List of wars by death toll
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This list of wars by death toll includes death toll estimates of all deaths that are either directly or indirectly caused by war. These numbers usually include both the deaths of military personnel which are the direct results of battle or other military wartime actions, as well as the wartime/war-related deaths of civilians, which are the results of war induced epidemics, diseases, famines, atrocities, genocide, etc.
List of wars by death toll with over 1,000,000 deaths
| War | Deaths | Date | Location | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| World War II | 60,000,000–85,000,000 | 1939–1945 | Worldwide | see World War II casualties |
| Mongol conquests | 40,000,000–70,000,000 | 1206–1324 | Eurasia | [1][2][3][4] |
| Three Kingdoms War | 36,000,000–40,000,000 | 184–280 | China | [5][6] |
| Second Sino-Japanese War | 25,000,000 | 1937–1945 | China | [7] – Part of World War II |
| Qing dynasty conquest of Ming Dynasty | 25,000,000 | 1616–1662 | China | [8] |
| Taiping Rebellion | 20,000,000–100,000,000 | 1850–1864 | China | [9] – may be underestimated |
| World War I/Great War | 20,000,000 | 1914–1918 | Worldwide | see World War I casualties |
| An Lushan Rebellion | 13,000,000–36,000,000 | 755–763 | China | [10] – may be underestimated |
| Conquest of the Americas | 8,400,000 - 137,750,000 | 1492–1691 | Americas | [11][12][13] See Population history of indigenous peoples of the Americas. These death toll estimates vary due to lack of consensus as to the demographic size of the native population pre-Columbus, which some say might never be accurately determined. [14][15][16][15][17] |
| Dungan Revolt | 8,000,000–20,770,000 | 1862-1877 | China | |
| Conquests of Tamerlane | 8,000,000–20,000,000 | 1370–1405 | Eurasia | [18][19] |
| Chinese Civil War | 8,000,000 | 1927–1949 | China | [20] |
| Russian Civil War and Foreign Intervention | 5,000,000–9,000,000 | 1917–1922 | Russia | [21] |
| Napoleonic Wars | 3,500,000–6,000,000 | 1803–1815 | Europe | see Napoleonic Wars casualties |
| Thirty Years' War | 3,000,000–11,500,000 | 1618–1648 | Europe | [22] |
| Second Congo War/Great War of Africa | 2,500,000–5,400,000 | 1998–2003 | Central Africa | [23][24][25][26] |
| French Wars of Religion | 2,000,000–4,000,000 | 1562–1598 | France | [27] – also known as Huguenot Wars |
| Goguryeo-Sui War | 2,000,000 At Least | 598–614 | Korea | [28] – Korean(Goguryeo) and civilian casualties are not included. |
| Shaka's conquests | 2,000,000 | 1816–1828 | South Africa | [29] |
| Korean War | 1,200,000 | 1950–1953 | Korea | [30] |
| Siege of Jerusalem | 1,100,000 | 73 | Middle East | |
| Mexican Revolution | 1,000,000–2,000,000 | 1910–1920 | Mexico | [31] |
| Iran–Iraq War/First Persian Gulf War | 1,000,000 | 1980–1988 | Middle East | [32] |
| Japanese invasions of Korea | 1,000,000 | 1592–1598 | Korea | [33] |
| Biafra War | 1,000,000 | 1967–1970 | Nigeria | |
| Soviet war in Afghanistan | 957,865–1,622,865 | 1979–1989 | Afghanistan | [34][35][36] |
| Conquests of Mehmed II 'the Conqueror' | 873,000 | 1451–1481 | Eurasia | [37] – may either be underestimated or overestimated |
| Seven Years' War | 868,000–1,400,000 | 1756–1763 | Europe | [38][39] |
| Vietnam War/Second Indochina War | 800,000–3,800,000 | 1955–1975 | Vietnam | [40][41][42] |
List of wars by death toll with fewer than 1,000,000 deaths
- 876,000 – English Civil War (1642–1651)[43][44][45]
- 800,000– American Civil War (1861–1865)[46][47]
- 770,000 – Second Punic War (218–201 BC)[48]
- 500,000–1,500,000 – Ethiopian Civil War[49]
