Long Beach Airport

Long Beach Airport
USGS aerial image, March 2004
IATA: LGB – ICAO: KLGB – FAA LID: LGB – WMO: 72297
Summary
Airport type	Public
Owner	City of Long Beach
Serves	Los Angeles and Orange counties
Location	Long Beach, California
Focus city for	JetBlue Airways
Elevation AMSL	60 ft / 18 m
Coordinates	33°49′04″N 118°09′06″W / 33.81778°N 118.15167°W / 33.81778; -118.15167Coordinates: 33°49′04″N 118°09′06″W / 33.81778°N 118.15167°W / 33.81778; -118.15167
Website	www.LGB.org
Map
LGB Location of airport in Long Beach
Runways
Direction Length Surface ft m 12/30 10,003 3,049 Asphalt 7L/25R 6,191 1,887 Asphalt 7R/25L 5,421 1,652 Asphalt 16L/34R 3,330 1,015 Asphalt 16R/34L 4,470 1,362 Asphalt
Helipads
Number Length Surface ft m H1 50 15 Asphalt H2 50 15 Asphalt H3 50 15 Asphalt H4 50 15 Asphalt H5 50 15 H6 50 15 Asphalt
Statistics
Passengers: (2013) 1,438,756 Aircraft operations: (2014) 304,720 Based aircraft: (2014) 366
Sources: FAA[1]

Long Beach Airport's old terminal building from the street.

The old terminal building as viewed from the flight line in 2009.

Long Beach Airport's runway 30 as seen from an aircraft on short final.

Long Beach Airport (IATA: LGB, ICAO: KLGB, FAA LID: LGB) is a city-owned public airport three miles northeast of downtown Long Beach, in Los Angeles County, California.^[1] It was formerly called Daugherty Field.

This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a primary commercial service airport.^[2] Federal Aviation Administration records say the airport had 1,413,251 passenger boardings in calendar year 2008,^[3] 1,401,903 in 2009 and 1,451,404 in 2010.^[4]

Overview

Long Beach Airport has few passenger flights compared with Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) 18 miles (29 km) to the northwest, and will always be a small airport because of ordinances adopted to minimize noise. The airport is under one of the strictest ordinances in the United States on airport noise and the number of airline flights. Rules now allow 41 commercial flights and 25 commuter flights daily. Community groups and activists have been vocal about any changes at the airport. On February 11, 2016, it was announced 9 new slots were awarded to 3 airlines. JetBlue received 3 additional slots, Delta received 2 more, and Southwest Airlines was awarded 4. Since JetBlue and Delta already serve the airport, Southwest Airlines was awarded the most and the airport will now see a new airline and new destinations. Southwest has yet to announce destinations from Long Beach.

The arrival of low-cost carrier JetBlue Airways at Long Beach Airport in 2001, and that airline's decision to establish a West Coast hub at LGB, has increased air traffic and has cemented LGB's standing as an alternative to LAX for flights to the East Coast. JetBlue used the noise ordinance to make Long Beach Airport a miniature fortress hub, but it quickly reached capacity and has since had to rework flight schedules and direct growth to other Los Angeles area airports. JetBlue calls LGB a focus city and now uses 31 of the 41 slots.

Air cargo carriers, including FedEx and UPS, also use LGB. 57,000 tons of goods are carried each year.

The Boeing Company (formerly McDonnell Douglas) maintains production of the C-17 military transport jet; maintenance facilities for other Boeing and McDonnell Douglas/Douglas aircraft (including the historic DC-9 and DC-10 aircraft) are also at Long Beach. Gulfstream Aerospace has a completion/service center.

Commercial flights are restricted, but there are still many charters, private aviation, flight schools, law enforcement flights, helicopters, advertising blimps, planes towing advertising banners, etc. Long Beach airport is one of the busiest general aviation airports in the world, with 398,433 aircraft movements in 2007.^[5]

The Long Beach Airport has an aggressive noise abatement program which includes three full-time noise specialists.^[6] Under Long Beach municipal law, the city can criminally prosecute the aircraft’s owner and the pilots for breaking the noise ordinance. As the airport continues to grow and air traffic over the region increases, so do the complaints about loud and low flying aircraft. The airport produces a monthly noise and complaint report.^[7] Analysis indicates that complaints about flyover traffic in Long Beach and its neighboring cities have increased by 678% from February 2013 to February 2014.

Long Beach Airport has one terminal in Streamline Moderne style that is a historical landmark and was renovated in early 2013.

Long Beach Transit Routes 111, 104, 102, and 176 serve the airport. Wardlow Road runs from the airport to the Los Angeles County/Orange County border, where it becomes Ball Road and crosses the north edge of the Disneyland Resort; Long Beach Airport is the second closest airport to Disneyland, after John Wayne Airport.

In January 2015, Bryant L. Francis was appointed Long Beach Airport Director.

History

The first transcontinental flight, a biplane flown by Calbraith Perry Rodgers, landed in 1911 on Long Beach's sandy beach. From 1911 until the airport was created, planes used the beach as a runway.

