Mali (GPU)

The Mali series of graphics processing units (GPUs) are semiconductor intellectual property cores produced by ARM Holdings for licensing in various ASIC designs by ARM partners.

Technical details

Like other embedded IP cores for 3D support, the Mali GPU does not feature display controllers driving monitors (such as the combination often found in common video cards).

Instead the Mali ARM core is a pure 3D engine that renders graphics into memory and hands the rendered image over to another core that handles the display.

ARM supplies tools to help in authoring OpenGL ES shaders named Mali GPU Shader Development Studio and Mali GPU User Interface Engine.

Display controllers such as the ARM HDLCD display controller are available separately.[1]

Variants

The Mali core grew out of the cores previously produced by Falanx and currently constitute:

Model Micro-
architecture		 Launch date Shader core count Fab (nm) Die size (mm2) Core clock rate (MHz) Max L2 cache size Fillrate Bus width (bits) GFLOPS
(per core)		 API conformance Fused multiply–add Usage in SoCs HSA/Zero-copy Usage
M△/s (GP/s) OpenGL OpenGL ES OpenVG OpenCL DirectX
Mali-55 ? ? 1 ? ? ? N/A ? ? ? ? N/A 1.1 1.0 N/A N/A No ? ? Graphics
Mali-200 Utgard[2] 2007[3] 1 ? ? ? N/A ? ? ? ? 2.0 1.1
Mali-300 ? 1 40
28		 ? 500 8 KiB 55 0.5 ? 5
Mali-400 MP ? 1-4 40
28		 ? 500 256 KiB 55 0.5 ? 5
Mali-450 MP ? 1-8 40
28		 ? 650 512 KiB 142 0.65 ? 14.6
Mali-T604 [4] Midgard
(1st-gen)		 ? 1-4 32
28		 ? 533 32–256 KiB 90 0.533 ? 17 3.1 + AEP[5] Full Profile 1.1 DirectX 11,
feature level 9_3		 Yes Graphics
& Compute
Mali-T658[4] ? 1-8 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Mali-T622 Midgard
(2nd-gen)		 ? 1-2 32
28		 ? 533 ? ? ? 8.5
Mali-T624 Aug 2012 1-4 32
28		 ? 533 ? ? ? 17@533 MHz
Mali-T628 Aug 2012 1-8 32
28		 ? 533 / 695 ? ? ? 17 / 23.7
Mali-T678 [6] Aug 2012 1-8 28 ? ? ? ? ? ?
Mali-T720 Midgard
(3rd-gen)		 Oct 2013 1-8 28 ? 450/ 600 32–256 KiB[7] 650 5.2 ? 7.65/ 10.2 Exynos 7580, MT6735, MT6753
Mali-T760 Oct 2013 1-16 28 / 14 1.75 mm 2 per shader core at 14 nm[8] 600-700 256–2048 KiB[9] 1300 10.4 ? 326 (20.375@600 MHz

23.8@700 MHz)

 Full Profile 1.2 Direct3D 11.1,
feature level 11_1[10]		 Exynos 7420, Exynos 5433, MT6752, MT6732
Mali-T820 Midgard
(4th-gen)		 Q4 2015 1-4 28 ? 600 32–256 KiB[9] 400 2.6 ? 10.2@600 MHz Direct3D 11.1,
feature level 9_3		 ?
Mali-T830 28 ? 650 32–256 KiB[9] 400 2.6 ? 11.05
Mali-T860 1-16 28 ? 700 256–2048 KiB[9] 1300 10.4 ? 23.8@700 MHz Direct3D 11.2,
feature level 11_1		 Helio P10 (MT6755)
Mali-T880 Q2 2016 1-16 16 ? 700 / 850 / 900 256–2048 KiB[9] 1700 13.6 ? 23.8 / 28.9 / 30.6 Direct3D 11.2,
feature level 11_1		 Exynos 8890, Helio X20 (MT6797), Kirin 950

Some Malis support cache coherency for the L2 cache with the CPU.[11][12]

Adaptive Scalable Texture Compression (ATSC) supported by Mali™-T620, Mali-T720, Mali-T760, Mali-T820/T830 and Mali-T860/T880.[13]