- 500,000 – Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) [50]
- 400,000–1,000,000 – Gallic Wars (58–50 BC)
- 470,000 – Syrian Civil War (2011–present), see Casualties of the Syrian civil war
- 400,000+ – First Indochina War (1946–1954)
- 400,000 – Civil war in Afghanistan (1989–92), Civil war in Afghanistan (1992–96) and Civil war in Afghanistan (1996–2001) (1989–2001)[51]
- 400,000+ War of the Triple Alliance (1864–1870) [52]
- 350,000–1,500,000 – Algerian War of Independence (1954–1962)[53]
- 350,000 – Kalinga War (262–261 BC)
- 350,000 – Third Northern War (1700–1721)[54]
- 315,000–735,000 – Wars of the Three Kingdoms (1639–1651)[55]
- 300,000–3,000,000[56] – Bangladesh Liberation War (1971)
- 300,000 – Second Burundian Civil War (1993–2005)[57]
- 300,000 (TFG)–500,000+ (AFP) – Somali Civil War[58][59][60]
- 272,000–1,260,009 – War on Terror (2001–present)[61][62][63]
- 234,000 – Philippine–American War (1899–1912)[64]
- 220,000 – Colombian conflict (1964–present) (1964–present)[65]
- 200,000 – Indonesian occupation of East Timor (1975–1999)[66][67]
- 200,000–1,000,000 – Albigensian Crusade (1208–1229)[68][69]
- 200,000–500,000 — Lord's Resistance Army insurgency (1987–present)[70]
- 200,000 – Algerian Civil War (1991–2002)[71][72]
- 185,250–3,000,000 – Hundred Years' War (1337–1453)[73]
- 178,258–461,520 – War in Darfur (2003–present)[74]
- 176,913–1,120,000 – Iraq War/Third Persian Gulf War (2003–2011), see Casualties of the Iraq War, part of the War on Terror[62][63][75]
- 138,800–320,100 – Iraqi–Kurdish conflict (1918–2003)[76][77]
- 120,000–384,000 – Great Turkish War (1683–1699) (see Ottoman-Habsburg wars)
- 120,000–150,000 – Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990)
- 120,000 – Islamic insurgency in the Philippines (1969–present)[78]
- 115,311 – Arab–Israeli conflict (1920–present)[79]
- 106,800+ – Mexican Drug War (2006–present)[80][81]
- 100,000–10,000,000[82] – Indian Rebellion of 1857
- 100,000–500,000 – Ugandan Bush War (1981-1986)[83][84]
- 100,000–400,000 – Western New Guinea (1984–) (see Genocide in West Papua)
- 100,000 – Insurgency in Laos (1975–2007)[85]
- 100,000 – German Peasants' War (1524–1525)[86]
- 97,000–107,000 – Aceh War (1873–1914)[87]
- 97,214–104,732 – Bosnian War (1991–1995)
- 90,969 – Mahdist War (1881–1889)
- 90,000+ – Third conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War (1018–1019)[88]
- 85,000–235,000 – 1991 uprisings in Iraq (1991)[89][90][91]
- 80,000–110,000, Kashmir Conflict – (1947 to present)
- 80,000–100,000 – Sri Lankan Civil War (1983–2009)[92]
- 63,500–88,500 – Mozambican War of Independence (1964–1974)[93]
- 60,000 – Ituri conflict (1999–2007)[94]
- 47,246–61,603 – War in Afghanistan (2001–present) (2001–present), part of the War on Terror[75]
- 45,852 – 78,946 – War in North-West Pakistan (2004–present), part of the War on Terror[75]
- 45,000 – Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1979–2013)[95]
- 34,000 – Iranian-Kurdish conflict (1918–present)[96]
- 34,000 – Ethnic conflict in Nagaland (1954–present)[97]
- 25,000 – Insurgency in Northeast India (1964–present)[98]
- 25,000 – Shia insurgency in Yemen (2004–present)[99]
- 20,000 – Ragamuffin War (1835–1845)[100]
- 18,069–20,069 – First Opium War (1839–1842)[101]
- 17,200 – First Anglo-Afghan War (1839–1842)[102]
- 16,765–17,065 – Balochistan conflict (1948–present)[103][104][105]
- 16,000 – War of the Pacific (1879–1883)
- 15,000 – Nigerian Sharia conflict (1953–present)[106][107][108]
- 13,929 – Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997–1999)[109]
- 13,812 – Naxalite-Maoist insurgency (1967–present)[110][111]
