List of ranchos of California

This is a list of California land grants made by Spanish (1784–1810) and Mexican (1819–1846) authorities of Las Californias and Alta California, to private individuals before California became part of the United States of America.^[1] Following the Mexican-American War, the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the land grants would be honored. The Public Land Commission, established to review land grant claims, heard 813 cases involving private land claims; 604 claims were confirmed; 190 rejected; and the rest were withdrawn. Of these 813 cases, only three of the Board's were conclusive; the rest were appealed to the U.S. District Court. When California was admitted as a state in 1850, the US District Court of California was divided into two districts, the Northern and the Southern.^[2][3][4][5] A significant number of claims were finally decided by the US Supreme Court.^[6][7]

Alta California ranchos in Mexico

From 1773 to 1836, the border between Alta California and Baja California was about 30 miles south of the U.S.-Mexico border drawn by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo that ended the Mexican-American War in 1848.

Under the Siete Leyes constitutional reforms of 1836, the Alta California and Baja California territories were recombined into a single Las Californias "department", with a single governor. None of the rancho grants near the former border, however, were made after 1836, so none of them straddled the pre-1836 territorial border.

The end result of the shifting borders is that some of the ranchos in this list, created by pre-1836 governors, are located partially or entirely in a 30-mile-wide sliver of the former Alta California that is now in Mexico rather than in the U.S. state of California. Since those ranchos remained in Mexico, in today's Mexican state of Baja California, the grants were not subject to review by the Public Land Commission except for Rancho Tijuan that had claimed part of its lands were on the American side of the border.

List of ranchos of California