Manu Dibango

Manu Dibango

Manu Dibango in London, 2007
Background information
Birth name Emmanuel N'Djoké Dibango
Born (1933-12-12) 12 December 1933
Douala, French Cameroon
Genres African Rumba, afrofunk, afrobeat, jazz, makossa,[1] traditional
Occupation(s) Saxophonist and vibraphone player
Years active 1968–present
Website www.manudibango.net

Emmanuel "Manu" N'Djoké Dibango (born 12 December 1933) is a Cameroonian saxophonist and vibraphone player. He developed a musical style fusing jazz, funk and traditional Cameroonian music. His father was a member of the Yabassi ethnic group, though his mother was a Duala. He is best known for his 1972 single "Soul Makossa".

Biography

Early life

Dibango was born in Douala, Cameroon. His father, Michel Manfred N'Djoké Dibango[2] was a civil servant. The son of a farmer, he met his wife travelling by pirogue to her residence, Douala.[3] A literate woman, she was a fashion designer, running her own small business.[4] Both her ethnicity, the Duala, and his, the Yabassi, viewed this union of different ethnic groups with some disdain.[3] Emmanuel had no siblings, although he had a stepbrother from his father's previous marriage[5] who was four years older than he was.[6] In Cameroon, one's ethnicity is dictated by their fathers, though he wrote in his autobiography, Three Kilos of Coffee, that he has "never been able to identify completely with either of [his] parents."[5]

Dibango's uncle was the leader of his extended family. Upon his death, Dibango's father refused to take over, as he never fully initiated his son into the Yabassi's customs. Throughout his childhood, Dibango slowly forgot the Yabassi language in favour of the Duala. However, his family did live in the Yabassi encampment on the Yabassi plateau, close to the Wouri River in central Douala.[5] While a child, Dibango attended Protestant church every night for religious education, or nkouaida. He enjoyed studying music there, and reportedly was a fast learner.[4]

In 1941, after being educated at his village school,[7] Dibango was accepted into a colonial school, near his home, where he learned French. He admired the teacher, whom he described as "an extraordinary draftsman and painter."[8] In 1944, French president Charles de Gaulle chose this school to perform the welcoming ceremonies upon his arrival in Cameroon.[9]

Career

He was a member of the seminal Congolese rumba group African Jazz, and has collaborated with many other musicians, including Fania All Stars, Fela Kuti, Herbie Hancock, Bill Laswell, Bernie Worrell, Ladysmith Black Mambazo, King Sunny Adé, Don Cherry, and Sly and Robbie. In 1998 he recorded the album CubAfrica with Cuban artist Eliades Ochoa.


The song "Soul Makossa" on the record of the same name contains the lyrics "makossa", which means "(I) dance" in his native tongue, the Cameroonian language, Duala). It has influenced several popular music hits, including Michael Jackson's "Wanna Be Startin' Somethin'", as well as his re-recording of that song with Akon, the Fugees' "Cowboys", and Rihanna's "Don't Stop the Music". The 1982 parody song "Boogie in your butt" by comedian Eddie Murphy interpolates Soul Makossa's bassline and horn charts while "Butt Naked Booty Bless" by 1990s hip-hop group Poor Righteous Teachers heavily samples its musical bridge and drum patterns.

He served as the first chairman of the Cameroon Music Corporation, with a high profile in disputes about artists' royalties. Dibango was appointed a UNESCO Artist for Peace in 2004.[10][11]

His song "Reggae Makossa" is featured on the soundtrack to the 2006 video game Scarface: The World Is Yours. In August 2009 he played the closing concert at the revived Brecon Jazz Festival. In July 2014 he made an 80th anniversary concert at Olympia, France which was broadcast by TV5Monde.

On the 8 Septembre 2015, Michaëlle Jean, Secretary General of the Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie, honours Manu Dibango with the title of Grand Témoin de la Francophonie aux Jeux Olympiques et Paralympiques de Rio 2016[12] (Special Representative of Francophonia to the Rio 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games).

Discography

Albums
Contributing artist

References

  1. ↑ NYAMNJOH, FRANCIS B.; FOKWANG, JUDE (2005), "ENTERTAINING REPRESSION:MUSIC AND POLITICS IN POSTCOLONIAL CAMEROON", African Affairs (Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal African Society) 104 (415): 251–274, doi:10.1093/afraf/adi007.
  2. ↑ Dibango, Rouard & Raps 1994, p. xii
  3. 1 2 Dibango, Rouard & Raps 1994, p. 1
  4. 1 2 Dibango, Rouard & Raps 1994, p. 4
  5. 1 2 3 Dibango, Rouard & Raps 1994, p. 2
  6. ↑ Dibango, Rouard & Raps 1994, p. 8
  7. ↑ "Biography – Manu Dibango", Radio France Internationale, 2007, retrieved 9 September 2008
  8. ↑ Dibango, Rouard & Raps 1994, p. 5
  9. ↑ Dibango, Rouard & Raps 1994, p. 6
  10. ↑ Ernest Kanjo, "Cameroonian musicians seem to have lost their creative acumen in their endless battles over money", Post newsmagazine, Sept 2006 accessed at 5 April 2007
  11. ↑ Manu Dibango designated UNESCO Artist for Peace
  12. ↑ Francophonie.org.

Sources

External links

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