List of sovereign states in 1945
Sovereign states by year | ||
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List of sovereign states in 1944 | Events of 1945 | List of sovereign states in 1946 |
This is a list of every sovereign state that existed in the year 1945 AD and their capitals. It includes not only those states which had widespread international recognition, but also those states which were generally unrecognized. In addition, it includes all non-sovereign territories which were not integral parts of sovereign states.
Sovereign states
League of Nations member states are indicated by [LoN]
United Nations member states are indicated by [UN]
A
- Afghanistan - Kingdom of Afghanistan [LoN]
Capital: Kabul - Albania - Democratic Government of Albania
Capital: Tirana - Andorra - Principality of Andorra
Capital: Andorra la Vella - Argentina - Argentine Republic [LoN to December 27], [UN from December 27]
Capital: Buenos Aires - Australia - Commonwealth of Australia [LoN to November 1], [UN from November 1]
Capital: Canberra
B
- Belgium - Kingdom of Belgium [LoN to October 24], [UN from October 24]
Capital: Brussels - Bolivia - Republic of Bolivia [UN from November 13]
Capital: Sucre (official), La Paz (administrative) - Brazil - Republic of the United States of Brazil [UN from October 24]
Capital: Rio de Janeiro - Bulgaria - Kingdom of Bulgaria [LoN]
Capital: Sofia
C
- Canada - Dominion of Canada [LoN to November 9], [UN from November 9]
Capital: Ottawa - Chile - Republic of Chile [LoN to October 24], [UN from October 24]
Capital: Santiago - China - Republic of China ,[LoN to October 24] [UN from October 24]
Capital: Chongqing (to September 2), Nanking (from September 2) - Colombia - Republic of Colombia [LoN to November 5], [UN from November 5]
Capital: Bogotá - Costa Rica - Republic of Costa Rica [LoN to November 2], [UN from November 2]
Capital: San José - Cuba - Republic of Cuba [LoN to October 24], [UN from October 24]
Capital: Havana - Czechoslovakia - Czechoslovak Republic (from April 3) [UN from October 24]
Capital: Prague
D
- Denmark - Kingdom of Denmark (from May 5) [LoN to October 24], [UN from October 24]
Capital: Copenhagen - Dominican Republic [LoN to October 24], [UN from October 24]
Capital: Santo Domingo
E
- Ecuador - Republic of Ecuador [LoN to December 21], [UN from December 21]
Capital: Quito - Egypt - Kingdom of Egypt [LoN to October 24], [UN from October 24]
Capital: Cairo - El Salvador - Republic of El Salvador
Capital: San Salvador - Ethiopia - Ethiopian Empire [LoN to November 13], [UN from November 13]
Capital: Addis Ababa
F
- Finland - Republic of Finland [LoN]
Capital: Helsinki - France - Provisional Government of the French Republic [LoN to October 24], [UN from October 24]
Capital: Paris
G
- Germany - Greater German Reich (to May 8)
Capital: Berlin - Greece - Kingdom of Greece [LoN to October 25], [UN from October 25]
Capital: Athens - Guatemala - Republic of Guatemala [UN from November 21]
Capital: Guatemala City
H
- Haiti - Republic of Haiti [UN from October 24]
Capital: Port-au-Prince - Honduras - Republic of Honduras [UN from December 17]
Capital: Tegucigalpa - Hungary - Kingdom of Hungary (from March 8)
Capital: Budapest
I
- Iceland - Republic of Iceland
Capital: Reykjavík - Indonesia - Republic of Indonesia (from 17 August)
Capital: Djakarta - Iran - Imperial State of Iran [LoN to October 24], [UN from October 24]
Capital: Tehran - Iraq - Kingdom of Iraq [LoN to December 21], [UN from December 21]
Capital: Baghdad - Ireland [LoN]
Capital: Dublin - Italy - Kingdom of Italy
Capital: Rome
J
L
- Lebanon - Lebanese Republic [UN from October 24]
Capital: Beirut - Liberia - Republic of Liberia [LoN to November 2], [UN from November 2]
Capital: Monrovia - Liechtenstein - Principality of Liechtenstein
Capital: Vaduz - Luxembourg - Grand Duchy of Luxembourg [UN from October 24]
