List of Mayflower passengers

Mayflower in Plymouth Harbor by William Halsall (1882)

This is a list of the passengers on board the Mayflower during its trans-Atlantic voyage of September 6 – November 9, 1620, the majority of them becoming the settlers of Plymouth Colony in what is now Massachusetts. Of the passengers, 37 were members of the separatist Leiden congregation seeking to create a foundation of Christianity according to their own ideology in the New World.^[1] The Mayflower launched with 102 passengers, and a crew headed by Captain Christopher Jones. About half of these emigrants died in the first winter. Many Americans can trace their ancestry back to one or more of these individuals who, 'Saints' and 'Strangers' together, would become known as the Pilgrims.

Thirteen of the eighteen servants listed were attached to Leiden families, the other five were families who boarded in London. Four of those listed were small children, given over by Samuel More to Thomas Weston and then to agents John Carver and Robert Cushman, who assigned them to senior Mayflower Pilgrims to be classed as indentured servants. This was all due to scandal involving the children’s mother and her husband Samuel’s effort to dispose of the children by sending them away to the Colony of Virginia. Long ago, Richard More and his siblings were even thought to have even been parentless London street waifs, but in 1959 a 1622 document revealed their being the product of an adulterous relationship as the reason why the children were sent abroad on the Mayflower.^[2]

Passengers of the Leiden, Holland Congregation

Provincetown memorial to Pilgrims who died in Cape Cod Harbor.

List of Mayflower passengers at the National Monument to the Forefathers

Note: Asterisk on any name indicates those who died in the winter of 1620-21

• Allerton, Isaac (possibly Suffolk).^[3]
  • Mary (Norris) Allerton*, wife (Newbury, Berkshire)^[4]
  • Bartholomew Allerton, 7, son (Leiden, Holland).
  • Remember Allerton, 5, daughter (Leiden).
  • Mary Allerton, 3, daughter (Leiden). In 1699 she was the last of the Mayflower company to die.^[5]
• Bradford, William (Austerfield, Yorkshire).
  • Dorothy (May) Bradford*, wife (Wisbech, Cambridgeshire).
• Brewster, William (possibly Nottingham).^[6]
  • Mary Brewster, wife.
  • Love/Truelove Brewster, 9, son (Leiden).
  • Wrestling Brewster, 6, son (Leiden).
• Carver, John (possibly Yorkshire).^[7]
  • Katherine (Leggett) (White) Carver, wife (probably Sturton-le-Steeple, Nottinghamshire).
• Chilton, James* (Canterbury, Kent).^[8][9]
  • Mrs. (James) Chilton*, wife.
  • Mary Chilton, 13, daughter (Sandwich, Kent).
• Cooke, Francis.
  • John Cooke, 13, son (Leiden).
• Cooper, Humility, 1, (probably Leiden) baby daughter of Robert Cooper, in company of her aunt Ann Cooper Tilley, wife of Edward Tilley^[10]
• Crackstone/Crackston, John* (possibly Colchester, Essex).^[11]
  • John Crackstone, son.
• Fletcher, Moses* (Sandwich, Kent).^[12]
• Fuller, Edward* (Redenhall, Norfolk).^[9]
  • Mrs. (Edward) ____Fuller*, wife.^[13][14]
  • Fuller, Samuel, 12, son.
• Fuller, Samuel (Redenhall, Norfolk), (brother to Edward).
• Goodman, John* (possibly Northampton).^[15]
• Priest, Degory*
• Rogers, Thomas* (Watford, Northamptonshire).
  • Joseph Rogers, 17, son (Watford, Northamptonshire).
• Samson, Henry, 16, (Henlow, Bedfordshire) child in company of his uncle and aunt Edward and Ann Tilley.^[10]
• Tilley, Edward* (Henlow, Bedfordshire)
  • Ann (Cooper) Tilley* (Henlow, Bedfordshire) wife of Edward and aunt of Humilty Cooper and Henry Samson.
• Tilley, John* (Henlow, Bedfordshire).
  • Joan (Hurst) (Rogers) Tilley*, wife (Henlow, Bedfordshire).
  • Elizabeth Tilley, 13, daughter (Henlow, Bedfordshire).
• Tinker, Thomas* (possibly Norfork).^[16]
  • Mrs. Thomas Tinker*, wife.
  • boy Tinker*, son, died in the winter of 1620.
• Turner, John* (possibly Norfork).^[17]
  • boy Turner*, son, died in the winter of 1620.
  • boy Turner*, younger son. died in the winter of 1620.
• White, William*^[18] William White's sister Bridget was John Robinson's wife. John Robinson was Pastor of the Pilgrim Fathers leading the Separatists since his days at college at Cambridge^[19]
  • Susanna White, wife, widowed February 21, 1621. She subsequently married Pilgrim Edward Winslow.^[18][20]
  • Resolved White, 5, son, wife was Judith Vassal.^[18]
  • Peregrine White', son. Born on board the Mayflower in Cape Cod Harbor in late November 1620. First European born to the Pilgrims in America.^[18]
• Williams, Thomas^[21]
• Winslow, Edward (Droitwich, Worcestershire).
  • Elizabeth (Barker) Winslow, wife.

