Maykop
| Maykop (English) Майкоп (Russian) Мыекъуапэ (Adyghe) Гъакъыва (Ubykh) | |
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 Maykop Railway Station | |
  Maykop | |
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| City Day | First Saturday of June |
| Administrative status (as of December 2010) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Republic of Adygea[1] |
| Administratively subordinated to | Maykop Republican Urban Okrug[1] |
| Capital of | Republic of Adygea |
| Administrative center of | Maykop Republican Urban Okrug[1] |
| Municipal status (as of December 2010) | |
| Urban okrug | Maykop Urban Okrug[2] |
| Administrative center of | Maykop Urban Okrug[2] |
| Head | Nikolay Pivovarov |
| Representative body | Council of People's Deputies |
| Statistics | |
| Area | 58.62 km2 (22.63 sq mi)[3] |
| Population (2010 Census) | 144,249 inhabitants[4] |
| - Rank in 2010 | 120th |
| Density | 2,461/km2 (6,370/sq mi)[5] |
| Time zone | MSK (UTC+03:00)[6] |
| Founded | May 1857 |
| City status since | 1870 |
| Postal code(s)[7] | 385000 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 8772 |
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| Maykop on Wikimedia Commons | |
Maykop (Russian: Майкоп; IPA: [mɐjˈkop]; Adyghe: Мыекъуапэ [məjaqʷaːpa], Məyeqwape, literally The valley of apple trees[8]) is the capital city of the Republic of Adygea, Russia, located on the right bank of the Belaya River (a tributary of the Kuban). It borders Maykopsky District, from which it is administratively and municipally separate, in the east and south; Giaginsky District in the north, and Belorechensky District of Krasnodar Krai in the west. Population: 144,249 (2010 Census);[4] 156,931 (2002 Census);[9] 148,608 (1989 Census).[10]
History
The early Bronze Age Maykop culture has been named after the city after the discovery of a royal burial site there in 1897.[11]
A Russian military fort was built at Maykop in 1857.[12]
In 1911, oil deposits were discovered in the vicinity of Maykop.
In 1936, Maykop and the surrounding region was merged with Adyghe Autonomous Oblast, and became the administrative center of the autonomy. Maykop was occupied by the Wehrmacht on August 9, 1942 without a fight as a result of Brandenburger commando operation. In January 1943, it was liberated by the Transcaucasian Front of the Red Army.
Since 1991, Maykop has been the capital of the Republic of Adygea in the Russian Federation.
Economy
The discovery of extensive underground oil reserves has made Maykop a major centre for oil extraction for the Soviet Union and, subsequently, Russia. Other economically important sectors are food processing and the timber industry.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with eight rural localities, incorporated as Maykop Republican Urban Okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] It has the following rural localities under its jurisdiction:[13]
- khutor of Gaverdovsky
- stanitsa of Khanskaya
- khutor of Kosinov
- settlement of Podgorny
- settlement of Rodnikovy
- settlement of Severny
- khutor of Vesyoly
- settlement of Zapadny
As a municipal division, Maykop Republican Urban Okrug is incorporated as Maykop Urban Okrug.[2]
Ethnic groups
Ethnic groups in the city (2002 data):
- Russians (72.59%)
- Adyghe (16.65%)
- Armenians (2.99%)
- Ukrainians (2.52%)
Other ethnic groups include Chechens, Daghestanis and Tartars.[14] There are ethnic tensions between the Muslim Adyghe and the Russians—with the two communities described as being "sharply divided".[15]
Education
Maykop is home to the Adyghe State University and Maykop State Technological University. There are also several facilities of professional education in Maykop.