Capital: Luxembourg City
M
- Mexico - United Mexican States [LoN to November 7], [UN from November 7]
Capital: Mexico City - Monaco - Principality of Monaco
Capital: Monaco-Ville - Mongolia - Mongolian People's Republic
Capital: Ulaanbaatar
N
- Nepal - Kingdom of Nepal
Capital: Kathmandu - Netherlands - Kingdom of the Netherlands (from May 5) [LoN to December 10], [UN from December 10]
Capital: Amsterdam (official), The Hague (seat of government) - New Zealand - Dominion of New Zealand (Dominion of the British Empire) [LoN to October 24], [UN from October 24]
Capital: Wellington - Nicaragua - Republic of Nicaragua [UN from October 24]
Capital: Managua - Norway - Kingdom of Norway (from May 9) [LoN to October 24], [UN from October 24]
Capital: Oslo
P
- Panama - Republic of Panama [LoN to November 14], [UN from November 14]
Capital: Panama City - Paraguay - Republic of Paraguay [LoN to October 24], [UN from October 24]
Capital: Asunción - Peru - Peruvian Republic [UN from October 31]
Capital: Lima - Poland - Republic of Poland [LoN to October 24], [UN from October 24]
Capital: Warsaw - Portugal - Portuguese Republic [LoN]
Capital: Lisbon
R
S
- San Marino - Most Serene Republic of San Marino
Capital: City of San Marino - Saudi Arabia - Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [UN from October 24]
Capital: Riyadh - South Africa - Union of South Africa [LoN to November 7], [UN from November 7]
Capital: Pretoria (administrative), Cape Town (legislative), Bloemfontein (judicial) - Soviet Union - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Including two non-sovereign UN members) [UN from October 24]
Capital: Moscow- Byelorussia - Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic [UN from October 24]
Capital: Minsk - Ukraine - Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic [UN from October 24]
Capital: Kiev
- Byelorussia - Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic [UN from October 24]
- Spain - Spanish State
Capital: Madrid - Sweden - Kingdom of Sweden [LoN]
Capital: Stockholm - Switzerland - Swiss Confederation [LoN]
Capital: Bern - Syria - Syrian Republic [UN from October 24]
Capital: Damascus
T
- Thailand - Kingdom of Thailand [LoN]
Capital: Bangkok - Turkey - Republic of Turkey [LoN to October 24], [UN from October 24]
Capital: Ankara
U
- United Kingdom - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [LoN to October 24], [UN from October 24]
Capital: London - United States - United States of America [UN from October 24]
Capital: Washington, D.C. - Uruguay - Oriental Republic of Uruguay [LoN to December 18], [UN from December 18]
Capital: Montevideo
V
- Vatican City - Vatican City State
Capital: Vatican City - Venezuela - United States of Venezuela
Capital: Caracas
Y
- Yemen - Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen
Capital: Sana'a - Yugoslavia - Democratic Federal Yugoslavia, Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia [UN from October 24]
Capital: Belgrade
Occupied states
- Austria - Republic of Austria (from April 27)
Capital: Vienna - Germany (from May 8)
Capital: Berlin - Japan - Empire of Japan (from September 8)
Capital: Tokyo
Other states
In 1945, there were fourteen states which were not recognized as sovereign by a majority of countries.
- Burma - State of Burma (to March 27)
Capital: Rangoon- De facto independent state under Japanese occupation. Recognized by the Axis powers and Vatican City. Claimed by the United Kingdom as part of the Indian Empire.
- Cambodia - Kingdom of Cambodia (from March 18 to October 16)
Capital: Phnom Penh- De facto independent state under Japanese occupation. Recognized by Japan and her puppet states. Claimed by France as part of French Indochina.
- NDH - Independent State of Croatia (to May 8)
Capital: Zagreb- De facto independent state. Recognized by the members of the Anti-Comintern Pact and Argentina. Claimed by Yugoslavia.
