List of power stations in Sri Lanka

The installed electrical capacity and production of Sri Lanka by sources, from 2000 to 2014. Over 50% of the capacity was met via hydropower in 2000–2010.

Sri Lanka's electricity demand is currently met by nine thermal power stations, fifteen large hydroelectric power stations, and fifteen wind farms, with a smaller share from small hydro facilities, and other renewables such as solar. Most hydroelectric and thermal/fossil fuel based power stations in the country are owned and/or operated by the government or the state-run Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB), while the renewable energy sector consists mostly of privately run plants operating with a 10–20 year power purchase agreement.[1]

Per CEB's 2014 generation report, the country had a total combined installed generation capacity of 3,932 megawatts (MW), of which 2,115MW (53.8%) was from thermal (900MW/22.9% from coal and 1,215MW/30.9% from fuel oil), 1,665MW (42.3%) from hydroelectricity, and the remaining 152MW (3.9%) from other renewable sources such as small hydro, wind, biomass, and solar. These generation sources produced a total of 12,357GWh of electricity during that year, of which 7,508GWh (60.8%), 4,534GWh (36.7%), and 315GWh (2.5%) was from thermal, hydro, and other renewables, respectively.[1]

Non-renewable

Lakvijaya Power Station
Kelanitissa Power Station
Sampur Power Station
Yugadanavi Power Station
Sapugaskanda Power Station
Colombo Port Power Station
Asia Power Sapugaskanda Power Station
Northern Power Station
Lakdhanavi Power Station
Uthuru Janani Power Station
Bowatenna Dam
Broadlands Dam
Canyon Dam
Castlereigh Dam
Deduru Oya Dam
Gal Oya Dam
Kotmale Dam
Kukule Ganga Dam
Laxapana Dam
Maskeliya Dam
Moragahakanda Dam
Nilambe Dam
Norton Dam
Polgolla Barrage
Randenigala Dam
Rantembe Dam
Samanala Dam
Udawalawe Dam
Upper Kotmale Dam
Victoria Dam
Ambewela Aitken Spence Wind Farm
Hambantota Wind Farm
Madurankuliya Wind Farm
Mampuri Wind Farms
Mannar Island Wind Farm
Nala Danavi Wind Farm
Nirmalapura Wind Farms
Pawan Danavi Wind Farm
Pollupalai and Vallimunai Wind Farms
Seguwantivu and Vidatamunai Wind Farms
Uppudaluwa Wind Farm
Willwind Wind Farm
Hambantota Solar Power Station
Thirappane Solar Power Station
Current and future power stations in Sri Lanka. Hover/click on pogs to view the power station name/open the corresponding article. Thermal/fossil-fuel power stations - Thermal. Hydroelectric power stations - Hydro. Wind farms - Wind. Solar farms - Solar.

As of 2015, 1,464 megawatts of the total thermal installed capacity was from state-owned fossil fuel power stations; 900MW from Lakvijaya, 380MW from the state-owned portion of Kelanitissa, 160MW from Sapugaskanda, and 24MW from Uthuru Janani. An additional 500MW will be added to the total state-owned capacity after the late 2017 completion of the Sampur Power Station, which is being built with provisions to add a further 500MW in the future. The remaining 641MW of the installed thermal capacity are from six privately owned power stations. All thermal power stations run on fuel oil, except Lakvijaya and Sampur, which run on coal.[2][3]

In an attempt to lower the current consumer tariff for electricity, the government has decided not to renew the power purchase agreements of privately owned thermal power stations when their licences expire, as it has done with the six now-decommissioned private power producers listed below.[4] The government will utilize the new Sampur plant combined with new renewable sources to accommodate the lost private-sector capacity, with plans to introduce nuclear power after 2030.[5]

The Ministry of Power and Renewable Energy also made a statement that no more coal-fired power stations will be commissioned after Sampur, making it and Lakvijaya the only two coal power stations in the country. Any future thermal power stations will also be natural gas-run, to reduce the nation's carbon footprint.[6]