- 10,000+ – Malayan Emergency (1948–1960)[112]
- 9,400 - Libyan Civil War (2011)[113]
- 8,136+ – Iraqi insurgency (post-U.S. withdrawal) (2011–present)[114]
- 5,641 – Sudanese nomadic conflicts (2009–present)[115][116]
- 5,469 – South Thailand insurgency (2004–present)[117]
- 5,000 – Casamance conflict[118]
- 5,000 – Chilean Civil War of 1891 (1891)[119]
- 4,000–10,000 Conflict in the Niger Delta (2004–present)[120]
- 3,699 – Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen (1992–present)[121]
- 3,529 – The Northern Ireland Troubles (1969–1998)[122]
- 3,000–6,000 – Negro Rebellion (1912)[123][124]
- 3,000 – Second Ivorian Civil War (2010–2011)[125]
- 2,781 – Iranian Revolution (1978–1979)[126]
- 2,751 – Third Anglo-Afghan War (1919)[127]
- 2,557 – Sudan internal conflict (2011–present) (2011–present)[128][129][130]
- 2,394 - Sinai insurgency[131]
- 2,198 – Insurgency in the North Caucasus (2009–present)[132][133][134][135][136]
- 2,000 – Six-Day War (2000) (2000)[137]
- 2,000 – 2010 South Kyrgyzstan ethnic clashes (2010)[138][139][140]
- 1,643–2,237 – War of Transnistria (1992)[141][142][143][144]
- 1,554 – South Yemen insurgency (2009–present)[145][146]
- 1300+ – Allied Democratic Forces insurgency (1996–present)[147]
- 1,229 – Basque conflict (1959–2011)[148]
- 1,227–5,600 – Kargil War (1999)[149][150][151][152]
- 1,119 – Political violence in Egypt, 2013 (2013–present)[153]
- 1,000–1,500 – Cabinda conflict (1994–present)[154]
- 1,000 – 1991–92 South Ossetia War (1991–1992)[155]
- 846 – 2011 Egyptian revolution (2011)[156]
- 740 – Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation (1963–1966)[157][158]
- 659–2,496 – Russia–Georgia war (2008)[159][160][161][162][163]
- 643[164] - 1,500[165] - Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile
- 391+ – M23 rebellion (2012–present)[166][167][168]
- 174–194 – United States occupation of Veracruz (1914)[169]
- 95 – 2013 Guinea clashes (2013)[170]
- 84–134 – Lahad Datu standoff (2013)[171][172]
Charts and graphs
-
List of wars by death toll through time 1300 to present, over 1 million casualties, from the data presented in the above table.
See also
- War: Nine largest by death toll
- Lists of wars
- List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll
- List of ongoing military conflicts
- List of genocides by death toll
References
- ↑ White, Matthew (2012). Atrocities: The 100 Deadliest Episodes in Human History. New York, NY: W. W. Norton. pp. 271, 578. ISBN 9780393345230. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
- ↑ McEvedy, Colin; Jones, Richard M. (1978). Atlas of World Population History. New York, NY: Puffin. p. 172. ISBN 9780140510768.
- ↑ Ping-ti Ho, "An Estimate of the Total Population of Sung-Chin China", in Études Song, Series 1, No 1, (1970) pp. 33–53.
- ↑ "Mongol Conquests". Users.erols.com. Retrieved 2011-01-24.
- ↑ Robert B. Marks (2011). China: Its Environment and History (World Social Change). Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 1442212756.
- ↑ Graziella Caselli (2005). Demography – Analysis and Synthesis: A Treatise in Population. Academic Press. ISBN 012765660X.
- ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/nuclear_01.shtml
- ↑ McFarlane, Alan: The Savage Wars of Peace: England, Japan and the Malthusian Trap, Blackwell 2003, ISBN 0-631-18117-2, ISBN 978-0-631-18117-0 – cited by White
- ↑ "Taiping Rebellion – Britannica Concise". Concise.britannica.com. Retrieved 2011-01-24.
- ↑ "Selected Death Tolls for Wars, Massacres and Atrocities Before the 20th Century". Users.erols.com. Retrieved 2011-01-24.
