Malibu Creek

Malibu Creek
Malaga Creek
Maliba Sequit Creek
Malibo Creek
Topanga Malibu Sequit Creek
stream
Malibu Creek, dry river bed,
with the Goat Buttes in the background
Country United States
State California
Region Los Angeles County
Tributaries
 - left Medea Creek,
Las Virgenes Creek,
Cold Creek
Source
 - location 4 mi (6 km)
 - coordinates 34°07′22″N 118°47′38″W / 34.12278°N 118.79389°W / 34.12278; -118.79389 [1]
Source confluence Triunfo Creek and Lobo Canyon Creek
 - elevation 760 ft (232 m)
Mouth Malibu Lagoon then Santa Monica Bay,
Pacific Ocean
 - location Malibu, California
 - elevation 3 ft (1 m) [1]
 - coordinates 34°01′54″N 118°40′47″W / 34.03167°N 118.67972°W / 34.03167; -118.67972Coordinates: 34°01′54″N 118°40′47″W / 34.03167°N 118.67972°W / 34.03167; -118.67972 [1]

Malibu Creek is a year-round stream in western Los Angeles County, California. It drains the southern Conejo Valley and Simi Hills, flowing south through the Santa Monica Mountains, and enters Santa Monica Bay in Malibu, California. The Malibu Creek watershed drains 109 mi (175 km) and its tributary creeks reach as high as 3,000 ft (910 m) into Ventura County, California.[2] The creek's mainstem begins south of Westlake Village at the confluence of Triunfo Creek and Lobo Canyon Creek, and flows 13.4 mi (21.6 km)[3] to Malibu Lagoon.

Malibu Canyon

Malibu Canyon is a chief pass though the mountains, and Malibu Canyon Road is a major north/south route connecting the coast to the inland valley. Malibu Creek starts at Malibou Lake, which is held back by the Malibu Lake Dam. Further downstream, the creek waterfalls 100 ft (30 m)over the Rindge Dam, then carves its final path into Malibu Lagoon.

History

The area around Malibu Creek was for centuries a major area of Native American life, and the boundary between the Chumash tribes, who lived to the northwest, and the Gabrieliño, to the south and east, was there.

The origin of the creek's name likely derives from the Chumash term U-mali-wu, which means "it makes a loud noise there". The Spanish recorded this as 'Malibu', and this spelling appears in the Topanga Malibu Sequit land grant on July 12, 1805.[4]

Sections of the creek were dammed in 1903, 1922, and 1924.

Ecology

It is estimated that steelhead (Oncorhyncus mykiss) populations within the Southern California Coast Steelhead Distinct population segment (DPS) have declined dramatically from annual runs totaling 32,000-46,000 adults to less than 500 returning adult fish.[5] This estimate is based largely on the four major steelhead-bearing watersheds, Santa Ynez River, Ventura River, Santa Clara River, and Malibu Creek. Genetic analysis of the steelhead in all four of these watersheds has shown them to be of native and not hatchery stocks.[6] A sand berm across the mouth of the Malibu Creek Lagoon blocks the stream to ocean-based steelhead except during the rainy winter season when high flows breach the berm and opens access to the estuary. The fish quickly reach an impassable barrier presented by the 30 m (98 ft) high Rindge Dam, restricting them to the lowest 3.2 km (2.0 mi) of more than 112 km (70 mi) of historic steelhead habitat.[7] The dam, originally built for water storage and flood control in 1926, no longer functions as the reservoir is completely filled with sediment. Over the past decade several government agencies and non-profit organizations have been trying to remove the dam to restore access to upstream spawning habitat. In 1997, the southern Evolutionarily Significant Unit (ESU) of steelhead trout was added to the federal list of endangered species, with Malibu Creek as the southernmost boundary. Since 1997, the protected range of this ESU has been extended to the U.S./Mexican border. The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) estimates that only 500 anadromous adults remain within this ESU (NMFS 2007). In summer, 2006, there was a massive die off of native and exotic fish and invertebrates in Malibu Creek, thought to be due to a combination of pollution, high temperatures and low oxygen. The steelhead trout population fell to zero by November, 2006. Fortunately, surveys in summer 2008 documented five returning adult steelhead over 50 cm (20 in), and over 2,200 smolts under 10 cm (3.9 in) were also recorded.[7]

The rare plant Malibu baccharis (Baccharis malibuensis) is endemic to the Malibu Creek drainage.[8] Introduced crayfish are a problem as they devour the native fish, aquatic insects, and newts along with eggs and tadpoles of frogs and toads.[9]

Malibu Creek Watershed

Malibu Creek has several tributaries draining the Santa Monica Mountains. These include streams draining to Lake Sherwood, and thence via Potrero Valley Creek to Westlake Lake, then down Triunfo Creek to its confluence with Lobo Canyon Creek which is the origin of Malibu Creek. Amongst many other tributaries are Medea Creek, Las Virgenes Creek and Cold Creek. Medea Creek and Malibu Creek join to form Malibu Lake. Further downstream Las Virgenes Creek joins Malibu Creek at Malibu Creek State Park. In this park, the Rindge Dam becomes a 100-foot (30 m) waterfall, emptying into a perennial deep pool. Eventually the creek empties into the 13-acre (53,000 m2) Malibu Lagoon.

Las Virgenes Municipal Water District discharges water into the creek when the flow falls below 2.5 feet per second (0.76 m/s) to maintain the aquatic habitat for steelhead trout and other threatened and endangered species. The National Marine Fisheries Service requires the discharge into the creek by the district to comply with environmental mandates. The district has also supplied water for the large lake within the master-planned community of Westlake Village when the supplies from their wells are insufficient. Even during the dry summer months, water from the lake must be released into the creek in compliance with an agreement between the California State Water Resources Control Board and the Westlake Lake Management Association. The association is a private entity that oversees the operation of the lake that is surrounded by homes and businesses within the watershed of Malibu Creek.[10]

Parks

Virtually all of the Malibu Creek watershed falls within the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area; all of Malibu Creek became Malibu Creek State Park in 1976. The section near Century Lake is especially popular with swimmers, climbers, and photographers.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Malibu Creek
  2. ↑ "Malibu Creek Watershed". Malibu Creek Watershed Council. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
  3. ↑ U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map, accessed March 16, 2011
  4. ↑ Erwin Gustav Gudde (1974). California Place Names. University of California Press. p. C-190. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
  5. ↑ 2007 Federal Recovery Outline for the Distinct Population Segment of Southern California Coast Steelhead (PDF) (Report). The National Marine Fisheries Service. Sep 2007. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
  6. ↑ Anthony J. Clemento, Eric C. Anderson, David Boughton, Derek Girman, John Carlos Garza (2009). "Population genetic structure and ancestry of Oncorhynchus mykiss populations above and below dams in south-central California" (PDF). Conservation Genetics 10: 1321–1336. doi:10.1007/s10592-008-9712-0. Retrieved 2011-06-11.
  7. 1 2 Rosi Dagit, Stevie Adams, Sabrina Drill (April 2009). "Die off and current status of southern steelhead trout in Malibu Creek, Los Angeles County, USA". Bulletin Southern California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved June 12, 2010.
  8. ↑ Flora of North America: B. malibuensis
  9. ↑ Sahagun, Louis (April 4, 2015). "Volunteers remove invasive crayfish from Malibu Creek watershed". Los Angeles Times.
  10. ↑ McGrath, Rachel (August 29, 2014) "Drought taking toll on Westlake Lake" Ventura County Star

External links

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