tremor (10-12 Hz low amplitude)
Wilson's disease

Treatment

Treatment depends upon the underlying disorder.^[1] Movement disorders have been known to be associated with a variety of autoimmune diseases.^[2]

References

↑ "MedlinePlus: Movement Disorders".
↑ Baizabal-Carvallo, JF; Jankovic J. (2012-07-18). "Movement disorders in autoimmune diseases.". Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society Jul (8): 935–46. doi:10.1002/mds.25011. PMID 22555904. Retrieved 11 October 2013.

Emotional and behavioral disorders (F90–F98, 312–314)

Emotional/behavioral

ADHD
Conduct disorder
Oppositional defiant disorder
Emotional/behavioral disorder (EBD)
Separation anxiety
Social functioning
- Selective mutism
- RAD
- DAD
Tic disorders
- Tourette syndrome
Speech disorders
- Stuttering
- Cluttering
Stereotypic movement disorder
Body-focused repetitive behavior
Elimination disorders
- Enuresis
- Encopresis

Pathology of the nervous system, primarily CNS (G04–G47, 323–349)

Inflammation

Brain	Encephalitis Viral encephalitis Herpesviral encephalitis Limbic encephalitis Encephalitis lethargica Cavernous sinus thrombosis Brain abscess Amoebic

Spinal cord	Myelitis: Poliomyelitis Demyelinating disease Transverse myelitis Tropical spastic paraparesis Epidural abscess

Both/either	Encephalomyelitis Acute disseminated Myalgic Meningoencephalitis

Brain/
encephalopathy

Degenerative

Extrapyramidal and movement disorders	Basal ganglia disease Parkinsonism PD Postencephalitic NMS PKAN Tauopathy PSP Striatonigral degeneration Hemiballismus HD OA Dyskinesia Dystonia Status dystonicus Spasmodic torticollis Meige's Blepharospasm Athetosis Chorea Choreoathetosis Myoclonus Myoclonic epilepsy Akathisia Tremor Essential tremor Intention tremor Restless legs Stiff person

Dementia	Tauopathy Alzheimer's Early-onset Primary progressive aphasia Frontotemporal dementia/Frontotemporal lobar degeneration Pick's Dementia with Lewy bodies Posterior cortical atrophy Vascular dementia

Mitochondrial disease	Leigh disease

Demyelinating

Episodic/
paroxysmal

Seizure/epilepsy	Focal Generalised Status epilepticus Myoclonic epilepsy

Headache	Migraine Familial hemiplegic Cluster Tension

Cerebrovascular	TIA Amaurosis fugax Transient global amnesia Acute aphasia Stroke MCA ACA PCA Foville's Millard–Gubler Lateral medullary Weber's Lacunar stroke

Sleep disorders	Insomnia Hypersomnia Sleep apnea Obstructive Ondine's curse Narcolepsy Cataplexy Kleine–Levin Circadian rhythm sleep disorder Advanced sleep phase disorder Delayed sleep phase disorder Non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder Jet lag

CSF

Other

Spinal cord/
myelopathy

Both/either

Degenerative

SA	Friedreich's ataxia Ataxia telangiectasia

MND	UMN only: Primary lateral sclerosis Pseudobulbar palsy Hereditary spastic paraplegia LMN only: Distal hereditary motor neuronopathies Spinal muscular atrophies SMA SMAX1 SMAX2 DSMA1 Congenital DSMA SMA-PCH SMA-LED SMA-PME Progressive muscular atrophy Progressive bulbar palsy Fazio–Londe Infantile progressive bulbar palsy both: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Symptoms and signs: nervous and musculoskeletal systems (R25–R29, 781.0, 781.2–9)

Primarily nervous system

Primarily CNS

Movement disorders	Dyskinesia: Athetosis Tremor Dyskinesia

Gait abnormality	Scissor gait Cerebellar ataxia Festinating gait Marche a petit pas Propulsive gait Stomping gait Spastic gait Magnetic gait

Lack of coordination	Dyskinesia: Ataxia Cerebellar ataxia/Dysmetria Sensory ataxia Dyssynergia Dysdiadochokinesia Asterixis

Other	Abnormal posturing: Opisthotonus Sensory processing disorder: Hemispatial neglect Facial weakness Hyperreflexia Pronator drift

Primarily PNS

Gait abnormality	Steppage gait Antalgic gait

Primarily muscular

Movement disorders	Spasm Trismus Fasciculation Fibrillation Myokymia Cramp

Gait abnormality	Myopathic gait Trendelenburg gait Pigeon gait

Other	Tetany Meningism

Primarily skeletal

Primarily joint

Joint locking

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