- ↑
- ↑ Reassessing New World Populations at the Time of Contact; Henry F. Dobyns; Institute for Early Contact Studies, University of Florida at Gainesville; 1988; Pgs. 6-10, 25
- ↑ American Philosophy: From Wounded Knee to the Present; Erin McKenna, Scott L. Pratt; Bloomsbury; 2015; Page 375; "It is also apparent that the shared history of the hemisphere is one framed by the dual tragedies of genocide and slavery, both of which are part of the legacy of the European invasions of the past 500 years. Indigenous people north and south were displaced, died of disease, and were killed by Europeans through slavery, rape and war. In 1491, about 145 million people lived in the western hemisphere. By 1691, the population of indigenous Americans had declined by 90-95 percent."
- ↑ "Numbers from Nowhere: The American Indian Contact Population"; David P. Henige; University of Oklahoma Press; 1998; Pg. 24
- 1 2 Don't Blame Columbus for All the Indians' Ills
- ↑ Richard H. Steckel and Jerome C. Rose: The Backbone of History Health and Nutrition in the Western Hemisphere, Cambridge University Press; 1st edition; Pg. 79; ISBN 9780521617444
- ↑ Pre-Columbian mycobacterial genomes reveal seals as a source of New World human tuberculosis
- ↑ "Timur Lenk (1369–1405)". Users.erols.com. Retrieved 2011-01-24.
- ↑ Matthew's White's website (a compilation of scholarly estimates) -Miscellaneous Oriental Atrocities
- ↑ http://necrometrics.com/20c1m.htm
- ↑ "Russian Civil War". Spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk. Retrieved 2011-01-24.
- ↑ The Thirty Years War (1618–48)
- ↑ Brennan, Richard (2006-07-16). "Inside Congo, An Unspeakable Toll". Theirc.org. Retrieved 2011-01-24.
- ↑ James Astill in Bukavu and Isabelle Chevallot (2003-04-08). "Conflict in Congo has killed 4.7m, charity says". Guardian (London). Retrieved 2011-01-24.
- ↑ Come Back, Colonialism, All is Forgiven
- ↑ Bethany Lacina and Nils Petter Gleditsch, "Monitoring Trends in Global Combat: A New Dataset of Battle Deaths, European Journal of Population (2005) 21: 145–166.
- ↑ Knecht, Robert J. (2002). The French Religious Wars 1562–1598. Osprey Publishing. p. 91. ISBN 9781841763958.
- ↑ Shin Chaeho (신채호), Joseon Sanggosa《조선상고사》(朝鮮上古史). Vol 10 (1931)
- ↑ Shaka: Zulu Chieftain; HistoryNet.com; June 12, 2006
- ↑ Bethany Lacina and Nils Petter Gleditsch, Monitoring Trends in Global Combat: A New Dataset of Battle Deaths, European Journal of Population (2005) 21: 145–166.
- ↑ Missing Millions: The human cost of the Mexican Revolution, 1910–1921
- ↑ Timeline: Iraq
- ↑ Jones, Geo H., Vol. 23 No. 5, pp. 254
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=k86jifnA3oYC&pg=PA5&dq=osprey+russia+afghanistan&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=false
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=Hz5NzJtg48kC&pg=PA115&dq=soviet+afghan+war+safronov&hl=en#v=onepage&q=soviet%20afghan%20war%20safronov&f=false
- ↑ http://www.nonel.pu.ru/erdferkel/khalidi.pdf
- ↑ Kenneth Meyer Setton, The Papacy and the Levant, 1204–1571: The fifteenth century, The American Philosophical Society (1978,1997) 331.
- ↑ Clodfelter, cited by White
- ↑ Urlanis, cited by White
- ↑ Charles Hirschman et al., "Vietnamese Casualties During the American War: A New Estimate," Population and Development Review, December 1995.
- ↑ Shenon, Philip (23 April 1995). "20 Years After Victory, Vietnamese Communists Ponder How to Celebrate". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
- ↑ "fifty years of violent war deaths: data analysis from the world health survey program: BMJ". 23 April 2008. Retrieved 5 January 2013. From 1955 to 2002, data from the surveys indicated an estimated 5.4 million violent war deaths ... 3.8 million in Vietnam.