The famous barnstormer Earl S. Daugherty had leased the area that later became the airport for air shows, stunt flying, wing walking and passenger rides. Later, he started the world's first flight school in 1919 at the same location. In 1923 Daugherty convinced the city council to use the site to create the first municipal airport.

Douglas "Wrong Way" Corrigan used to fly regularly out of Daugherty Field. Before his infamous flight from Brooklyn, New York, to Ireland in 1938, he had flown from Long Beach to New York. After authorities refused his request to continue on to Ireland, he was supposed to return to Daugherty Field, but a claimed navigational error routed him to Ireland. He never publicly acknowledged having flown there intentionally.

During the 1940s and 1950s the only airline nonstops from Long Beach Airport were to Los Angeles, San Diego, and sometimes Catalina Island; in 1962 Western Airlines introduced a daily Electra to San Francisco and one a day to San Diego. Jet schedules began in 1968; in 1969 Western Boeing 737-200s flew to Las Vegas, Oakland, and San Francisco. In 1980 the only jets were operated by Pacific Southwest Airlines (PSA) to SFO.

In 1981 a new airline based in Long Beach, Jet America, began nonstop MD-80s to Chicago and, in 1982, to Dallas-Fort Worth. That year Alaska Airlines began nonstop Boeing 727s to Portland and Seattle. In 1983 American Airlines introduced nonstops to Chicago O'Hare and Dallas-Fort Worth, and United Airlines began nonstops to Denver. Continental Airlines started nonstops to Denver as well. In 1984 United scheduled two Boeing 767-200s a day nonstop to Denver, the largest passenger airliners ever to serve LGB.

Between 1990 and 1992 Continental, Delta, TWA, and USAir ended service to LGB, as did American Airlines in early 2006.^[8] Alaska Airlines later ended service as well. Delta Connection and American Eagle regional jet flights continue at LGB. In February 2016, Southwest Airlines announced plans to begin service to the airport with an initial 4 available slots.

Military use

A Douglas C-74 Globemaster I at Long Beach Airport with Boeing B-17 and C-46 Curtiss Commando aircraft in the background.

Long Beach Army Air Field California Sixth Ferrying Group Book

To attract the United States Navy, the City of Long Beach built a hangar and an administrative building and then offered to lease it to the Navy for $1 a year for the establishment of the Naval Reserve Air Base. On May 10, 1928, the U.S. Navy commissioned the field as a Naval Reserve Air Base (NRAB Long Beach). Two years later the city built a hangar and administrative building for the United States Army Air Corps as well. Significant developments to the little city airport began only after the city built hangars and administrative facilities for the Army and Navy in 1928-30.

As a Naval Reserve Air Base, the mission was to instruct, train and drill Naval Reserve aviation personnel. A ground school was offered three nights a week at the base and two nights a week at the University of California in Los Angeles until 1930, when ground school was continuously offered at the base. On April 9, 1939, training in night flight began, and shortly thereafter its facilities began to be used by fleet aircraft as well.

With increased activity by commercial airlines and the private airplane industry, particularly with Douglas Aircraft showing an interest in the Long Beach Municipal Airport, the facility needed more space. With Douglas Aircraft as a resident, the attitude of Long Beach's authorities became openly hostile to naval aviation, with its city manager saying that "the sooner the Navy gets out of the Long Beach airport, the better we will like it."

So the Navy had begun a survey for another site — unknown to city officials at the time. Admiral Ernest J. King, then the Chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics, and Admirals William D. Leahy, Joseph K. Taussig, and Allen E. Smith pointedly requested that the city of Long Beach repair the runways and reminded the city that the Pacific Fleet, then laying offshore in Long Beach and San Pedro harbors, had a payroll of more than $1 million a month. Eventually the city complied with the Navy's requests.

The city continued to show a hostile attitude toward approving a lease on any additional land that the Naval Reserve now required.

The Navy there upon, fed up with the city of Long Beach, decided upon the purchase of some property owned by a Mrs. Susanna Bixby Bryant, a fact made known by the commander of the base, Commander Thomas A. Gray, to the Chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics, Admiral John H. Towers. The circumstances behind the purchase were revealed to James V. Forrestal, Under Secretary of the Navy, and by him to the House Naval Affairs committee who approved the purchase. Although Comdr. Gray had offered Mrs. Bryant $350 an acre, in the best patriotic spirit she sold the property at $300 an acre.

With the site acquired, in 1941, construction funds soon followed and NAS Los Alamitos began to take shape. Upon the transfer of the Naval Reserve Training Facility to Los Alamitos, to the surprise of city officials of Long Beach, in 1942, instead of returning the Naval Reserve Air Base facilities at Long Beach to the city, the Navy turned over the facilities to the United States Army Air Forces, which had established a training base next to it. NARB Long Beach was not totally abandoned but became a Naval Auxiliary Air Station (NAAS).