Servants of the Leiden Congregation

• Butten, William*, (possibly Nottingham) age: "a youth", indentured servant of Samuel Fuller, died during the voyage. He was the first passenger to die - on November 16, three days before Cape Cod was sighted. His burial place is unknown - he might have been buried at sea or after reaching Cape Cod, buried ashore there in an unmarked grave, as would soon after be the fate of Ellen More and her brother Jasper. Graves were unmarked to prevent Indians from knowing of their company's deaths and from disturbing the bodies.^[22]
• --?--, Dorothy, teenager, maidservant of John Carver.
• Hooke, John*, (probably Norwich, Norfolk) age 13, apprenticed to Isaac Allerton, died during the first winter.
• Howland, John, (Fenstanton, Huntingdonshire), about 21, manservant and executive assistant for Governor John Carver.^[23]
• Latham, William, (possibly Lancashire), age 11, servant/apprentice to the John Carver family.^[24]
• Minter, Desire, (Norwich, Norfolk), a servant of John Carver whose parents died in Leiden.^[25][26]

Mayflower plaque in St. James Church in Shipton, Shropshire commemorating the More children baptism. Courtesy of Phil Revell

• More, Ellen (Elinor)*, Shipton, Shropshire),^[27] age 8, assigned as a servant of Edward Winslow. She died from illness sometime in November 1620 soon after the arrival of Mayflower in Cape Cod harbor and likely was buried ashore there in an unmarked grave.^[28]
• More, Jasper*, (Shipton, Shropshire),^[27] age 7, indentured to John Carver. He died from illness on board Mayflower on December 6, 1620 and likely was buried ashore on Cape Cod in an unmarked grave.^[28]
• More, Richard, (Shipton, Shropshire),^[27] age 6, indentured to William Brewster. Richard More is buried in what was known as the Charter Street Burial Ground but is now the Burying Point/Charter Street Cemetery in Salem, Massachusetts. He is the only Mayflower passenger to have his gravestone still where it was originally placed sometime in the mid-1690s. Also buried nearby in the same cemetery were his two wives, Christian Hunter More and Jane (Crumpton) More.^[28][29]
• More, Mary*, (Shipton, Shropshire),^[27] age 6, assigned as a servant of William Brewster. She died sometime in the winter of 1620/1621. Her burial place is unknown, but may have been on Cole's Hill in Plymouth in an unmarked grave as with so many others buried there that winter. As with her sister Ellen, she is recognized on the Pilgrim Memorial Tomb in Plymouth, misidentified after her sister's name as "and a brother (children)" - the statement of calling her "a brother" mistakenly coming from William Bradford's failing memory years after the event of her death.^[28]
• Soule, George, (possibly Bedforshire),^[30] 21-25, servant or employee of Edward Winslow.
• Story, Elias*, age under 21, in the care of Edward Winslow.
• Wilder, Roger*, age under 21, servant in the John Carver family.

In all, there were 102 passengers on the Mayflower - 74 males and 28 females.