- ↑ Carlton 1992, p. 211.
- ↑ Carlton 1992, p. 212.
- ↑ Carlton 1992, p. 213.
- ↑ Recounting the dead, Associate Professor J. David Hacker, "estimates, based on Census data, indicate that the death toll was at least 750,000, and may have been as high as 850,000" (study refers only to military casualties)
- ↑ James M. McPherson, "Battle Cry of Freedom", Oxford University Press, Oct 24, 2003, page 619. "Suffering and death were widespread, nevertheless, and a fair estimate of war-related civilian deaths might total 50,000".
- ↑ http://necrometrics.com/romestat.htm#2Punic
- ↑ http://necrometrics.com/20c1m.htm#Ethiopia
- ↑ "Spanish judge opens case into Franco's atrocities". New York Times. 16 October 2008. Retrieved 28 July 2009.
- ↑ Baldauf, Scott, "Life under Taliban cuts two ways", The Christian Science Monitor, September 20, 2001.
- ↑ Paraguayan War
- ↑ France remembers the Algerian War, 50 years on France 24
- ↑ Northern War (1700–21)
- ↑ The curse of Cromwell
- ↑ Matthew White's Death Tolls for the Major Wars and Atrocities of the Twentieth Century
- ↑ "Heavy shelling in Burundi capital". BBC News. 18 April 2008.
- ↑ "Twentieth Century Atlas – Death Tolls and Casualty Statistics for Wars, Dictatorships and Genocides". Users.erols.com. Retrieved April 20, 2011.
- ↑ c.f. UCDP datasets for SNA, SRRC, USC, SNM, ARS/UIC and Al-Shabaab tolls.
- ↑ UCDP non-state conflict tolls
- ↑ "Human costs of war: Direct war death in Afghanistan, Iraq and Pakistan October 2001 – February 2013" (PDF). Costs of War. February 2013. Retrieved 14 June 2013.
- 1 2 "Update on Iraqi Casualty Data" by Opinion Research Business. January 2008.
- 1 2 "Revised Casualty Analysis. New Analysis 'Confirms' 1 Million+ Iraq Casualties". January 28, 2008. Opinion Research Business. Word Viewer for.doc files.
- ↑ John M. Gates, "War-Related Deaths in the Philippines", Pacific Historical Review , v. 53, No. 3 (August, 1984), 367–378.
- ↑ http://www.jesusradicals.com/georgetown-welcomes-colombias-ex-pres-uribe/
- ↑ Asia Watch, Human Rights in Indonesia and East Timor, Human Rights Watch, New York, 1989, p. 253.
- ↑ Dunn, pp. 283–285; Budiardjo and Liong, pp. 49–51
- ↑ Albigensian Crusade (1208–49)
- ↑ Massacre of the Pure, Time, April 28, 1961
- ↑ http://ploughshares.ca/pl_armedconflict/uganda-1987-2010/#Deaths
- ↑ Attacks raise spectre of civil war
- ↑ Journalists in Algeria are caught in middle
- ↑ http://necrometrics.com/pre1700a.htm#100yrs
- ↑ Degomme, Olivier & Guha-Sapir, Debarati (23 January 2010). "Patterns of mortality rates in Darfur conflict". The Lancet. Retrieved 3 July 2013.
- 1 2 3 http://costsofwar.org/sites/default/files/HMCHART_2.pdf
- ↑ http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat4.htm
- ↑ http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11142005-144616/unrestricted/003Manuscript.pdf
- ↑ http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTCPR/214578-1111996036679/20482477/WP24_Web.pdf
- ↑ https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/casualtiestotal.html
- ↑ Booth, William (20 November 2012). "Mexico's crime wave has left about 25,000 missing, government documents show". The Washington Post. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- ↑ "Shooting at Mexico bar leaves many dead". Al Jazeera. 30 March 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- ↑ "India's secret history: 'A holocaust, one where millions disappeared...'", The Guardian, 24 August 2007.
- ↑ Eckhardt, William, in World Military and Social Expenditures 1987-88 (12th ed., 1987) by Ruth Leger Sivard.
- ↑ Henry Wasswa, “Uganda's first prime minister, and two-time president, dead at 80,” Associated Press, October 10, 2005
- ↑ http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB15.1D.GIF
- ↑ Peasants' War, Germany (1524–25)
- ↑ Vickers, Adrian (2005). A History of Modern Indonesia. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 10–13. ISBN 0-521-54262-6. Page 13.