Climate
Maykop lies within the humid subtropical climate zone (Cfa), according to the Köppen climate classification.
| Climate data for Maykop | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 3.9 (39) |
5.8 (42.4) |
11.0 (51.8) |
18.2 (64.8) |
22.6 (72.7) |
26.2 (79.2) |
28.9 (84) |
28.5 (83.3) |
24.3 (75.7) |
17.6 (63.7) |
12.3 (54.1) |
6.9 (44.4) |
17.18 (62.93) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.5 (31.1) |
1.3 (34.3) |
5.7 (42.3) |
12.6 (54.7) |
16.8 (62.2) |
20.3 (68.5) |
22.8 (73) |
22.3 (72.1) |
18.1 (64.6) |
12.0 (53.6) |
7.6 (45.7) |
2.8 (37) |
11.82 (53.26) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −4.9 (23.2) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
0.4 (32.7) |
6.9 (44.4) |
11.0 (51.8) |
14.4 (57.9) |
16.7 (62.1) |
16.0 (60.8) |
11.9 (53.4) |
6.3 (43.3) |
2.8 (37) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
6.41 (43.53) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 60 (2.36) |
41 (1.61) |
51 (2.01) |
58 (2.28) |
73 (2.87) |
89 (3.5) |
70 (2.76) |
58 (2.28) |
62 (2.44) |
66 (2.6) |
75 (2.95) |
69 (2.72) |
772 (30.39) |
| Average precipitation days | 8 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 94 |
| Source: worldweather.org[16] | |||||||||||||
February 15, 2010 recorded the absolute maximum for the winter months in Russia - + 23,4 °C
Military
On the south side of the city, alongside the Belaya River is the military complex housing the 131st Motor Rifle Brigade of the Southern Military District of the Russian Armed Forces which took part in the First Chechen War.
Notable people
- Nikita Kucherov, professional hockey player
References
Notes
- 1 2 3 4 Law #171
- 1 2 3 Law #171 stipulates that the borders of the republican urban okrugs are identical to those of the municipal urban okrugs.
- ↑ Администрация муниципального образования «Город Майкоп» (официальный сайт). Общие сведения о Майкопе.
- 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
- ↑ "Большая Советская Энциклопедия (БСЭ)". Archived from the original on 2011-08-23.
- ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ Ivanova, Mariya (2007). "The Chronology of the "Maikop Culture" in the North Caucasus: Changing Perspectives". Armenian Journal of Near Eastern Studies II: 7–39.
- ↑ James B. Minahan (30 May 2002). Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World A-Z. ABC-CLIO. p. 38. ISBN 9780313076961.
- ↑ Law #223
- ↑ Irina BABICH (2004). "THE REPUBLIC OF ADIGEY: ISLAM AND SOCIETY AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY". CENTRAL ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS 6 (30): 55.
- ↑ Klimenko, Oxana; Bowers, Stephen R.; and Solovyeva, Lena, "North Caucasus Baseline Project: Adygea" (2009). Faculty Publications and Presentations. Paper 18. Page 3.
- ↑ "worldweather.org". Retrieved March 6, 2012.
Sources
- Государственный Совет — Хасэ Республики Адыгея. Закон №171 от 5 мая 2000 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Республики Адыгея», в ред. Закона №97 от 6 июня 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые Законы Республики Адыгея в связи с принятием Закона Республики Адыгея "Об отнесении посёлка городского типа Тульского к категории посёлков — сельских населённых пунктов"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Советская Адыгея", №156-157, 7 августа 2004 г. (State Assembly of the Republic of Adygea. Law #171 of May 5, 2000 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Republic of Adygea, as amended by the Law #97 of June 6, 2012 On Amending Various Laws of the Republic of Adygea Due to the Adoption of the Law of the Republic of Adygea "On Transformation of the Urban-Type Settlement of Tulsky into a Settlement—a Rural Locality. Effective as of the official publication date.).
- Совет Республики Адыгея. Закон №223 от 24 мая 2004 г. «О муниципальном образовании "город Майкоп", наделении его статусом городского округа и установлении его границ», в ред. Закона №347 от 27 ноября 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Республики Адыгея "О муниципальном образовании "город Майкоп", наделении его статусом городского округа и установлении его границ"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Советская Адыгея", №102–103, 27 мая 2004 г. (Council of the Republic of Adygea. Law #223 of May 24, 2004 On the Municipal Formation "the City of Maykop", Granting It the Status of an Urban Okrug, and on the Establishment of Its Borders, as amended by the Law #347 of November 27, 2014 On Amending the Law of the Republic of Adygea "On the Municipal Formation "the City of Maykop", Granting It the Status of an Urban Okrug, and on the Establishment of Its Borders". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
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