- East Turkestan - East Turkestan Republic
Capital: Ghulja- De facto independent state. Claimed by the Republic of China. Not recognized by any other state.
- Hungary -Kingdom of Hungary (to March 8)
Capital: Budapest- Fascist dictatorship under German occupation. Recognized by Germany and her puppet states.
- Indonesia - Republic of Indonesia (from August 17)
Capital: Djakarta- De facto independent state. Not recognized by any other state. Claimed by the Netherlands as dependency.
- Laos - Kingdom of Laos (from April 8 to September 23)
Capital: Vientiane- De facto independent state under Japanese occupation. Recognized by Japan and her puppet states. Claimed by France as part of French Indochina.
- Manchukuo - Great Empire of Manchuria (to August 15)
Capital: Hsinking- De facto independent state. Recognized by 23 of members of the League of Nations. Claimed by the Republic of China.
- Nanjing - Republic of China (to September 9)
Capital: Nanking- De facto independent state. Recognized by the members of the Anti-Comintern Pact. Claimed by the Republic of China.
- Philippines
- Philippines - Republic of the Philippines (to August 17)
Capital: Manila, Baguio, Tokyo.- De facto independent state under Japanese occupation. Recognized by Japan and her puppet states. Claimed by the Commonwealth of the Philippines.
- Philippine Commonwealth - Commonwealth of the Philippines[UN from October 24]
Capital: Manila[1][2]- In exile until August 17, semi-independent self-governing commonwealth of the United States. Claimed by the Republic of the Philippines.
- Philippines - Republic of the Philippines (to August 17)
- Salò Italy - Italian Social Republic (to April 25)
Capital: Salò (de facto)- Puppet state under German occupation. Recognized by Germany and her puppet states. Claimed by the Kingdom of Italy.
- Slovakia - Slovak Republic (to April 4)
Capital: Bratislava- De facto independent state under German "protection". Recognized by 15 other states. Claimed by Czechoslovakia.
- Tibet
Capital: Lhasa- De facto independent state. Claimed by the Republic of China. Not recognized by any other state.
- Vietnam
- Empire of Vietnam (from March 11 to August 23)
Capital: Huế- De facto independent state under Japanese occupation. Recognized by Japan and her puppet states. Claimed by France as part of French Indochina.
- Democratic Republic of Vietnam (from September 2)
Capital: Hanoi- De facto independent state. Claimed by France as part of French Indochina. Not recognized by any other state.
- Empire of Vietnam (from March 11 to August 23)
Non-Sovereign Territories
Australia
- Australian Antarctic Territory (Uninhabited external territory)
- Norfolk Island (External territory)
Capital: Kingston - Papua (External territory)
Capital: Canberra
Belgium
- Belgian Congo (Colony)
Capital: Léopoldville (Leopoldstad)
Condominiums
- Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Anglo-Egyptian condominium)
Capital: Khartoum - Canton and Enderbury Islands (Anglo-American condominium)
- New Hebrides (Anglo-French condominium)
Capital: Port Vila
Denmark
- Greenland (Self-governing possession under United States protection, to May 5; possession, from May 5)
Capital: Godthåb
France
- Adélie Land (Uninhabited possession)
- Clipperton Island (Uninhabited possession, from 1945)
- Fezzan (Occupied territory)
Capital: Sabha - French Equatorial Africa (Colony)
Capital: Brazzaville - French Guiana (Colony)
Capital: Cayenne - French India - French Establishments in India (Colony)
Capital: Pondichéry - French Indochina (Federation of protectorates, from August 15)
Capital: Hanoi - French Oceania - French Establishments in Oceania (Colony)
Capital: Papeete - French Somaliland (Colony)
Capital: Ville de Djibouti - French West Africa (Colony)
Capital: Dakar - Guadeloupe (Colony)