Coal-fired power stations in Sri Lanka
Station Owner Location Closest city Capacity (MW) Status Ref
Lakvijaya Government 08°01′06″N 79°43′22″E / 8.01833°N 79.72278°E / 8.01833; 79.72278 (Lakvijaya Power Station) Puttalam 900 Operational [2][3]
Sampur Government 08°29′10″N 81°18′00″E / 8.48611°N 81.30000°E / 8.48611; 81.30000 (Sampur Power Station) Trincomalee 500 Under construction [7]
Oil-fired power stations in Sri Lanka
Station Owner Location Closest city Capacity (MW) Status Ref
Kelanitissa complex Mixed 06°57′08″N 79°52′44″E / 6.95222°N 79.87889°E / 6.95222; 79.87889 (Kelanitissa Power Station) Colombo 550 Operational [2][3]
Yugadanavi Private 07°00′40″N 79°52′30″E / 7.01111°N 79.87500°E / 7.01111; 79.87500 (Yugadanavi Power Station) Kerawalapitiya 300 Operational [3][8][9]
Sapugaskanda Government 06°57′39″N 79°57′40″E / 6.96083°N 79.96111°E / 6.96083; 79.96111 (Sapugaskanda Power Station) Sapugaskanda 160 Operational [2][3]
Embilipitiya Private 06°17′06″N 80°50′56″E / 6.28500°N 80.84889°E / 6.28500; 80.84889 (Embilipitiya Power Station) Embilipitiya 100 Decommissioned [4]
Heladhanavi Private 08°00′46″N 79°52′13″E / 8.01278°N 79.87028°E / 8.01278; 79.87028 (Heladhanavi Power Station) Puttalam 100 Decommissioned [4]
Colombo Port Private 06°57′12″N 79°51′21″E / 6.95333°N 79.85583°E / 6.95333; 79.85583 (Colombo Port Power Station) Colombo 60 Operational [3][10]
Asia Power Sapugaskanda Private 06°57′22″N 79°56′54″E / 6.95611°N 79.94833°E / 6.95611; 79.94833 (Asia Power Sapugaskanda Power Station) Sapugaskanda 51 Operational [3]
Northern Power Private 09°44′19″N 80°02′04″E / 9.73861°N 80.03444°E / 9.73861; 80.03444 (Northern Power Station) Chunnakam 36 Operational [3]
Ace Horana Private 06°43′57″N 80°08′17″E / 6.73250°N 80.13806°E / 6.73250; 80.13806 (Ace Horana Power Station) Horana 25 Decommissioned [11]
Ace Matara Private 05°59′07″N 80°33′49″E / 5.98528°N 80.56361°E / 5.98528; 80.56361 (Ace Matara Power Station) Matara 25 Decommissioned [4][11]
Lakdhanavi Private 06°57′28″N 79°57′03″E / 6.95778°N 79.95083°E / 6.95778; 79.95083 (Lakdhanavi Power Station) Sapugaskanda 24 Operational [3]
Uthuru Janani Government 09°44′27″N 80°02′00″E / 9.74083°N 80.03333°E / 9.74083; 80.03333 (Uthuru Janani Power Station) Chunnakam 24 Operational [3]
Aggreko Private 09°44′25″N 80°02′06″E / 9.74028°N 80.03500°E / 9.74028; 80.03500 (Aggreko Power Station) Chunnakam 20 Decommissioned [3]
Koolair Private 09°48′40″N 80°02′07″E / 9.81111°N 80.03528°E / 9.81111; 80.03528 (Koolair Power Station) Kankesanthurai 20 Decommissioned [3]
Chunnakam Government 09°44′30″N 80°02′03″E / 9.74167°N 80.03417°E / 9.74167; 80.03417 (Chunnakam Power Station) Chunnakam 14 Decommissioned [3]

Renewable

Hydroelectric

The Victoria Dam fuels the single largest hydroelectric power station in the country, with 210MW of installed capacity. Shown here is the dam during dry season, 2011.
The Upper Kotmale Dam under construction in April 2011. The dam is now complete and powers its 150MW power station located 13km away.
The Randenigala Dam as seen from the Rantembe Reservoir in December 2012. The Rantembe Dam is located just 3km downstream of Randenigala.

Hydroelectricity had played a very significant role in the national installed power capacity since it was introduced in the 1950s–1990s, with over 50% of the total grid capacity met by hydroelectricity in 2000–2010. Hydroelectricity was popularized as early as the 1920s by Devapura Jayasena Wimalasurendra, who is considered as the "Father of Hydropower" in Sri Lanka. It lost its majority share on the power grid when further thermal power stations were introduced in 2010. The hydropower resource in Sri Lanka is divided into three main regions based on water resource, namely the Mahaweli Complex, Laxapana Complex, and Samanala Complex.[12][13] The following table lists all the state-run hydroelectric power stations.