- ↑ "귀주대첩 [네이버 지식백과] 귀주대첩 [龜州大捷] (두산백과)". Naver. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
- ↑ Moore, Solomon (5 June 2006). "2 Mass Graves in Iraq Unearthed". Los Angeles Times.
- ↑ Black, Ian (21 August 2007). "'Chemical Ali' on trial for brutal crushing of Shia uprising". The Guardian (London).
- ↑ http://www.hrw.org/reports/1992/Iraq926.htm
- ↑ http://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-05-20/up-to-100000-killed-in-sri-lankas-civil-war-un/1689524
- ↑ "Mid-range wars and atrocities of the twentieth century". Retrieved 11 July 2013.
- ↑ http://newsvote.bbc.co.uk/mpapps/pagetools/print/news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6158331.stm
- ↑ http://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/74132-erdogan-rules-out-amnesty-for-kurdish-rebels
- ↑ http://www1.american.edu/cgp/pdf/hicks.pdf
- ↑ http://www.onwar.com/aced/chrono/index1950.htm
- ↑ http://www.peri.umass.edu/fileadmin/pdf/dpe/modern_conflicts/death_tolls.pdf
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=Sj81Eaxz-2kC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Regime+and+Periphery+in+Northern+Yemen:+The+Huthi+Phenomenon&hl=nl#v=onepage&q=25%2C000&f=false
- ↑ http://books.google.cl/books?id=s50JnG7BzLAC&printsec=frontcover&hl=es#v=onepage&q&f=false
- ↑ Martin, Robert Montgomery (1847). China: Political, Commercial, and Social; In an Official Report to Her Majesty's Government. Volume 2. James Madden. pp. 81–82.
- ↑ http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+af0012)
- ↑ http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat6.htm
- ↑ http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/pakistan/Balochistan/index.html
- ↑ http://www.europe-solidaire.org/spip.php?article4120
- ↑ Isaacs, Dan (5 May 2004). "Analysis: Behind Nigeria's violence". BBC News.
- ↑ http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gzl2_TiUNy_W4vqIC3NZSasnA5HA
- ↑ "'Hundreds dead' in Nigeria attack". BBC News. 8 March 2010.
- ↑ http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=37®ionSelect=2-Southern_Africa#
- ↑ http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/aljazeeracorrespondent/2011/10/20111019124251679523.html
- ↑ http://www.mha.nic.in/pdfs/ar0304-Eng.pdf
- ↑ "Royal Malaysian Police (Malaysia)". Crwflags.com. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
- ↑ Ian Black, Middle East editor (8 January 2013). "Libyan revolution casualties lower than expected, says new government". London: Guardian. Retrieved 2013-10-02.
- ↑ http://www.iraqbodycount.org/database/
- ↑ "TIMELINE-Violence spirals in south Sudan". Reuters. 7 January 2010.
- ↑ Gettleman, Jeffrey (5 January 2012). "In South Sudan, Massacre of 3,000 Is Reported". The New York Times.
- ↑ http://www.thairath.co.th/content/edu/279740
- ↑ http://www.guinguinbali.com/index.php?lang=en&mod=news&task=view_news&cat=3&id=1392
- ↑ http://necrometrics.com/wars19c.htm
- ↑ http://web.archive.org/web/20061010001137/http://www.ploughshares.ca/libraries/ACRText/ACR-Nigeria.html
- ↑ http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=169®ionSelect=10-Middle_East#
- ↑ http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/sutton/tables/Status_Summary.html
- ↑ Garcia, Pedro Antonio (2 July 2007). "Over three thousand black and mulatto Cubans killed in this act of force of the great national bourgeoisie". Afro Cuba Web. Retrieved 4 June 2013.
- ↑ Escamilla, Luis (28 May 2013). "Partido de independiente de color (Cuba, 1908–1912)". Black Past. Retrieved 4 June 2013.