Capital: Basse-Terre - Inini (Colony)
Capital: Saint-Élie - Madagascar (Colony)
Capital: Tananarive - Martinique (Colony)
Capital: Fort-de-France - Morocco - Sultanate of Morocco (de jure sovereign state under French and Spanish protectorate)[3][4]
Capital: Rabat - New Caledonia - New Caledonia and Dependencies (Colony)
Capital: Nouméa - Réunion (Colony)
Capital: Saint-Denis - Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Colony)
Capital: Saint-Pierre - Shanghai (Concession, from September)
- Tientsin (Concession, from September)
- Tunisia - Tunisian Realm (Protectorate)
Capital: Tunis
Germany
- Bohemia and Moravia - Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (Autonomous protectorate, to May 13)
Capital: Prag - Channel Islands (Occupied territory, to March 20)
Capital: Saint Helier - Denmark (Occupied territory, to May 5)
Capital: Copenhagen - Dodecanese Islands (, Occupied territory, to May 7)
Capital: Rhodes - General Government (Autonomous territory, to January 17)
Capital: Krakau - Netherlands - Netherlands Reich Commission (Civil administration, to May 5)
Capital: Amsterdam - Norway - Norway Reich Commission (Civil administration, to May 9)
Capital: Oslo
Japan
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Occupied territory, from August 18 to October 7)
Capital: Port Blair - Banaba Island (Occupied territory, to October 10)
Capital: Tabiang - Boruneo Kita (Occupied territory, to September 10)
Capital: Elopura - Korea (Dependency, to August 15)
Capital: Seoul - Christmas Island (Occupied territory, to October)
Capital: Flying Fish Cove - Hong Kong - Hong Kong Occupied Territory (Occupied territory, to August 16)
Capital: Kowloon - Indochina (to April 8)
Capital: Hanoi - Indonesia (Occupied territory, to August 17)
Capital: Batavia - Kwantung - Kwantung Leased Territory (Concession, to August 22)
Capital: Dalian - Malaya (Occupied territory, to September 12)
Capital: Kuala Lumpur - Nauru (Occupied territory, to September 13)
Capital: Yaren - Otori Jima (Occupied territory, to September 4)
- Syonan-to (Occupied territory, to September 12)
Capital: Syonan-to - Taiwan (Dependency, to October 25)
Capital: Taihoku - Tientsin (Concession, to September)
- Timor (Occupied territory, to September 11)
Capital: Dili
League of Nations Mandates
- British Cameroons (administered by the United Kingdom)
Capital: Buea - British Togoland (Administered by the United Kingdom)
Capital: Ho - French Cameroons (administered by France)
Capital: Douala - French Togoland (Administered by France)
Capital: Lomé - Nauru (Administered by Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom, from September 15)
Capital: Yaren - New Guinea - Territory of New Guinea (Administered by Australia)
Capital: Canberra - Palestine (Administered by the United Kingdom)
Capital: Jerusalem- Transjordan - Emirate of Transjordan (Administered by the United Kingdom)
Capital: Amman
- Transjordan - Emirate of Transjordan (Administered by the United Kingdom)
- Ruanda-Urundi (Administered by Belgium)
Capital: Usumbura - South Pacific Mandate (Administered by Japan)
Capital: Koror - South-West Africa (Administered by South Africa)
Capital: Windhoek - Tanganyika - Tanganyika Territory (Administered by the United Kingdom)
Capital: Dar es Salaam - Western Samoa (Administered by New Zealand)
Capital: Apia
Netherlands
- Curaçao and Dependencies (Colony, loyal to the government-in-exile, to May 5)
Capital: Willemstad - Surinam (Colony, loyal to the government-in-exile, to May 5)
Capital: Paramaribo - Netherlands New Guinea (Colony, from December 29)
Capital: Hollandia
New Zealand
- Cook Islands (Dependent territory)
Capital: Avarua - Niue Island (Dependent territory)
Capital: Alofi - Ross Dependency (Uninhabited dependent territory)
- Union Islands (Dependent territory)