While most hydroelectric power stations are named after their water source (i.e. the name of the dam and/or reservoir), a number of facilities have different names due to the fact that they are located larger distances apart (connected via underground penstocks). Further information on each power station is included in the corresponding water source article (i.e. dam). Privately owned "small-hydro" facilities (which are limited to a maximum nameplate capacity of 10 MW by state policy), are excluded from this list.

Hydroelectric power stations in Sri Lanka
Water
source
Name of
power station
Region Capacity
(MW)
Geo-location of
power station
Comm. Status Ref
Victoria Victoria Mahaweli 210 07°12′00″N 80°48′21″E / 7.20000°N 80.80583°E / 7.20000; 80.80583 (Victoria Power Station) 1984-10-00 Operational [2][3][14]
Kotmale Kotmale Mahaweli 201 07°07′41″N 80°34′42″E / 7.12806°N 80.57833°E / 7.12806; 80.57833 (Kotmale Power Station) 1985-04-00 Operational [2][3]
Upper Kotmale Upper Kotmale Mahaweli 150 07°02′32″N 80°39′24″E / 7.04222°N 80.65667°E / 7.04222; 80.65667 (Upper Kotmale Power Station) 2011-00-00 Operational [2][3][15]
Randenigala Randenigala Mahaweli 126 07°12′08″N 80°55′35″E / 7.20222°N 80.92639°E / 7.20222; 80.92639 (Randenigala Power Station) 1986-07-00 Operational [2][3]
Samanala Samanala Samanala 124 06°35′03″N 80°48′29″E / 6.58417°N 80.80806°E / 6.58417; 80.80806 (Samanala Hydropower Station) 1992-10-00 Operational [2][3]
Canyon New Laxapana Laxapana 100 06°55′05″N 80°29′31″E / 6.91806°N 80.49194°E / 6.91806; 80.49194 (New Laxapana Power Station) 1983-03-00 Operational [2][3]
Kukule Ganga Kukule Ganga Samanala 80 06°37′00″N 80°16′33″E / 6.61667°N 80.27583°E / 6.61667; 80.27583 (Kukule Ganga Power Station) 2003-07-00 Operational [2][3]
Laxapana Polpitiya Laxapana 75 06°58′40″N 80°27′24″E / 6.97778°N 80.45667°E / 6.97778; 80.45667 (Polpitiya Power Station) 1974-02-00 Operational [2][3]
Maskeliya Canyon Laxapana 60 06°52′09″N 80°31′40″E / 6.86917°N 80.52778°E / 6.86917; 80.52778 (Canyon Power Station) 1983-03-00 Operational [2][3]
Rantembe Rantembe Mahaweli 52 07°12′00″N 80°57′00″E / 7.20000°N 80.95000°E / 7.20000; 80.95000 (Rantembe Dam and Power Station) 1990-01-00 Operational [2][3]
Castlereigh Wimalasurendra Laxapana 50 06°54′31″N 80°31′30″E / 6.90861°N 80.52500°E / 6.90861; 80.52500 (Wimalasurendra Power Station) 1965-01-00 Operational [2][3]
Norton Old Laxapana Laxapana 50 06°55′07″N 80°29′30″E / 6.91861°N 80.49167°E / 6.91861; 80.49167 (Old Laxapana Power Station) 1950-12-00 Operational [2][3]
Bowatenna Bowatenna Mahaweli 40 07°39′51″N 80°40′38″E / 7.66417°N 80.67722°E / 7.66417; 80.67722 (Bowatenna Power Station) 1981-01-00 Operational [2][3]
Polgolla Ukuwela Mahaweli 40 07°23′56″N 80°39′08″E / 7.39889°N 80.65222°E / 7.39889; 80.65222 (Ukuwela Power Station) 1976-07-00 Operational [2][3]
Broadlands Broadlands Laxapana 35 (not yet available) 2017-00-00 Under const. [16]
Moragahakanda Moragahakanda Mahaweli 25 (not yet available) 2016-07-00 Under const. [17]
Gal Oya Inginiyagala Samanala 11 07°39′50″N 80°40′39″E / 7.66389°N 80.67750°E / 7.66389; 80.67750 (Inginiyagala Power Station) 1951-00-00 Operational [2][3]
Udawalawe Udawalawe Samanala 6 06°25′55″N 80°51′02″E / 6.43194°N 80.85056°E / 6.43194; 80.85056 (Udawalawe Power Station) 1969-04-00 Operational [2][3]
Nilambe Nilambe Mahaweli 3.2 07°11′48″N 80°36′44″E / 7.19667°N 80.61222°E / 7.19667; 80.61222 (Nilambe Power Station) 1988-07-00 Operational [2][3]
Deduru Oya Deduru Oya Other 1.5 07°43′06″N 80°16′28″E / 7.71833°N 80.27444°E / 7.71833; 80.27444 (Deduru Oya Power Station) 2014-11-21 Operational [18]

