Flavius Manlius Theodorus

Flavius Mallius Theodorus (floruit c. 376-409) was consul of the Roman Empire in 399, and author of an extant treatise on metres, De metris, one of the best of its kind (H. Keil, Grammatici Latini, vi.). He also studied philosophy, astronomy and geometry, and wrote works on those subjects, which, together with his consulship, formed the subject of a panegyric by Claudian.^[1]

Biography

Theodorus' life is known in detail thanks to Claudian's panegyric.

He came from a family of humble origin, which, nonetheless, allowed him to start the administrative career. Claudian says that Theodorus was member of the court of a Praetorian prefect, as lawyer;^[2] historians think this was probably the Praetorian prefect of Italy, and that this office should be dated to 376.^[3] He was then governor of an African province,^[4] probably around 377,^[3] the consularis of Macedonia^[5] (c. 378).^[3]

Next Theodorus entered in the imperial court administration,^[6] with an office that historians identify as magister memoriae and date to 379,^[3] followed in 380 by the rank of comes sacrarum largitionum^[7] or, more probably, of comes rerum privatarum;^[3] in this office he received a law still preserved in the Codex Theodosianus.^[8] He then become Praetorian prefect of Gaul,^[9] an office held in c. 382,^[3] then took a break for some years.

He allied to Stilicho^[10] and from 397 to 399 held the post of Praetorian prefect of Illyricum, Italy and Africa (several law conserved in the Codex Theodosianus were addressed to him in this period).^[3] In 399 he also held the consulate, together with Eutropius,^[11] a powerful and hated high officer of the Eastern court, who was killed during that same year.

In 408 he held the Praetorian prefecture of Italy for the second time, but in that same year Stilicho fell in disgrace and was killed, and Theodorus' destiny becomes obscure.

Augustine and Theodorus

Augustine of Hippo knew Theodorus. When he converted to Christianity, Augustine wrote a book, On blessed life, which he dedicated to Theodorus. Theodorus, who at the time had retired from the court, was one of the Christian platonic intellectuals that Augustine met in Milan.

When, in 397, he wrote the Confessions, Augustine had changed his mind on Theodorus, who now was Praetorian prefect of Italy: Augustine described Theodorus as "a man inflated with monstrous pride" and despised his own admiration of him years before.^[12]

Notes

References

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Theodorus, Flavius Mallius". Encyclopædia Britannica 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 
• Arnold Hugh Martin Jones, John Robert Martindale, J. Morris, "Flavius Mallius Theodorus 27", The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire: A.D. 260-395, Cambridge University Press, 1971, ISBN 0-521-07233-6, pp. 900–2.