Implementations

The Mali GPU variants can be found in the following systems on chips (SoCs):

Vendor SoC name Mali version
Allwinner Allwinner A1X (A10, A10s, A13), A20, A23 and A53 Mali-400 MP/MP2[14][15][16][17]
Amlogic 8726-M series (8726-M1, 8726-M3, 8726-M6, 8726-MX) Mali-400 MP/MP2[18]
Amlogic 8726-M8 series (M801, M802, S801, S802) Mali-450 MP6[18]
Amlogic 8726-M8B series (M805, S805) Mali-450 MP2[18]
CSR Quatro 5300 Series Mali-400 MP
InfoTM iMAP×15 Mali-400
InfoTM iMAP×912 Mali-400 MP
InfoTM iMAP×820 Mali-400 MP2
HiSilicon Kirin 620 Mali-450 MP4
HiSilicon Kirin 910 Mali-450 MP4
HiSilicon Kirin 920/920T Mali-T624 MP4
HiSilicon Kirin 930/935 Mali-T628 MP4
HiSilicon Kirin 950 Mali-T880 MP4
Leadcore LC1810, LC1811, LC1813, LC1913 Mali-400[19][20][21][22]
MediaTek MTK6592 Octa Mali-450 MP4 @ 700 MHz
MediaTek MT6572 Mali-400 MP @ 500 MHz
MediaTek MT6752 Mali-T760 MP2[23]
MediaTek MT6753 Mali-T720 MP4 @ 600 (Boost) MHz[24]
MediaTek MT6732 Mali-T760
MediaTek MT6582 Mali-400 MP2 @ 500 MHz
MediaTek MT6582M Mali-400 MP2 @ 416 MHz
MediaTek MT8127 Mali-450 MP4[25]
NetLogic Au1380, Au1350 Mali-200[26][27]
Nufront NuSmart 2816 Mali-400 MP
Nufront NuSmart 2816M Mali-400 MP
Nufront NuSmart 115 Mali-400 MP
Rockchip RK2926 Mali-400 MP[28]
Rockchip RK3066 Mali-400 MP4[29]
Rockchip RK3188 Mali-400 MP4[30]
Rockchip RK3288 Mali-T764
Samsung Exynos 3 Quad (3470), Exynos 4 Dual, Quad (4210, 4212 and 4412) Mali-400 MP4[31]
Samsung Exynos 5 Dual (5250) Mali-T604 MP4[32]
Samsung Exynos 5 Hexa (5260) Mali-T624 MP3
Samsung Exynos 5 Octa (5420, 5422, 5430 and 5800) Mali-T628 MP6
Samsung Exynos 7 Octa (5433/7410) Mali-T760 MP6
Samsung Exynos 7 Octa (7420) Mali-T760 MP8
Samsung Exynos 8 Octa (8890) Mali-T880 MP12
Samsung S5P6450 Vega Mali-400 MP[33]
Socle-Tech Leopard-6 Mali-200[34]
Spreadtrum SC6815 - SC8835S Mali-400[35]
ST-Ericsson NovaThor U9500, U8500, U5500 Mali-400 MP[36]
STMicroelectronics SPEAr1340 Mali-200[37]
STMicroelectronics STi7108, STiH416 Mali-400 MP[38][39]
Telechips TCC8803, TCC8902, TCC8900, TCC9201 Mali-200[18][40]
WonderMedia WM8850, WM8950 Mali-400 MP[41]
WonderMedia WM8880, WM8980 Mali-400 MP2
WonderMedia WM8860 Mali-450

The Lima FOSS driver

On January 21, 2012, Phoronix reported that Luc Verhaegen is driving a reverse-engineering attempt aimed at the Mali series of GPUs, specifically the Mali 200 and Mali 400 versions. The project will be known as Lima and support OpenGL ES 2.0.[42] The reverse-engineering project was presented at FOSDEM, February 4, 2012,[43][44] followed by the opening of a website demonstrating some renders. On February 2, 2013, Verhaegen demonstrated Quake III Arena in timedemo mode, running on top of the Lima driver.[45]