Solar power

Solar power is a relatively young segment in the energy industry of Sri Lanka. In 2015, only two grid-connected solar farms were operational, one state-run and the other run by a private company, both of which had an installed capacity of less than 2MW. Despite at least half a dozen private companies applying for development permits for photovoltaic and solar thermal projects,[19] none have actually commenced construction.

Solar farms in Sri Lanka
Solar farm Ownership Location Capacity (MW) Status Ref
Hambantota State-owned 06°13′34″N 81°04′35″E / 6.22611°N 81.07639°E / 6.22611; 81.07639 (Hambantota Solar Power Station) 1.237 Operational [19][20]
Thirappane Ulagalla Walawwa Resort P L 08°12′20″N 80°32′38″E / 8.20556°N 80.54389°E / 8.20556; 80.54389 (Thirappane Solar Power Station) 0.123 Operational [19]

Wind power

Turbines of the Ambewela Aitken Spence Wind Farm as seen from approximately 10km away from Horton Plains National Park.
Wind turbines of the Mampuri and Madurankuliya wind farms. The large building on the right is the 900MW Lakvijaya Power Station.
Close-up view of the turbines of the Uppudaluwa Wind Farm, in 2014.

Sri Lanka's wind power sector saw activity as early as 1988, when studies were conducted to build a pilot wind project in the Southern Province. More than a decade later, the state-owned 3MW Hambantota Wind Farm was commissioned. The industry stayed dormant till 2003, when the National Renewable Energy Laboratory conducted further wind power studies in the island, before which the industry went into dormancy for a further 7 years.[21]

Unlike the other industries, Sri Lanka's wind energy industry witnessed a sudden boom in 2010, with the commissioning of the Mampuri Wind Farms, the first private-sector wind project in the country's history.[22][23] This industry suddenly crashed within the next four years after numerous scandals and hidden political dealings surfaced, involving key governing bodies such as the Sustainable Energy Authority and Ceylon Electricity Board, along with a number of senior individuals.[24]

The last privately owned first-come, first-served style wind farm projects, the Pollupalai and Vallimunai Wind Farms, were completed in late 2014, by when the construction of new privately owned wind farms were suspended until further notice by presidential order.[24] The largest private-sector beneficiaries of the "wind power boom" are Windforce and Senok, which currently own 7 and 3 separate wind farms respectively, of the total of 14 privately owned wind farms in operation as at 2015.[25] The other companies in the market include the semi-private LTL Holdings, Aitken Spence, and Willwind, which are currently operating 4 wind farms in total.[19]

