List of state leaders in 40 BC

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 40 BC.

Asia

• Japan (legendary) - Sujin, Emperor of Japan (97 BC–30 BC)
• Korea -
  • Dongbuyeo - Geumwa, King of Dongbuyeo (48 BC– 7 BC)
  • Silla - Bak Hyeokgeose, King of Silla (57 BC– AD 4)

Europe

• Athens
  • Nicandrus, Archon of Athens (41 BC–40 BC)
  • Philostratus, Archon of Athens (40 BC–39 BC)
• Atrebates - Commius, King of the Atrebates (57 BC–20 BC)
• Bosporan Kingdom - Asander, King of Bosporus (47 BC–17 BC)
• Caucasian Iberia - Parnavaz II, King of Caucasian Iberia (63 BC–32 BC)
• Dacia
  • Deceneus, King of Dacia (44 BC–27 BC )
  • Comosicus, King of Dacia (44 BC–28 BC)
• Ireland
  • Conaire Mór, High King of Ireland (110 BC–40 BC)
  • Interregnum (40 BC–33 BC)
• Odrysian kingdom - Rhescuporis I, Odrysian King of Thrace (48 BC–13 BC)
• Roman Republic
  • Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, triumvir in Africa Province (43 BC–36 BC)
  • Mark Antony, triumvir in the East (43 BC–31 BC)
  • Octavian, triumvir in the West (43 BC–14 AD)
  • Domitius Calvinus, Consul (40 BC)
  • Gaius Asinius Pollio, Consul (40 BC)
  • Lucius Cornelius Balbus, Consul suffectus (40 BC)
  • Publius Canidius Crassus, Consul suffectus (40 BC)
  • Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, Pontifex Maximus (44 BC–13 BC)
  • Lucius Antonius and Fulvia, resistance (41 BC–40 BC)
  • Africa Nova Province - Titus Sextius, Roman governor (44 BC–40 BC)
  • Syria Province
    • Decidius Saxa, Roman Prefect (41 BC–40 BC)
    • Interregnum - Parthian occupation (40 BC–39 BC)

Middle East

• Armenia - Artavasdes II, King of Armenia (55 BC–34 BC)
• Cappadocia - Ariarathes X, King of Cappadocia (42 BC–36 BC)
• Characene - Attambelos I, King of Characene (47 BC–24 BC)
• Commagene - Antiochus I, King of Commagene (70 BC–38 BC)
• Ancient Egypt
  • Cleopatra VII, Pharaoh of Egypt (51 BC–30 BC)
  • Caesarion, Pharaoh of Egypt (44 BC–30 BC)
• Judea (Hasmonean)
  • Hyrcanus II, King and High Priest of Judea (63 BC–40 BC)
  • Antigonus II Mattathias, King and High Priest of Judea (40 BC–37 BC)
  • Herod the Great, Roman client Governor of Galilee (47 BC–40 BC)
  • Phasael, Roman client Governor of Jerusalem (47 BC–40 BC)
  • Sh'maya, Nasi (65 BC –31 BC)
• Judea (Herodian) - Herod the Great, Roman client King of the Jews (40 BC–4 BC)
• Nabatea - Malichus I, King of Nabatea (60 BC–30 BC)
• Osroene - Ma'nu II, King of Osroene (52 BC–34 BC)
• Parthian Empire - Orodes II, Emperor of Parthia (57 BC–38 BC)