See also

References

  1. ↑ https://lwn.net/Articles/667575/
  2. ↑ Mali Graphics Webpage; Arm Holdings.
  3. ↑ http://www.anandtech.com/show/8234/arms-mali-midgard-architecture-explored/2
  4. 1 2 http://www.khronos.org/assets/uploads/developers/library/2012-pan-pacific-road-show/OpenGL-and-OpenGL-ES-Taiwan_Feb-2012.pdf Khronos Group OpenGL and OpenGL ES Taiwan Feb 2012
  5. ↑ Android Extension Pack depends on implementation of GL_ANDROID_extension_pack_es31a in the driver
  6. ↑ AnandTech | ARM Announces 8-core 2nd Gen Mali-T600 GPUs
  7. ↑ depending on number of GPU shader core groups
  8. ↑ "The Samsung Exynos 7420 Deep Dive - Inside A Modern 14nm SoC". AnandTech. Retrieved 2015-06-15.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 depending on number of shader core groups
  10. ↑ "ARM's Mali Midgard Architecture Explored". AnandTech. Retrieved 2014-07-07.
  11. ↑ http://www.heterogeneouscompute.org/hipeac2011Presentations/OpenCL-Midgard.pdf Midgard OpenCL Cache coherency
  12. ↑ http://www.chipdesignmag.com/pallab/2011/06/30/arm-mali-gpu-unifying-graphics-across-platforms/ Heterogeneous Computing
  13. ↑ "Adaptive Scalable Texture Compression (ASTC) technology developed by ARM® and AMD".
  14. ↑ "A10". Allwinner Technology. Retrieved 2012-12-13.
  15. ↑ "A10s". Allwinner Technology. Retrieved 2012-12-13.
  16. ↑ "A13". Allwinner Technology. Retrieved 2012-12-13.
  17. ↑ "AllWinner Publishes A31 and A20 Processors Details". CNXSoft. December 9, 2012. Retrieved 2012-12-09.
  18. 1 2 3 4 Limadriver.org: Hardware
  19. ↑ "LC1810". Leadcore. Retrieved 2014-08-16.
  20. ↑ "LC1811". Leadcore. Retrieved 2014-08-16.
  21. ↑ "LC1813". Leadcore. Retrieved 2014-08-16.
  22. ↑ "LC1913". Leadcore. Retrieved 2014-08-16.
  23. ↑ http://www.notebookcheck.net/ARM-Mali-T760-MP2.146753.0.html
  24. ↑ http://www.notebookcheck.net/ARM-Mali-T720-MP4.150999.0.html
  25. ↑ Mediatek MT8127
  26. ↑ NetLogic Au1300
  27. ↑ RMI Au1300 Press release
  28. ↑ Filla Sapphire 7 Product Specification
  29. ↑ Rockchip Licenses a Wide Range of ARM IP for Turnkey Solution Targeting Mass Market, Cost-Effective Android Tablets
  30. ↑ http://sg.finance.yahoo.com/news/28nm-quad-core-era-rk3188-144500035.html
  31. ↑ (English) ARM Powered Smartphone Sets New Graphics Benchmark on ARM blog
  32. ↑ Samsung Confirms Mali is in the Exynos 5250 Processor - ARM Community
  33. ↑ Hardkernel ODROID-E7 development board
  34. ↑ Socle Leopard-6 SoC
  35. ↑ Spreadtrum SC8819
  36. ↑ ST-Ericsson NovaThor product page
  37. ↑ STMicro SPEAr1340
  38. ↑ STMicro STi7108 Press release
  39. ↑ STMicro STiH416 Press release
  40. ↑ 2010, ARM Limited: TCC8900 development board
  41. ↑ WonderMedia Prizm WM8950 Press release
  42. ↑ Phoronix, Jan 27 2012: Announcing The Lima Open-Source GPU Driver
  43. ↑ Phoronix, Jan 21 2012: An Open-Source, Reverse-Engineered Mali GPU Driver
  44. ↑ FOSDEM schedule, Jan 21 2012: Liberating ARM's Mali GPU
  45. ↑ Quake 3 Arena timedemo on top of the lima driver!

External links

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