The 1940s was a busy time. Through World War II the airfield was given over to the war effort. In August, 1941, the Civil Aeronautics Administration took over control of the airport, which had increased to 500 acres (2.0 km²). Once Los Alamitos became an operational base in 1941, NAAS Long Beach now turned to servicing carrier borne F4Fs, SBDs, FM-2s, F4Us, F6Fs, TBF/TBMs, and SB2Cs. In addition, it had utility aircraft and such patrol planes as the PBY, SNB, GB3, NH, GH, and SNJ.

As the Navy's activities began to be shifted to Los Alamitos the Long Beach Army Airfield at Long Beach became the home of the Army's Air Transport Command's Ferrying Division, which included a squadron of 18 women pilots commanded by Barbara London, a long time Long Beach aviatrix.

Like the Naval Air Ferry Command at NAS Terminal Island, the Army's ferrying work was an immense undertaking, thanks to Douglas Aircraft's wartime production. Ground was broken for the initial Douglas Aircraft facility in November 1940, with dedication in October 1941. Douglas had been drawn to Long Beach's growing municipal airport with its Army and Navy facilities. With wartime contracts the company went into intensive production. The company's first C-47 was delivered 16 days after the attack of Pearl Harbor and another 4,238 were produced during the war. The plant turned out some 1,000 A-20 Havocs, not to mention 3,000 B-17 Flying Fortresses and 1,156 A-26 Invaders.

With the end of the war the U.S. Navy abandoned any use of Long Beach Municipal Airport and with it the designation of Long Beach as a Naval Auxiliary Air Station.

Facilities and aircraft

Long Beach Airport covers an area of 1,166 acres (472 ha) at an elevation of 60 feet (18 m) above mean sea level. It has five asphalt-paved runways:^[1]

• 12/30 is 10,003 by 200 feet (3,049 x 61 m)
• 7L/25R is 6,191 by 150 feet (1,887 x 46 m)
• 7R/25L is 5,421 by 150 feet (1,652 x 46 m)
• 16L/34R is 3,330 by 75 feet (1,015 x 23 m)
• 16R/34L is 4,470 by 75 feet (1,362 x 23 m)

It also has six helipads:

• H1 is 50 by 50 feet (15 x 15 m)
• H2 is 50 by 50 feet (15 x 15 m)
• H3 is 50 by 50 feet (15 x 15 m)
• H4 is 50 by 50 feet (15 x 15 m)
• H5 is 50 by 50 feet (15 x 15 m)
• H6 is 50 by 50 feet (15 x 15 m)

In the year ending December 1, 2010 the airport had 329,808 aircraft operations, an average of 903 per day: 87% general aviation, 10% scheduled commercial, 3% air taxi, and <1% military. At that time there were 435 aircraft based at this airport: 69% single-engine, 11% multi-engine, 11% jet, and 10% helicopter.^[1]

Airlines and destinations

The gates at Long Beach Airport are divided into the North and South Concourses, with fourteen gates in all. JetBlue Airways is the sole occupant of the North Concourse, the larger of the two. Gates 1-4 are in the South Concourse and gates 5-11 in the North.

Passenger

Statistics

Top destinations

Annual traffic

Airport Improvements Program

On December 12, 2012, the Long Beach Airport completed a $136 million improvement project designed to modernize the main terminal without sacrificing its historic Art Deco architecture or reputation among travelers for convenience.^[12] It was developed to improve the customer experience by providing resort-like amenities, having a central palm garden, outdoor dining areas with fire pits, wine bars, and 14 gates.

A new 2,000-space parking structure was completed ahead of schedule and below budget. In addition, $5 million was spent to refurbish the old terminal, which was originally built in 1941 and declared a historic landmark by the city decades later.

The new terminal retains the open-air feeling of the current terminal complex, and passengers still walk across the tarmac when boarding or leaving their planes. The baggage claim also is partially enclosed, as it was before.^[13]

Accidents and incidents

• On March 16, 2011, a privately owned Beechcraft King Air crashed shortly after takeoff, killing five people and injuring another.^[14] The NTSB determined the cause of the crash to be a result of poor pilot technique that failed to maintain aircraft control, following a momentary interruption of power to the left engine caused by water contamination of the fuel. The NTSB found the water contamination was allowed to build up in the aircraft's fuel sumps due to poor maintenance and pre-flight practices, and lack of communication between the pilot and aircraft mechanics over who was responsible for draining the sumps before each flight. Because of this, enough water was allowed to build up in the fuel sumps to initiate this accident.^[15][16]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Long Beach Army Airfield.

• California World War II Army Airfields
• Western Air Defense Force

References

External links

• Long Beach Airport, official web site
• Historic California Posts: Long Beach Army Air Field
• Aerial image as of 29 March 2004 from USGS The National Map
• FAA Airport Diagram (PDF), effective February 4, 2016
• FAA Terminal Procedures for LGB, effective February 4, 2016
• Resources for this airport:
  • AirNav airport information for KLGB
  • ASN accident history for LGB
  • FlightAware airport information and live flight tracker
  • NOAA/NWS latest weather observations
  • SkyVector aeronautical chart for KLGB
  • FAA current LGB delay information