Passengers recruited by Thomas Weston, of London Merchant Adventurers

• Billington, John (possibly Lancashire).^[31]
  • Eleanor Billington, wife.
  • John Billington, 16, son.
  • Francis Billington, 14, son.
• Britteridge, Richard* (possibly Sussex).^[32]
• Browne, Peter (Dorking, Surrey).
• Clarke, Richard*
• Eaton, Francis (Bristol, Gloucestershire/Somerset).^[33]
  • Sarah Eaton*, wife.
  • Samuel Eaton, 1, son.
• Gardiner, Richard (Harwich, Essex).
• Hopkins, Stephen (Upper Clatford, Hampshire).
  • Elizabeth (Fisher) Hopkins, wife.
  • Giles Hopkins, 12, son by first marriage (Hursley, Hampshire).
  • Constance Hopkins, 14, daughter by first marriage (Hursley, Hampshire).
  • Damaris Hopkins, 1-2, daughter.
  • Oceanus Hopkins, born on board the Mayflower while en route to the New World.
• Margesson, Edmund* (possibly Norfolk).^[34]
• Martin, Christopher* (Billericay, Essex).
  • Mary (Prower) Martin*, wife.
• Mullins, William* (Dorking, Surrey).
  • Alice Mullins*, wife.
  • Priscilla Mullins, 18, daughter.
  • Joseph Mullins*, 14, son.
• Prower, Solomon* (Billericay, Essex).
• Rigsdale, John* (possibly Lincolnshire).^[35]
  • Alice Rigsdale*, wife.
• Standish, Myles (probably Lancashire).
  • Rose Standish, wife.
• Warren, Richard (Hertford, England).
• Winslow, Gilbert (Droitwich, Worcestershire), brother to Pilgrim Edward Winslow but not known to have lived in Leiden.

Servants of Merchant Adventurers passengers

• Carter, Robert*, (possibly Surrey),^[36] Teenager, servant or apprentice to William Mullins, shoemaker.
• Doty, Edward, (possibly Lincolnshire) age probably about 21, servant to Stephen Hopkins.
• Holbeck, William*, age likely under 21, servant to William White.
• Langmore, John*, age under 21, servant to the Christopher Martin.
• Leister, Edward also spelled Leitster. (possibly vicinity of London), aged over 21, servant to Stephen Hopkins.^[37]
• Thompson/Thomson, Edward*, age under 21, in the care of the William White family, first passenger to die after the Mayflower reached Cape Cod.

Mayflower officers and crew

According to author Charles Edward Banks, the Mayflower had fourteen officers consisting of the captain, four mates, four quartermasters, surgeon, carpenter, cooper, cook, boatswain, gunner and about thirty-six men before the mast, making a total of fifty. Other authors in more recent times estimate a crew of about thirty. The entire crew stayed with the Mayflower in Plymouth through the winter of 1620-21. During that time, about half of the crew died. The crewmen that survived returned on the Mayflower which sailed for London on April 5, 1621.^{[38][39][40][41][42]}

Ship crewmen hired to stay one year

• John Alden - He was a 21-year-old from Harwich, Essex as was Capt. Jones. He was both a crewman and ship's cooper with the very important task of maintaining the ship's barrels. In these were stored the only source of Mayflower food and drink while at sea, and tending them required a crew member's attention. He was given the choice of remaining in the colony or returning to England. He decided to remain.^[43][44]

• John Allerton* - A Mayflower seaman hired as colony labor for one year. He was then to return to Leiden to assist church members with travel to America. He died sometime before the Mayflower departed for England on April 5, 1621.^[45]

• ____ Ely - A Mayflower seaman contracted to stay for one year. He returned to England on the Fortune in December 1621 along with William Trevor. Dr. Jeremy Bangs believes his name was either John or Christopher Ely, or Ellis, who are documented in Leiden records.^[46][47]

• Thomas English* - A Mayflower seaman hired to be master of the ship’s shallop. He died sometime before the departure of the Mayflower for England on April 5, 1621.^[48][49]

• William Trevore - A Mayflower seaman with prior New World experience hired to work in the colony for one year. He returned to England on the Fortune in December 1621 along with Ely and others. By 1650 he had returned to New England.^[50][51][52]

Note: Asterisk on any name indicates those who died in the winter of 1620-21.

Animals on board

At least two dogs are known to have participated in the settling of Plymouth. In Mourt's Relation Edward Winslow writes that a female mastiff and a small springer spaniel came ashore on the first explorations of what is now Provincetown.^[53] The ship was believed to have small domestic animals such as goats and pigs on board as well as chickens. Larger domestic animals such as cows and sheep came later.'^[54]

See also

• Mayflower Compact
• Mayflower Compact signatories
• Mayflower passengers who died at sea November/December 1620
• The Mayflower Society

References

Mayflower passengers from William Bradford's Of Plymouth Plantation, 1650.