Norway
- Bouvet Island (Uninhabited possession, from May 9)
- Peter I Island (Uninhabited possession, from May 9)
- Queen Maud Land (Uninhabited possession, from May 9)
Portugal
- Cape Verde Islands (Colony)
Capital: Praia - Macau (Colony)
- Portuguese East Africa (Colony)
Capital: Lourenço Marques - Portuguese Guinea (Colony)
Capital: Bissau - Portuguese India - Portuguese State of India (Colony)
Capital: Nova Goa - Portuguese Timor (Colony, from September 11)
Capital: Dili - Portuguese West Africa (Colony)
Capital: Luanda - São João Baptista de Ajudá - Fort of São João Baptista de Ajudá (Possession)
- São Tomé and Príncipe (Colony)
Capital: São Tomé
Soviet Union
- Azerbaijan - Azerbaijan People's Government (from November)
Capital: Tabriz - Korea, North - People's Republic of Korea (from August 15 to September 15)
Capital: Seoul - Manchuria (from August 15)
Capital: Hsinking
Spain
- Ifni (Colony)
Capital: Sidi Ifni - Spanish Guinea (Colony)
Capital: Santa Isabel - Morocco - Sultanate of Morocco (Spanish protectorate in Morocco) (de jure sovereign state under French and Spanish protectorate)[3][4]
Capital: Tétouan - Spanish Sahara (Colony)
Capital: El Aaiún
United Kingdom
- Aden - Aden Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
Capital: Aden - Bahama Islands (Crown colony)
Capital: Nassau - Bahrain - State of Bahrain (Protectorate)
Capital: Manama - Barbados (Crown colony)
Capital: Bridgetown - Basutoland - Territory of Basutoland (Crown colony)
Capital: Maseru - Bechuanaland - Bechuanaland Protectorate (Protectorate)
Capital: Mafeking - Bermuda (Crown colony)
Capital: Hamilton - Bhutan - Kingdom of Bhutan (Independent state under Treaty of Punakha)
Capital: Thimphu - British Guiana (Crown colony)
Capital: Georgetown - British Honduras (Crown colony)
Capital: Belize Town - British Leeward Islands - Federal Colony of the Leeward Islands (Crown colony)
Capital: St. John's - British Somaliland - British Somaliland Protectorate (Protectorate)
Capital: Hargeisa - British Western Pacific Territories (Crown colony)
Capital: Suva - British Windward Islands - Federal Colony of the Windward Islands (Crown colony)
Capital: St. George's - Brunei - State of Brunei (Protectorate, from June 14)
Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan - Burma (Crown colony, from March 27)
Capital: Rangoon - Ceylon (Crown colony)
Capital: Sri Jayawardenapura-Kotte - Cyprus (Crown colony)
Capital: Nicosia - Cyrenaica (Occupied territory)
Capital: Benghazi - Eritrea (Occupied territory)
Capital: Asmara - Falkland Islands (Crown colony)
Capital: Stanley - Faroe Islands (Occupied territory, to September 16)
Capital: Tórshavn - Federated Malay States (Protectorate, from September 12)
Capital: Kuala Lampur - Gambia - Gambia Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
Capital: Banjul - Gibraltar (Crown colony)
Capital: Gibraltar - Gold Coast (Crown colony)
Capital: Accra - Guernsey - Bailiwick of Guernsey (Crown dependency, from March 20)
Capital: Saint Peter Port - Heard Island and McDonald Islands (Uninhabited possession)
- Hong Kong (Crown colony, from August 28)
Capital: Hong Kong - India - Indian Empire (Crown colony) [UN from October 30]
Capital: New Dehli - Isle of Man (Crown dependency)
Capital: Douglas - Italian Somaliland (Occupied territory)
Capital: Mogadiscio - Jamaica (Crown colony)
Capital: Kingston - Jersey - Bailiwick of Jersey (Crown dependency, from March 20)
Capital: Saint Helier - Johor - State of Johor Darul Ta'zim (Protectorate, from September 12)
Capital: Johor Bahru (administrative), Pasir Pelangi (royal) - Kedah - State of Kedah Darul Aman (Protectorate, from September 8)
Capital: Alor Setar - Kelantan - State of Kelantan Darul Naim (Protectorate, from September 8)