Wind farms in Sri Lanka
Farm Owner Operator Location Capacity (MW) Status Ref
Ambewela Aitken Spence Aitken Spence Ace Wind Power P L 06°50′36″N 80°48′47″E / 6.84333°N 80.81306°E / 6.84333; 80.81306 (Ambewela Aitken Spence Wind Farm) 3 Operational [19][26]
Hambantota CEB CEB 06°08′46″N 81°06′47″E / 6.14611°N 81.11306°E / 6.14611; 81.11306 (Hambantota Wind Farm) 3 Operational [27]
Madurankuliya Windforce P L Daily Life Renewable Energy P L 08°00′46″N 79°43′37″E / 8.01278°N 79.72694°E / 8.01278; 79.72694 (Madurankuliya Wind Farm) 12 Operational [19]
Mampuri-I Senok Senok Wind Power P L 08°00′37″N 79°43′24″E / 8.01028°N 79.72333°E / 8.01028; 79.72333 (Mampuri Wind Farm I) 10 Operational [19][28]
Mampuri-II Senok Senok Wind Energy P L 07°58′35″N 79°43′53″E / 7.97639°N 79.73139°E / 7.97639; 79.73139 (Mampuri Wind Farm II) 10.5 Operational [19][28]
Mampuri-III Senok Senok Wind Resource P L 08°00′35″N 79°43′44″E / 8.00972°N 79.72889°E / 8.00972; 79.72889 (Mampuri Wind Farm III) 10.5 Operational [19][28]
Mannar Island CEB CEB 09°03′01″N 79°47′13″E / 9.05028°N 79.78694°E / 9.05028; 79.78694 (Mannar Island Wind Farm) 100 Proposed [29]
Nala Danavi LTL Holdings Nala Danavi P L 08°05′23″N 79°42′33″E / 8.08972°N 79.70917°E / 8.08972; 79.70917 (Nala Danavi Wind Farm) 4.8 Operational [19][30][31]
Nirmalapura Windforce P L Nirmalapura Wind Power P L 07°57′53″N 79°44′07″E / 7.96472°N 79.73528°E / 7.96472; 79.73528 (Nirmalapura Wind Farm) 10.5 Operational [19][32]
Pawan Danavi LTL Holdings Pawan Danavi P L 08°02′56″N 79°43′08″E / 8.04889°N 79.71889°E / 8.04889; 79.71889 (Pawan Danavi Wind Farm) 10.2 Operational [19]
Pollupalai Windforce P L Joule Power P L 09°34′40″N 80°19′12″E / 9.57778°N 80.32000°E / 9.57778; 80.32000 (Joule Wind Farm) 12 Operational [19][33]
Seguwantivu Windforce P L Seguwantivu Wind Power P L 08°02′48″N 79°48′54″E / 8.04667°N 79.81500°E / 8.04667; 79.81500 (Seguwantivu Wind Farm) 9.6 Operational [19][34]
Uppudaluwa Windforce P L PowerGen Lanka P L 07°58′52″N 79°46′33″E / 7.98111°N 79.77583°E / 7.98111; 79.77583 (Uppudaluwa Wind Farm) 10.5 Operational [19][35]
Vallimunai Windforce P L Beta Power P L 09°33′54″N 80°20′12″E / 9.56500°N 80.33667°E / 9.56500; 80.33667 (Beta Wind Farm) 12 Operational [19][36]
Vidatamunai Windforce P L Vidatamunai Wind Power P L 08°04′00″N 79°47′38″E / 8.06667°N 79.79389°E / 8.06667; 79.79389 (Vidatamunai Wind Farm) 10.4 Operational [19][34]
Willwind Willwind P L Willwind P L 06°36′40″N 80°44′44″E / 6.61111°N 80.74556°E / 6.61111; 80.74556 (Willwind Wind Farm) 0.85 Operational [19]

See also

References

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  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 "PUCSL: Licensing" (PDF). Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  20. "Solar power to be added to national grid by April". Power.lk. February 2011. Retrieved 19 May 2011.
  21. D, Elliott; M, Schwartz; G, Scott; S, Haymes; D, Heimiller; R, George (August 2003). "Wind Energy Resource Atlas of Sri Lanka and the Maldives" (PDF). National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  22. "Rs. 3b Senok wind power project launched in Puttalam". Sunday Observer. 21 March 2010. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  23. Sirimanna, Bandula (21 March 2010). "Harnessing wind energy from Sri Lanka's west coast". The Sunday Times. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
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  26. "Blue chips eye more hydro, wind power plants". DailyNews.lk. 8 June 2011. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
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  28. 1 2 3 Charumini De Silva (18 March 2010). "Senok opens first commercial wind power park". DailyNews.lk. Retrieved 13 October 2012.
  29. "17 Billion Rupees for a 100MW wind power plant project from Samurdhi Bank". Ministry of Power and Renewable Energy. 5 November 2015. Retrieved 20 November 2015.
  30. "SLSEA Energy Permits: Wind Projects". Sri Lanka Sustainable Energy Authority. Retrieved 22 February 2015.
  31. "PUCSL: Intention to Grant Licences". Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka. Retrieved 22 February 2015.
  32. "Project Information - Hayleys Nirmalapura Wind Farm". World Bank. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
  33. "Windforce Power Projects: Joule Power". Windforce.lk. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
  34. 1 2 "Seguwantivu and Vidatamunai Wind Farms". Windpower.lk. Retrieved 13 October 2012.
  35. "PowerGen Wind Power Plant". Windpower.lk. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
  36. "Windforce Power Projects: Beta Power". Windforce.lk. Retrieved 24 October 2015.

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