- ↑ http://observers.france24.com/content/20120110-first-ever-video-proof-suspected-gbagbo-militants-brutal-murder-ouattara-abobo-abidjan
- ↑ http://www.emadbaghi.com/en/archives/000592.php#more
- ↑ http://www.onwar.com/aced/data/alpha/afguk1919.htm
- ↑ http://www.radiodabanga.org/
- ↑ http://www.sudantribune.com/UN-report-1-500-killed-and-73-000,40053
- ↑ http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2012\10\17\story_17-10-2012_pg4_5
- ↑ "Egypt's Sinai rocked by wave of deadly attacks". BBC News. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
- ↑ http://en.rian.ru/russia/20100116/157570882.html
- ↑ http://www.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/198756/
- ↑ http://chechnya.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/159998
- ↑ http://www.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/198756
- ↑ http://en.rian.ru/russia/20121016/176672506.html
- ↑ http://www.ugandacorrespondent.com/articles/2010/09/revealed-2000-updf-troops-died-in-kisangani/
- ↑ http://www.polit.ru/news/2010/06/12/1000/
- ↑ http://www.fergananews.com/news.php?id=14964
- ↑ http://www.centrasia.ru/newsA.php?st=1276548120
- ↑ http://www.nr2.ru/pmr/90227.html
- ↑ http://www.nr2.ru/pmr/96375.html
- ↑ http://www.olvia.idknet.com/ol166-12-06.htm
- ↑ http://monument.md/#
- ↑ "Breaking News, Analysis, Politics, Blogs, News Photos, Video, Tech Reviews - TIME.com". Time. 8 July 2011.
- ↑ http://archive.muslimnews.co.uk/paper/index.php?article=5273
- ↑ "Congo refugees pour into Uganda after attack". Al Jazeera. 13 July 2013. Retrieved 21 July 2013.
- ↑ http://www.euskonews.com/0256zbk/gaia25604_01.html
- ↑ http://pib.nic.in/feature/feyr2000/fjul2000/f210720001.html
- ↑ http://web.archive.org/web/20071222013826/http://www.indianarmy.nic.in/martyrs/home.jsp?operation=28&hidrecord=10&FormBugs_Page=1#Form
- ↑ http://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/2013/Feb/1/musharraf-claims-kargil-was-a-big-success-militarily-for-pak-46.asp
- ↑ "Over 4,000 soldiers killed in Kargil: Sharif". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 17 August 2003.
- ↑ Chalabi, Mona (8 July 2013). "Egypt's dead and injured: the toll so far". The Guardian. Retrieved 6 October 2013.
- ↑ http://igcsforum.org/showthread.php?t=1729
- ↑ http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/UNTC/UNPAN019224.pdf
- ↑ "Government fact-finding mission shows 846 killed in Egypt uprising". Haaretz. 20 April 2011. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
- ↑ Carver 1986, p. 806.
- ↑ Pimlott 1984, p. 99.
- ↑ Shuster, Simon (21 February 2009). "Russia lost 64 troops in Georgia war, 283 wounded". Reuters. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
- ↑ Denber, Rachel & Lomaia, Alexander (10 October 2008). "Dear President Saakashvili..." (PDF). Human Rights Watch. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
- ↑ "Russia intervenes in the Caucasus to keep and control your living space". El Pais. 17 August 2008. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
- ↑ "We believe that we have fully proved the offense". Interfax. 3 July 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
- ↑ "Consequences of Russian aggression in Georgia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
- ↑ More than 600 killed in Sudan warzone: minister
- ↑ UN report: 1,500 killed and 73,000 displaced in S. Sudan conflicts
- ↑ "At least 240 killed in Congo after fighting between army and rebels". RPP. 8 June 2012. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
- ↑ "UN calls for end to DR Congo violence". Al Jazeera. 18 November 2012. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
- ↑ Kambale, Albert (8 July 2012). "DR Congo rebel chief pledges to withdraw from captured towns". AFP. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
- ↑ Cantu, Gaston Garcia (1996). "The U.S. invasions in Mexico". Fondo de Cultura Economica. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
- ↑ "95 killed in Guinea clashes". The Times of India. 24 July 2013. Retrieved 25 July 2013.
- ↑ "Lahad Datu: 52 gunmen killed in gunfights so far, says IGP". The Star. 7 March 2013. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
- ↑ Golingai, Philip (9 March 2013). "Lahad Datu: Security forces shoot dead one gunman at Tanjung Batu village". The Star. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
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