Capital: Kota Bharu - Kenya - Kenya Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
Capital: Nairobi - Kuwait - State of Kuwait (Protectorate)
Capital: Kuwait City - Maldive Islands - Sultanate of the Maldive Islands (Protectorate)
Capital: Malé - Malta (Crown colony)
Capital: Valletta - Mauritius (Crown colony)
Capital: Port Louis - Muscat and Oman - Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (State under the informal protection)
Capital: Muscat - Newfoundland - Dominion of Newfoundland (Crown colony)
Capital: St. John's - Nigeria - Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria (Crown colony and protectorate)
Capital: Abuja - North Borneo (Crown colony, from September 10)
Capital: Jesselton - Northern Rhodesia - Protectorate of Northern Rhodesia (Protectorate)
Capital: Lusaka - Nyasaland - Nyasaland Protectorate (Protectorate)
Capital: Zomba - Perlis - State of Perlis Indera Kayangan (Protectorate, from September 8)
Capital: Kangar (administrative), Arau (royal) - Qatar - State of Qatar (Protectorate)
Capital: Doha - Saint Helena (Crown colony)
Capital: Jamestown - Sarawak - Kingdom of Sarawak (Protectorate, from September 10)
Capital: Kuching - Seychelles (Crown colony)
Capital: Victoria - Sierra Leone - Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate)
Capital: Freetown - Southern Rhodesia - Colony of Southern Rhodesia (Crown colony)
Capital: Salisbury - Straits Settlements (Crown colony, from September 12)
Capital: Singapore - Suez Canal Zone (Crown colony)
- Swaziland - Swaziland Protectorate (Protectorate)
Capital: Mbabane (administrative), Lobamba (legislative) - Terengganu - State of Terengganu Darul Iman (Protectorate, from September 8)
Capital: Kuala Terengganu - Trinidad and Tobago (Crown colony)
Capital: Port of Spain - Tripolitania (Occupied territory)
Capital: Tripoli - Trucial States (Protectorate)
Capital: Abu Dhabi - Uganda (Crown colony)
Capital: Kampala - Zanzibar - Sultanate of Zanzibar (Protectorate)
Capital: Zanzibar City
United States
- Alaska - Alaska Territory (Territory)
Capital: Juneau - American Samoa - Territory of American Samoa (Territory)
Capital: Pago Pago - Baker Island (Uninhabited territory)
- Bonin Islands (Occupied territory, from September 3)
- Clipperton Island (Occupied territory, to 1945)
- Guam - Territory of Guam (Unincorporated territory)
Capital: Agana - Hawaii - Territory of Hawaii (Unincorporated territory)
Capital: Honolulu - Howland Island (Uninhabited territory)
- Jarvis Island (Uninhabited territory)
- Johnston Atoll (Uninhabited territory)
- Kingman Reef (Uninhabited territory)
- South Korea (Occupied territory, from 1945)
- Midway Atoll (Uninhabited territory)
- Navassa Island (Uninhabited territory)
- Palmyra Atoll (Unincorporated organized territory)
- Panama Canal Zone (Territory)
Capital: Balboa - Puerto Rico (Territory)
Capital: San Juan - Ryukyu Islands - United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands (Occupied territory, from April 3)
- United States Virgin Islands (Territory)
Capital: Charlotte Amalie - Volcano Islands (Occupied territory, from September 3)
- Wake Island (Uninhabited territory, from September 4)
See also
References
- ↑ "Avalon Project - A Decade of American Foreign Policy 1941-1949 - Interim Meeting of Foreign Ministers, Moscow". avalon.law.yale.edu. Retrieved 2015-03-09.
- ↑ "countries involved in World War Two". century-of-flight.net. Retrieved 2015-03-09.
- 1 2 Bedjaoui, M. (1991). International Law: Achievements and Prospects. UNESCO. p. 51. ISBN 9789231027161. Retrieved 2015-03-09.
- 1 2 Capaldo, G.Z.; Justice, I.C. (1995). Repertory of Decisions of the International Court of Justice (1947-1992). M. Nijhoff Publishers. p. 453. ISBN 9780792329930. Retrieved 2015-03-09.
External links
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